Fundamental rights and duties of citizens of the fifteenth chapter (below)

 

The first section       The fundamental rights of citizens in China

A, citizen participation in the political life of the rights and freedoms

(a) Equal rights

1,  Concept: all citizens according to the provisions of the Constitution and the law, enjoy equal rights in the political, economic, social, cultural and other domains.

2,  History

(1) "Declaration of human rights" is the earliest confirmed

(2) in the capitalist constitution meaning: the legislation equality; the law applicable to the law-abiding equality equality.

3, China's current constitution: "the fundamental rights and duties of citizens" chapter first clearly defined

Content: A. all citizens enjoy equal rights under the Constitution and the law; equal to fulfill the obligations stipulated by constitution and law;

B. any of the legitimate rights and interests shall be equally protected, for violations will be prosecuted according to law;

C. does not allow to be beyond the Constitution and legal privileges;

(two) the right to vote and to be elected

(three) the political freedom

(1) the freedom of speech

Freedom of speech: 1) citizens to express their ideas and opinions through the way of language rights;

2) the citizens through the views and opinions about the political, economic, cultural, social and other aspects of the exercise of the right of free speech expression is protected by law, shall not be illegally interfered by;

3) freedom of speech, including oral, written and broadcast television and other forms of;

4) within the statutory scope, citizens should not for his remarks and bear the adverse consequences.

(2) the freedom of the press

(3) the freedom of Association

(4) assembly, parade, demonstration for freedom

(four) criticism, suggestions, complaints, charges, prosecution right

Against the VS Report

(1) the implementation of different: Sue -- by the state organs or their staff illegal acts of unlawful infringement people report -- no direct contact

(2) for different purposes: Sue -- for protecting their own interests; report -- justice and safeguarding the public interest

▲To obtain the right to relief the main content of the citizens

Citizens to obtain the right to relief rights, refers to a right to self security and derivative. It exists, provides the inherent opportunity the self-contained and self completion for the right security system. It mainly includes the compensation and compensation rights and national rights complaint, accusation. China's current "constitution" article forty-first citizen complaints, charges or report and the national compensation claim made clear.

The right of appeal is when the legitimate rights and interests of citizens, made by administrative organs or judicial organs of the wrong, illegal decision or judgment, or by the staff of illegal acts and violations, the injured citizens have to the authorities about the grounds for the appeal, request for reconsideration rights. Including the litigation right of appeal and non litigation right of appeal.

The complaint or report is refers to the civil rights to any state organ or functionary of illegal acts, exposing, charges or report to the relevant state organs, and request to punish or sanction rights.

The right to request the state compensation and compensation, is refers to the individual citizen or other right of the subject, because of national or public authority acts suffered damage, enjoy to the national compensation and compensation in accordance with the law.

Two, the citizen's personal freedom and the freedom of belief

(a) the personal freedom

The personal freedom of citizens: citizens (including physical and mental) from unlawful restriction, search, detention and arrest.

Generalized personal freedom: also includes personal freedom associated with dignity and residential citizens are not violated, the freedom and privacy of correspondence of citizens are protected by law, and freedom of religious belief.

due to personal freedom of citizens is the citizen to participate in various social activities, prerequisite for participating in state political life and enjoy the other rights and freedoms of citizens freedom of the person, once lost, the other rights and freedoms is impossible, therefore, liberty is the most basic rights of citizens, at least.

(two) the inviolability of human dignity

▲The meaning of human dignity of citizens

(1) human dignity of the constitution of the civil rights of citizens, it is the reflection of the relationship between the individual citizen and the state, is a kind of public right; but the civil sense of right of personality, refers to the authorized by the legal personality status, have the capacity for rights meaning, or that can not be and individual separated body, liberty, reputation and name, portrait, privacy and other interests, it reflects the relationship between private.

(2) special personality right is a basic relationship and personal value, may not infringe upon the rights, including the right of reputation, the right of name, the right of portrait and the right of privacy.

(3) general personality right, also includes the essence of personality, personal life, physical, spiritual and personal life associated benefits etc..

(4) China's current "constitution" the thirty-eighth stipulation: "the personal dignity of citizens of the people's Republic of China are not violated. Prohibition of civil insult, slander and false accusation by any means". The constitution the provisions of "dignity" is equivalent to the narrow sense of the right of personality.

