Wenzhou Longgang senior middle school  Miu Yindan

[standard]

Say USA 1787 the main contents of the Constitution and federal power structure, compare the similarities and differences America presidential system and of the British monarchy.

[guiding opinions] discipline

To know the main content of the Constitution in 1787, America principle and action; know the power structure of federalism; understand American presidential system; comparative USA similarities and differences between the Republic and of the British monarchy, the feeling in the constitution of 1787 "check and balance" the principle of human political wisdom.

[objectives]

(1) knowledge and ability

To understand the main contents America 1787 Constitution, to understand the distribution of power to the federal government, separation of powers and checks and balances the understanding of the principle of constitution of 1787 1787 Constitution, evaluation, comparison of British parliamentary constitutional monarchy and USA presidential Democratic Republic,To cultivate students' comprehensive induction and comparative analysis problem ability.

  

(2) process and method

1 through the creation of the problem situation, the purpose and content of guiding students to analyze American 1787 constitution.

2 using a team approach, discuss and construct the distribution of power of the federal government structure of the corresponding schematic diagram.

3 through the creation of context, let students explore the characteristics USA constitution and to evaluate the USA constitution of 1787.

4 through the creation of situation and graphic design, American Republic and the similarities and differences of the British monarchy inquiry.

(3) emotional attitudes and values

In 1787 1 Americans America constitution is the combination of their own reality, self innovation results, is the essence of human political wisdom.

2 dialectical and comprehensive analysis of the 1787 Constitution, combined with the evaluation of the specific things with historical attitude era background, evaluation of things not demanding.

3 British parliamentary constitutional monarchy and America presidential Democratic Republic are representative of the development of human civilization, both for its own development and has an extensive and profound influence. To recognize the diversity of the democratic politics and the uniqueness of their own, can learn to our democratic construction draw the essence, to its dregs.

 

[intelligence analysis]

This lesson relates to the content of the 1787 Constitution, principle, function, but also relates to the presidential system, federalism, federal, republic political concept, because the students lack the system of the modern history of world knowledge system and the relevant political knowledge, brings certain difficulties to the teaching. However, due to USA in today's world of special political, economic status, history and current situation of the students America are quite interested in, after a period of high school history learning, understanding, analysis, summary and comparison ability are improved, which for this section of the autonomous learning and inquiry learning and lay a foundation for.

[key and difficult points in this lesson]

A key.

On 1787 1 America constitution "separation of powers and checks and balances" understanding and grasp

The constitution of 1787 2 America evaluation

 

Difficulties:

On 1787 1 America constitution "separation of powers and checks and balances" understanding and grasp

Comparison of the 2 constitutional monarchy in Britain and USA Democratic Republic

3 thoughts embodied American 1787 Constitution of human political wisdom

[design]

The new curriculum requires that history teaching should help students to change their learning style, to enable students to grasp scientific and effective learning methods, pay attention to students in the learning process of emotional experience. This course uses the situation creation and inquiry teaching model, a learning method based on two levels of change, is based on emotion, attitude, values of sublimation.

(1) the core knowledge: the main content America constitution of 1787

(2) the core method: cosplay, group cooperation research

(3) the emotional core value: America constitution of 1787 is an American with its actual, self innovation results, is the essence of human political wisdom.

[teaching process]

"Into the design

Division:(the creation of context into) ask the students to appreciate a picture (photo show Washington), this is the first democratically elected president in American Washington, he enjoys a high reputation and prestige in the USA. Let us work together to appreciate him in the April 30, 1789 issue of the presidential inaugural address, and ask a student to read his speech.

"... Oath at,...... May God bless, bless a America freedom and happiness of the people and the composition of the government, bless it for these basic purpose and dedication, bless the administrative measures of the government to play a role in the charge of me....... I solemnly swear that I will faithfully execute the office of president of the United States, and will to hold, maintain and defend the United states."

StudentsRead the speech

Division:Read the comments of students

Division:In a speech in Washington said the government refers to what the government? (the federal government) the government is to establish what time? (1789) the speech of the constitution refers to what the Constitution? (the 1787 Constitution)

Division:We have to learn American constitution of 1787 today, please turn to page 109 of the text.

(writing) American constitution of 1787

Division:Ask the students to look at such a material(The multimedia slide show):

"The new England (America names) trouble, our business downturn and shrouded in all parts of the country that the general downturn in depression, largely attributed to the highest authority has no right to......."

In 1787, Washington

Reflection.

1 combined with teaching thinking USA faced what situation?

2 from the material analysis of the causes of USA appear this situation is what?