(three) inviolability of the residence

(four) the freedom and privacy of correspondence shall be protected by law

(five) the freedom of religious belief

(1) every citizen is in accordance with the wishes of the freedom of religious belief, also has not the right to freedom of religious belief;

(2) a belief that freedom of religion, also have a belief that freedom of religion;

(3) in the same religion, believing in this sect of the free, also have the belief that religious freedom;

(4) the past non religious and religious freedom now, have in the past or now the freedom not to believe in religion;

(5) in accordance with the religious belief in religious freedom, are not attending religious freedom.

Three, social economy, culture, education, civil rights

(a) the citizen private property rights

▲ the Chinese constitutional safeguard of private property rights

(1): the concept of citizen private property rights is that citizens have the possession, use, income and disposition of the lawful property of its own right, not be deprived of the basic right is to maintain the survival of human essential.

Background: (2) in our country, understanding of private property has gone through a tortuous process, due to the influence of traditional concepts, we always emphasize the state and collective interests, personal interests are not enough attention. The new China few constitution despite the citizen lawful property right and private property right of inheritance are specified in different forms, but on the whole are lack of system and integrity. Since the reform and opening up, with the rapid development of the national economy and the improvement of people's living standards, private citizens to own private property generally have different degrees of increase, especially with the formation and development of the socialist market economy, strengthen the constitutional protection of private property rights have become the inevitable demand of the times.

(2) security: in March 14, 2004, the current constitution, the tenth session of the National People's Congress of the second meeting of the fourth amendment stipulates: "the lawful private property of citizens are not violated." "The country in accordance with the law to protect citizens to inherit private property right." "Countries in need of public interest, the citizen's private property expropriation or requisition and compensation in accordance with the law." This amendment affirmed the status of citizen's private property rights in civil rights system fundamentally, ensure the comprehensive constitutional protection of property right and seriousness, progress has historical significance of strong.

(3) the specific provisions: the lawful property ownership, refers to the citizens through legal labor or other means, and holds certain property rights, including ownership of the means of subsistence and production data. Among them, living materials include labor and non labor wages, ownership or rental income, savings, housing, transportation, bonds, stocks and other daily necessities; production mainly refers to the law allows individuals possess production tools, raw materials, labor, livestock products and so on. The right of inheritance is the extension property, is the legal form of civil legal transfer of property. To protect the property rights of citizens, we should also protect the citizens right of inheritance, to enable the property itself can be no loss to inherit. At the same time, in order to prevent the abuse of private property rights, constitutional amendments to further improve the constitutional basis of private property protection, namely, the state only in the premise of the public interest, can be levied on the private property of citizens. Moreover, expropriation or requisition must be strictly in accordance with the law, and at the same time compensation, can be carried out, and shall not violate.

(two) the right and obligation of labor

(three) the workers right to rest

(four) the right to material assistance

(five) the right and obligation to receive education

(1) the ability to follow the right to receive education.

(2) enjoy the equality of educational opportunity.

(3) the right to education is realized through different stages and different forms of.

(six) in scientific research, literary and artistic creation and other cultural activities

Four, specific human rights

(a) the protection of women's rights

(two) security retirees and the army right

(three) marriage, family, mother, children and the elderly protection

(four) caring for adolescents and children's growth

The basic duty of citizens in section second, China

Characteristics of the third day of our citizens' basic rights and basic obligations and exercising principle

One, characteristic

(1) the subject of the extensive range of citizens' basic rights and freedom

(2) the citizens' basic rights and obligations of the equality of right obligation

(3) the reality of the content of basic civil rights and obligations of both material security and legal protection

(4) the consistency of the body of citizens' basic rights and obligations of the mutual combination and promote each other, complement each other

Two, the principle of

(1) relative

(2) Limited

(3) do not harm the overall interests

 

The sixteenth chapter election system

 

The first day of the election system

The concept, the electoral system

(a): a general term for the concept of the ruling class through the law on the election of national representatives of representative organs and public servants of the principle, procedure and method of the system.

(two) characteristics of modern electoral system: (1) to be elected tend to be the representative organs of the representative or representatives; (2) form by universal suffrage; (3) a set of relatively complete legal guidance.

Two, the emergence and development

Three, role

(1) for the voters elected representatives of their trust is composed of national institutions, so as to provide institutional guarantee for the transfer of state power.

(2) as voters supervision power holders, and under certain conditions to replace the power holder provides an important way.

(3) is formed, promoting the expression of public opinion, and make the voters democratic consciousness is the important means to improve the.

(4) is an important measure to ease the social contradictions, relieve the social crisis, maintain social stability.

Four, system

(a) regional representation and occupation representation (China by two kinds of representative)

(1) the regional representation: living area divided constituencies, or by administrative region, county, township for the electoral units elected representatives or members of the institution. There are generally two kinds of ways: one is each electoral district produces only a senator or representative, known as the small constituency system or singular constituency system; another is a constituency has more than two members or representatives, called the election district system or complex constituency system.

(2) occupation representation: the election in accordance with the occupation to be classified, according to occupation groups rather than residential area or administrative region, electing members or representatives of the system.

(two) the majority representation system and the system of proportional representation

(1) majority representation: candidates to set standards, the more can be elected system. The absolute majority of most of the statutory number are compared

(2) the proportional representation: in accordance with certain counting method, make each party according to the number of votes to elect a representative, the system according to the proportion of.

The five party system, electoral system VS

Six, voters and elected

The basic principle of section second of the electoral system

One, the principle of universality

Two, the principle of equality

(a) concept: where voters in the rights and status of equality, everyone in every election only one vote, and is equal to the value of each vote. Equal election is the force of their voting rights from the main body of the right to vote, it originated from freedom, equality, fraternity and anti privilege thought. Although most capitalist countries provides the principle of equal voting, but also to be in the election procedure and method of destruction and creating obstacles, so that equal election really can't be realized under capitalism.

(two) the provision of our country:

(1) each at least 18 years of age and political rights of citizens are entitled to participate in the election right;

(2) each voter in every election only one vote;

(3) the effectiveness of each voter to vote is equal;

(4) the right to vote and to be elected to unify, the right to be elected who enjoys the right to vote on the principle of.

(three) relative:

(1) voting effect inequality. The representation is not the principle of distribution according to the same population. In the above the county levels of National People's Congress election in rural areas, the population represented by each 4 times the city represented by each population.

(2) the minority given special care. For example, clearly defined, small ethnic minority in the National People's Congress also should have at least a deputy to the National People's congress.

(3) the military representative special case. Our troops have 265 representatives in the National People's Congress, accounting for 9% of the total number of deputies to the National People's Congress, but the army's far not produced according to the principle of equality and the proportion of the population. This inequality is decided by the special status in the political life of our country.

Three, direct election and indirect elections and principles

Directly elected by the voters vote directly: representatives of representative organs and public servants of the state elections;

Indirect elections: by elected representatives to vote on a level representatives of representative organs and public servants of the state elections.

Four, the principle of the secret ballot

Five, the election principle

Six, the electoral rights protection principles

The third section elected democratic procedures

A, direct election procedure

(1) the organization of elections.

(2) the redistricting.

(3) the voter registration.

(4) and to determine the candidates nominated.

(5) the introduction of candidates.

(6) the organization of the voting.

(7) determine the election

(8) the by election.

Two, indirect election procedures

(1) presided over the organization of elections

(2) on behalf of the candidates proposed

(3) to determine the formal candidates

(4) determine the election

The fourth section on behalf of the supervision and dismissal

One, the directly elected representative recall

In the county people's Congress electoral district, a group of 50 or more voters; for Township People's Congress, the voters in the electoral district 30 signatories to County People's Congress Standing Committee written recall requirements.

Two, the indirect elections on behalf of recall

▲ briefly China's "election law" about the indirectly elected representatives of the people of the main program.

(1) according to China's "election law" the provisions of article forty-fifth, at or above the county level people's Congress is in session, the presidium or above 1/10 acting jointly, may propose to the level people's congresses elected by them on behalf of the recall; during the close session of the people's Congress at or above the county level, the local People Congresses director of the Standing Committee of the Standing Committee meeting or more than 1/5 members jointly, can put forward to the upper level people's congresses elected by the people's Congress on behalf of the recall to the standing committee.

(2) presented to the people's Congress of the recall, by the presidium of the Congress over the plenary meeting, submitted to the Standing Committee of the recall, the meeting of directors submitted to the plenary session of the Standing Committee vote. Before the vote on the recall, the recall by a party to recall instructions, and then by the recall vote on behalf of defend, finally.

(3) through the recall in the people's Congress or the Standing Committee, are represented by more than half of Congress or the Standing Committee by more than half, recall decisions reported to the Standing Committee of a people's Congress for the record.

Three, on behalf of the resignation

Four, on behalf of the termination of the qualification and stop

▲ our qualified deputies termination and stop the same? The respective conditions.

Answer: the two are not the same. According to China's "election law" provisions:

(1) representing the terminating conditions: term; death; loss of nationality; or moved out from the administrative region; the resignation was accepted; unauthorized two times not to attend the people's Congress at the corresponding level meetings; be deprived of their political rights by law to recall.