Students:Read a book about

Division:Guide the students to use the most brief word

Students:The 1 dilemma; 2 the highest power (central) institutions have no right

(writing) dilemma

Division:What is the cause of USA central government agencies have no?

Students:USA Confederate system, make USA central government authority weakened.

Division:What are the characteristics of the system?

Students:Is a loose coalition of States, is a coordination organ, almost no power.

Division:Therefore, only strengthen the powers of the central government, America can get rid of the dilemma, otherwise it will be towards a comprehensive division.

Division:American of a founding father of a country is to strengthen the power of the central government in what way?

Students:Formulate the Constitution in 1787, change the country's political system, strengthen the powers of the central government.

(writing) American constitution of 1787

Division:The 1787 convention in Philadelphia was not successful. First there was the late, is after people leave early, and finally 3 people refused to sign, Rhodes island has always refused to send representatives to participate in the. During a meeting with the first debate, opinion of many people is to lose one's beyond recognition. Meeting every day spent in the quarrel, had more than 80 year old Franklin has care-laden, hired a priest, let all the representatives prayers every day before the meeting, asking God Almighty bless their meetings can be carried out smoothly. The meeting lasted nearly 4 months, eventually forming a draft constitution of 1787. So, whether they are issues around the incentive of debate and eventually reach a compromise? Ask the students to read a Book 110111 page, think independently on the basis of, between around the table and table can cooperate with each other, please send the framers debate and compromise to write on the paper. (let the students read a book about 3-4 minutes)

Students:Ponder and discuss problems

 Division: show students' questions and ask students to comment on issues of science and necessity. The main problem left screened a problem.

Division:According to the students' questions, to show students the following four questions (multimedia slide show):

1 how to strengthen the authority of the federal government?

2 how to construct the USA central government authority?

3 how to coordinate the relationship between the central and the local, the size of the state and the north and south?

4 how to prevent the autocratic, democratic?

Students:Part of the problem to solve the above problems and the students.

Division:1 how to strengthen the authority of the federal government? (multimedia slides to produce material)

Article 1:

All legislative powers specified in the first paragraph of the constitution, is the United States congress......

Tenth without the consent of the congress,...... Keep the troops and ships of war in time of peace, and not of another state or country to enter into any agreement or contract, unless actually invaded, or encountered a critical situation brook no delay time, or engage in war.

Article fourth:

The Third Congress shall have the power to dispose of the territorial and other industries, and make all the necessary rules and regulations about these dependencies and industry.

Article sixth: this constitution, and the United States have enacted laws in accordance with the constitution of the United States; and all the has been signed and will conclude a treaty, both the highest national law... ... anything in the constitution or laws of any state to conflict, shall not violate the provisions of.

                                                  The constitution of 1787, USA

Students:Federal legislation, have economic, military and diplomatic power, such as defence, diplomacy, war, monetary, taxation and foreign trade. Countries have applied to the Constitution and the basic law.

Division:American by establishing federal system, greatly strengthened the power of the central government. One of the main content that is America constitution of 1787.

(writing) content

Division:2 how to construct the American power of the central government (distribution)?

Students:Construction of USA central government to implement the principle of separation of three rights.

Division:Three rights which three right? How to home?

Students:Three the right to the executive power, legislative power and judicial power. The president have the highest administrative authority, the supreme legislative power belongs to the Congress, the judicial power belongs to the federal courts -- the highest judicial authority resides in the Supreme court.

Division:Construction of USA central government to implement the principle of separation of three rights. One of the main contents of this is the 1787 constitution.

Division:3.1787 years of constitution, how to coordinate between the South and the north central and local relations, large states and small states,?

Students:In the relationship between central and local governments: in strengthening the central government power at the same time, the state still maintain a certain degree of independence in the administration. The contradiction conflicts of interest in the big states and small states: senators from each state two, meet the state interests; congressman according to state population selected, take care of the state interests. In the North South Relations: the Constitution without the abolition of slavery in the south, the total population of 5 black equivalent to 3 people to calculate the southern states, both north and south of the coordination of interests, the north and the south.

Division:4 how to prevent the autocratic, democratic?

Students:The central government administrative, legislative, judicial separation of the three powers, and restrict each other, any legal authority will be two additional power constraints, are not allowed more than two additional power.

Division:They (three power) is how to restrict each other?

(in the teacher's guidance)

Students:The president have the highest executive power, and commander in chief of the armed forces, has the right to appoint officials and Supreme Court justices, but must be approval by Congress; President of the constitution, has the power of veto of legislation. However, in the majority in the 2/3 Congress of reconsideration again by this method, which is effective. Moreover, Congress has the power to impeach the president, the Supreme Court Legal Supervision of the president, the president elected by the people, a term (four years) limit.

The Congress is composed of a Senate and house of Representatives, is the highest legislative body, with legislative power; government officials appointed by the president and the Supreme Court justices, must be approved by Congress; Congress also has the power to impeach the president. But the president's legislation to Congress with a veto; the Supreme Court has the judicial supervision of Congress legislation; and the senators and representatives elected by the people, there are term limits.

The Supreme Court has the Supreme Judicial power. The Supreme Court tenure, they have the highest judicial authority, judicial supervision of the president to act, Congress legislation. But they must be appointed by the president, the Senate approved, must maintain the authority of law, once the malfeasance will be removed.

Division:Ask the students to learn the knowledge, draw USA central government structure of separation of the three powers, mutual supervision.

(1 - 2 minutes, teachers of students in the intermediate inspection, observation and make proper communication with students, and the students draw the separation of the three powers, mutual supervision of the schematic diagram of receiving a up to object projection, let a student evaluation, the schematic diagram and show three teachers do control diagram, to strengthen the students on the "three power control" principle understanding, and enable students to appreciate the America a founding father of a country's political wisdom.)

Division:Based on the above knowledge, the constitution reflects what principle in the design and coordination of all the contradictions of power structure (spirit)?

(writing) principle: the separation of the three powers, checks and balances

Students:The "check and balance" principle (restriction of power, balance of interest).

Teacher: the separation of the three powers, checks and balances principle from which enlightenment thinkers?

Student: Montesquieu

Teacher: America 1787 Constitution will be Montesquieu's three powers thought from theory to reality.

Division:Please use the learned knowledge to do a case analysis ", please find out the mistakes in the case". (show "case analysis")

Case analysis:

Some students write the central government responsibility American historical essay, made the following statement. Would you please point out mistakes in the paper.

In late eighteenth Century, USA have a president in office, he appointed a classmate friend for the justice of the Supreme Court did not agree with the Congress, due to personal problems, he can avoid the judges. After the president in order to win re-election, specially with voters, deny Congress "to increase the personal income tax" bill, Congress may, after congress discussion again, and finally to the total number of 2 / 3 more by. The president was not happy, again veto and announced the dissolution of Parliament, but the big be the Supreme Court's announcement the president act is unconstitutional, the president is very... ...

Students:(find out "teaching case of" mistakes: omitted)

Division:Analysis of students that everyone on the America constitution have right understanding, a founding father of a country are the America is also use their wisdom to solve the difficulties faced in the early days American. Future generations is how to evaluate the Constitution?

(multimedia slide show an example)

"The reason why our constitution is, is that it is simple. It is a cornerstone of, rather than an entire building. Or the metaphorical proverb: it is the root, not perfection of rattan"

                                                                            President - USA Wilson

"A look to God for giving free people, did not take the first step and give African freedom should not be."

- USA black leader Martin Ruud Kim

Thinking: the combination of teaching content, talk about your understanding of America constitution of 1787 and explain the reason

(writing) evaluation

(the teacher should guide the students to answer the questions, and pay attention to the basic method, summarizes the evaluation on historical phenomenon of students history thinking ability.)

Students:The Federal Constitution (constitution of 1787 USA America) is the world's first written constitution.

The role: to strengthen the America power of the central government, the USA become a truly united nation; the establishment of the Republic, power restriction, avoid the absolute power, to a certain extent to protect the bourgeois democracy; the contradiction between the central and local governments, the size of the state, the South and the North, the solid foundation for the long-term stability and prosperity of American society. Also provides a reference for the construction of the bourgeois political system of other countries. (for example, the "provisional constitution of the Republic of China")

 The constitution is not the abolition of slavery in the south, the total population of 5 black equivalent to 3 people to calculate the southern states, playing on racial discrimination.

Division:Just the classmates from different angles to talk about their understanding of American constitution, and discussed from different angles. Judge of things and there is no standard only specific, but must use the facts speak, to do theory from the history. From the understanding of the students, I found all over the America 1787 Constitution gave a high praise. The constitutional principle American Republic politics become an operational reality, so that the American catch up from behind from a weak country to become a world power, mechanism and principle of the Constitution also deeply affected the political development in many countries in the world and the practice of the constitution, which established the position of play a decisive role. Not only that, the most important USA constitution historical significance lies in the Renaissance in Europe since human for rational political pursuit into reality, opened up a new era of human beings against authoritarian democracy. As the British politician William Gladstone said:

(the teacher shows slides)

USA 1787 Constitution "is so far, in the specific historical period of human wisdom and the will to create the most wonderful masterpiece."