(2) the reason delegates stop: representative because of the criminal suspect in custody, are subject to investigation, prosecution, trial; being sentenced to public surveillance, criminal detention or fixed-term imprisonment without additional deprivation of political rights, is serving. The case on behalf of tenure disappeared after the recovery, the deputy duties.

 

The seventeenth chapter of national institutions

 

The first day of national institutions

One, the concept and classification

(a): the sum of the concept of ruling class in order to realize the function of the state and the establishment of the state organs.

(two) classification: horizontal -- in organs of state power, national chairman, administrative organs, judicial organs, the national military organs, procuratorial organs

Longitudinal -- the central state organs, local state organs

Two, the organization principle of activity

(a) The democratic centralism

1,   Concept: focus on the basis of democracy and democracy under centralized guidance, democracy and centralized and unified.

2,   In our country:

(1) the relationship between people and the organs of state power: the National People's Congress and the local people's congresses at various levels shall be democratically elected, responsible to the people, subject to the supervision of the people;

(2) the relationship between the organs of state power and other state organs: the state administrative organs, judicial organs, procuratorial organs by the people's Congress, responsible to it, subject to its supervision;

(3) the relationship between the central government and local government: Division of the central and local state organs, followed in the unified leadership of the central government, give full play to the initiative, enthusiasm of the local principle;

(4) the state leadership system: collective responsibility system (power organs, judicial organs, procuratorial organs), individual responsibility system (administrative authorities, military authorities) is a specific application of the principle of democratic centralism;

(two) the socialist rule of law

1, the concept: to reflect people's will and interests laws to govern the country, the formation of a stable and orderly society.

2, requirement: (1) the legislature to strengthen legislation; (2) and activity of state organs shall not ultra vires

(three) the principle of liability

1, the concept: state organs and their staff in exercising their functions and powers and perform their duties shall be responsible for the consequences of the system.

2, performance:

(1) the state organs in general and the people responsible for: organ of state power to the people, the other state organs are responsible to the organs of state power;

(2) in the state organs, are the implementation of collective responsibility and personal responsibility.

A. collective responsibility: in the decision-making process of major issues, collective discussion, make a decision in accordance with the principle of majority rule, collective responsibility. Organs, judicial organs, procuratorial organs in exercising their functions and powers in the process, the collective responsibility. Its role is to benefit by mutual discussion, to avoid over concentration of power, prevent arbitrary and one sidedness;

B. personal responsibility: by a particular individual decision problem and undertake the corresponding responsibility system. In our performance for the chief of military organs, administrative organs, in exercising their functions and powers in the process, the executive responsibility system, by the exercise of the right of final decision, and the chief representative of the office shall bear full responsibility. Its role is to play the man of wisdom and talent, improve work efficiency, avoid mutual responsibility and duty not clear phenomenon; at the same time, not to the exclusion of democratic collective discussion, is a concrete application of democratic centralism;

(four) contact with the masses, principle of serving the people

(five) reduced the efficiency principle

The second section representative organs

	The National People's Congress	Member of the Standing Committee
	The central	Place	The central	Local (county)
The nature and status	The highest organ of state power, the other is the central state organs, responsible to it, subject to its supervision.	Local organs of state power, other local state organs are generated by it, to him responsible, subject to its supervision.	Permanent establishment of National People's Congress, the National People's Congress leadership and supervision, responsible and report on their work to the National People's Congress, to exercise the state power in the inter sessional part of National People's congress.	The people's Congress is form the local organ of state power, part.
Form	On behalf of the province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the central government, Special Administrative Region and the military elected; all the minority nationalities are an appropriate number; number no more than 3000 people.	The provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the central government, municipal district NPC Representative Election indirectly by lower people's Congress; direct election of Deputies of the township, ethnic township, town, county, city not divided into districts, municipal districts	The chairman and vice chairman of 1, number 1, the secretary general, member of a number of; seven session of the National People's Congress, chairman, vice chairman, the secretary general elections, other differences	Deputy director, director, member number number
Term of office	Each term of five years, no restrictions on behalf of the re-election; each session of the National People's Congress must be completed before the expiration of the term of office for two months, the next election could not vote, 2/3 decided to postpone the very end; within a year, the National People's Congress election must be completed.	Each term of five years, no restrictions on behalf of the term	Each term of five years; the chairman, vice chairmen of the Standing Committee shall serve no more than two consecutive	Not specified
Powers	The implementation of the amendment to the Constitution and constitutional supervision. To formulate and amend basic laws. The election and recall, decided to state leaders. The decision to major problems in the country. The right of supervision. The National People's Congress has the power to exercise other powers shall be exercised by the highest organ of state power.		The interpretation of the constitution, supervise the implementation of the Constitution and legislative power the power of appointment and removal of personnel and deciding on major issues and the right of supervision by the National People's Congress granted to other

System, the National People's Congress

(1): the meeting is convened the National People's Congress work. A regular meeting held every year in the first quarter, convened by the Standing Committee of the National People's congress. If the National People's Congress Standing Committee deems it necessary, or more than 1/5 of the deputies to the National People's Congress may be convened the meeting proposed. Representative elections within each after two months, the first meeting of the Standing Committee of the NPC must be made by the National People's Congress convened the conference, after all the Standing Committee is responsible for convening the.

(2): the National People's Congress in accordance with their respective electoral units organized into delegation, and were elected vice Colonel, colonel. The delegation also can be divided into several representative group.

Discussion: (3) before each meeting by the National People's Congress Standing Committee of National People's Congress, chaired the preparatory meeting convened, the meeting agenda, elect the Presidium and secretary general, decided to other preparations.

(4): the preparatory meeting, the meeting of the presidium, plenary meeting, the delegation Conference

Host: (5) the National People's Congress meeting chaired by the presidium, the presidium is temporary agencies, non specified number of the presidium of the law.

(6): the members attend the members of the State Council, the Central Military Commission, the Supreme People's court, the president, and the Supreme People's Procuratorate long, to attend the session of the National People's congress. Responsible for the other relevant organs, organizations, by decision of the presidium, can also attend the meeting.

Section third heads of state

One, overview

(a) concept: a country highest representative on behalf of domestic, international, an important part of national institutions.

(two) the classification system

(1) the exercise of power of the state, real, virtual

(2) the organization, individual, collective

Two, I head of state

(a) features: (1) the individual Principate

(2) the Principate

(two) and term

(1): the National People's Congress election; at least 45

(2): no more than two consecutive term of office

Three, authority

(1) to promulgate laws, orders

(2) the power of appointment and removal of personnel

(3) Foreign Affairs

4 Rong Dianquan

The fourth section administrative organs

	The State Council	The local government
The nature and status	The Central People's government, executive body of the highest organ of state power	The local people's government, executive bodies of local organs of state power
Form	Vice Prime Minister, several, several members, various ministries and commissions, the auditor general, the Secretary General	The provincial county; the township
Term of office	Each term of 5 years, the prime minister, deputy prime minister, State Councilor for no more than two consecutive terms	Provincial, county level -- 5 years The Township -- 3 years
Leadership system	The prime minister is in charge of the	The chief of

The nature and position, the State Council

(1) the State Council is the Central People's government to the central government, foreign name activities, local people's governments at all levels is a subordinate unit of it, under the leadership of.

(2) the State Council is the executive body of the highest organ of state power, the State Council to the National People's Congress, the State Council created by the National People's Congress election, responsible to it, subject to its supervision, report to it, is responsible to the National People's Congress Standing Committee session, the Standing Committee of National People's Congress supervision.

(3) the unified leadership of the State Council ministries and the local state administrative bodies at different levels, all state organs must comply with the State Council's decisions and orders.

The fifth section judicial organs and inspection organs

One, overview

Foreign models

(1) examination integration type: the procuratorial organs have no organization system independent, and attached to the inner court. (Germany)

(2) examine the separation type: the procuratorial organs to separate, completely separate from the judicial organ, organization system of their own. (British)

(3) the procuratorial organs attached to the administrative organ. (U.S.)

Two, China

The work principle of China's court trial

(1) that all citizens are equal before the law

(2) the independent trial, not by administrative organs, social groups, individual interference

(3) the public trial

(4) the defendant has the right to defence

(5) all peoples have the right to apply to the national language in the proceedings

(6) the collegial system

(7) avoidance

The eighteenth Chapter Party System

 

Overview of parties and Party System

Party A, overview

(a) concept:

Political parties: the elite of a certain class, stratum or group consisting of, and for the realization of the political, economic interests, political programme politics and struggle of political organization.

The political party system: the status and role of political parties, especially the political party called, participate in or influence the system of state power.

(two) feature:

First, the party has specific, clear political program. This is an important symbol of political party is different from other social organizations.

Second, the party has a clear political goals.

Third, the party organized system qualitative.