William Gladstone, British politician

Division:We also study British representative, excuse me, the British bourgeois revolution after the establishment of the political system of what?

Students:Constitutional monarchy.

Division:(multimedia show the British monarchy and American Republic slides)

Division:Please according to the two chart, combined with the learned knowledge, try from the source and distribution of power angle to compare similarities and differences America Republic and the British constitutional monarchy.

(teacher)

Students:The same: power comes from the people, is a representative democracy system.

Different: USA practice the separation of the three powers, Britain Xu Jun politics, the cabinet is responsible to the assembly.

Division: can we say USA republic system than the British monarchy system superiority (good)? And explain the reason.

Students:Can't. (the reason omitted)

Division:A social system is advanced, mainly to see whether it is suitable for the national conditions, can promote the progress of productivity development and social civilization. American Republic and the British monarchy is the western democratic politics in different countries have different manifestations, have promoted their respective state capitalist economic prosperity and social development, become today the developed capitalist countries, so we can't say the American Republic than the British monarchy system advanced. As long as it is for their own, that is the best!

DivisionThe development of Political Civilization: from the point of view, these two kinds of system reflects the historical trend and how?

Students:The establishment and development of Western democratic politics has become a development trend of world history.

Division:Please according to the knowledge of our democratic system construction, from the political angle, talk about them on our socialist democratic and political construction enlightenment.

Students:(discussion)

Division:(Guide) to strengthen the people's Congress construction, safeguard the people's democracy; to strengthen the supervision to the government power, to avoid the absolute power, prevent corruption; in order to build Chinese conditions of socialist political democracy, promoting China's socialist construction. Ignoring the national, blindly copy completely in the construction of political civilization is not etc..

(rings, class)

Division:Today's lesson we learn here, hope to inspire the students.

[designs]

USA constitution of 1787

Content

 

The dilemma, the constitution of 1787  Principle: the separation of the three powers, checks and balances

 

Evaluation

 

Teaching comments

Fang Xianlai Research Institute of education and teaching in Wenzhou

He Yindan teacher coach "American constitution of 1787" has three characteristics.

1, on the core knowledge. This textbook has a total of four orders. "Young American dilemma", "restriction of power, balance the interests of the constitution", "from the 'Confederacy' to 'federal'", "the two party system prototype". In the traditional teaching view and the view of knowledge, the four is to teach, but in the context of the new curriculum, "learning materials, teaching material is" is based on the curriculum standards rather than textbooks, therefore, choose what knowledge content of teaching the course should first consider the question. Miao teacher in dealing with the course content, can fasten the core knowledge of the lesson, around the "which is the core of USA 1787 Constitution, main contents and the federal power structure" to organize the teaching, by cutting out the superfluous, outstanding key, solves the new textbook knowledge more content and teaching time limited contradictions.

2, the creation of the problem situation. Can better realize the goal of "process and method" in the classroom teaching, this is a point of the new curriculum is different from the traditional curriculum is very important. The creation of the problem situation is to achieve the goal of more effective teaching strategies. So the teaching situation four problems, one is "the constitution to ensure federal power" four questions for the situation, guide the students to explore, through the problem solving to enable students to understand the American 1787 Constitution, main contents and the federal power structure; two is the "case analysis" for the situation, use the knowledge of the discrimination to parliament, President, the authority of the court, so that the students to deepen USA 1787 the main contents of the Constitution and federal power structure understanding; three is to USA President Wilson and America black leader Martin Ruud gold on 1787 American constitutional commentary for a situation, let the students talk about understanding of USA constitution; four in "sketch" and "British monarchy power structure schematic diagram of" power structure American federal context, the specific problems, compare the similarities and differences USA Republic and the British constitutional monarchy. The teacher also cleverly situation of these four questions were placed in classes, classes, class at the beginning of the tail, the whole class more lively, relaxation degree, rich rhythm.

3, the formation of core value. "Wang Ling side as a peak, near and far different level", evaluation of America constitution of 1787 and the democratic system can have different conclusions. But the lesson will American constitution of 1787 and the democratic system construction in the special context of, especially by comparing the similarities and differences on American Republic and of the British monarchy, to enable students to understand the political democratization is the trend of history, diversity also enable students to understand the Democratic politics. By revealing the characteristics of constitution, make the students feel the creativity America a founding father of a country's political wisdom and human.

Of course, no one is perfect, no class after class, if the course in the conception of the full point, teachers are the group cooperative learning in the organization of students strategy to improve a bit, this course will be more splendid.