Fourth, Party discipline.

Two, constitutional and political party system

▲ the constitutional status of political parties

(1) after the party came, plays a very important role in the political practice of the Constitution Party, but generally not specified. Until after the Second World War, some western countries because of the fear of communism, clearly requires the political party law, the party into the activities of the bourgeoisie the orbit of the rule of law, and therefore in the constitution of the party made regulations. Some nationalist countries established after World War II of the constitution, but also have the corresponding provisions.

(2) the provisions of the constitution of the party in socialist countries, mainly reflected in two aspects: one is the clear provisions of proletarian political party leadership in the country; two is the number of the presence of other democratic party state, generally express or implied, the legal status of the Democratic Party and the proletariat political party relations of cooperation.

(3) the constitution, in addition to the basic rules of political party, political party system especially designed section is also provided with a part of the national constitution.

(4) some countries through the establishment of political parties or other form of special regulation, the provisions of the parties and Party systems.

Three, the party system and democratic constitutionalism

On the relationship between "political party system and democratic constitutionalism

(1) the political party system is the product of democratic constitutionalism.

(2) the party system has promoted the development of modern democracy and constitutionalism.

1. Party system, so that the political transition to democracy in ancient monarch personal rule for life for the political parties of modern democratic politics.

The political party system is an important way to solve the contradiction, the conflict between different groups of constitutional democracy.

The political party system will directly affect the democratic constitutional state, related to the success or failure of democratic constitutionalism.

The political party system is one of the main measures to expand political participation.

The system of multi-party cooperation under the leadership of the Communist Party of the second day

A China, the political party system

(a): refers to the concept of multi-party cooperation system in China, on behalf of the working class is the political party of the proletariat to invite the other party to participate in the management of state affairs, common.

(two): China Communist Party is the core of leadership of the socialist cause, is the ruling party; the democratic parties to cooperate with Chinese Communist political party, to accept the leadership of the CPC is the premise of cooperation.

(three) the 8 democratic parties: the Revolutionary Committee, China Kuomintang Chinese Democratic Alliance, Chinese Democratic National Construction Association, China Association for promoting democracy, China peasants' and workers' Democratic Party, China Zhi Gong Dang, nine three society, the Taiwan democratic self government league.

(four) the system of multiparty cooperation inevitable product of the specific historical conditions. Mainly in the:

From the history of the formation and development of democratic parties, the Democratic Party is a political party forms of political organization, the nature has the class union or political union. As the middle forces, revolution, to participate in power, must make a choice, United alliance.

From the social basis of democratic parties, which is the national bourgeoisie as the main body, with the united front and the class nature of the party alliance. After the completion of socialist transformation, changed the social basis of the democratic parties, become the respective part of the Socialist Workers and patriots who support socialism political ally, is to serve the cause of socialism political forces led by the Communist Party of Chinese.

The democratic parties from the inception of the Communist Party and China established good relations of cooperation. In different periods of history, the Democratic Party Politics and Chinese Communist Party are consistent, objective foundation and partnerships is finally formed the multi-party cooperation and political party system.

(five) the multi-party cooperation significance:

1, to further enhance the universality of the socialist democracy, namely the essential demands of socialist democracy;

2, to strengthen and improve the leadership of the CPC, democratic life inside and outside the party, strengthen the democratic supervision, reduce and avoid mistakes in decision-making;

3, to develop the sense of participation of the masses of the people and the people outside the party, open various channels of democracy, improve people's ability to participate in politics and the correct use of democratic rights level.

(six) "characteristics"

(1) under the leadership of the CPC, democratic parties accept leadership

(2) together Chinese characteristic socialism

(3) the CPC is the ruling party, the democratic parties

(4) of the CPC and the democratic parties to implement political consultation, mutual supervision

(5) have constitutional provisions within the scope of political freedom, independence and equal legal status

Two, the content and form of the multi-party cooperation system

(a) content

1, participate in the basic point: to participate in the national regime, participate in national fundamental policy and national leaders for consultation, to participate in the management of state affairs.

2, supervision and general principles: Based on the four cardinal principles, develop democracy, encourage the free airing of views, to encourage and support the democratic parties and personages without party affiliation of the party and state policies, the suggestions, criticisms and suggestions, do speak without reserve, reserve, and the courage to adhere to the correct opinion.

(two) form

(1) in the form of political consultation conference

(2) by the organs of state power in politics

(3) the leadership positions at all levels of government and judicial organs

Three, uphold and improve the leadership of the Communist Party of China