From:Http://gjx4951.blog.163.com/blog/static/679371832010198335460/

"4.29" the railway traffic accidents
April 29, 1997 ten forty-eight  Train rear end conflict  The death of 126 people)



  Ten forty-eight on April 29, 1997, there were 324 passenger trains and 818 passenger train rear end conflict traffic accidents on the line Hunan Province Rong Jia Wan station.
  One, the accident
  (a) overview
  Ten forty-eight on April 29, 1997, 1453 kilometers of 914 meters Rong Jia Wan Station 324 times train to Beijing Guangzhou line Kunming to Zhengzhou, and 818 passenger train tail conflict stopped at the station 4, cause 324 passenger trains machine after 1 to 9 subversion, 10 to 11 derailment; 818 passenger train machine 15 to 17 (tail 3) overthrow.
  (two) after
  In April 29, 1997, 818 passenger trains (Changsha -- Cha Ling) the grouping of 17 units, the total weight of 901 tons, driven by the Changsha ND2 type locomotive No. 222 locomotive driver, Li Rui, deputy driver Li Wei and Changsha train running long Luo Jianhua play by play, Changsha passenger passenger cabin. The train arrived at Ten thirty-five Rong Jia Wan Station 4 road parking, plan to avoid bus 324.
  324 passenger trains (Kunming -- Zhengzhou) the grouping of 17 units, the total weight of 882 tons, driven by the locomotive No. DF42520 Changsha locomotive depot, the driver Li Jianwen, deputy driver Chen Yong and Changsha train operation commander Tan Liejun as locomotive, Zhengzhou passenger transport paragraph as passenger crew. The train station after ten forty-two Xiuqiao by Huang, Rong Jia Wan Station Attendant Ceng Haiquan signal layout member Li Manjuan for train 324 II Road exit signal. The 324 train by Rong Jia Wan Station stop signal lights in green, to No. 12 turnout, the driver found the train route is wrong, immediately take emergency braking, parking time, conflict and stopped at the station 4 818 passenger train tail.
  Two, site investigation, identification and simulation test
  (a) train collision time, location and site condition
  Conflict of time: Ten forty-eight on April 29, 1997.
  The place of conflict: the Jingguang railway 1453 kilometers 914 meters. (Rong Jia Wan Station 4).
  Locomotive, vehicle accident on May 2nd at seven forty-eight all recovery, the restoration of normal traffic.
  (two) deaths and losses
  1 casualties: the traffic accident killed 126 people, injured 48 people, injured 182 people.
  2 traffic equipment damage: locomotives scrapped 1, passenger cars scrapped 11 vehicles, 3 vehicles, broken broken 1 vehicles, 1 vehicles damaged small break, line 415 meters, 4155300 yuan in direct economic losses.
  (three) the equipment status and accident related
  The signalman in for the 324 time the 1 main through route has not found any abnormal console, the light band display correctly. After the verification of the console and unlock disc seals keep complete; 12, reverse switch position opened 4, without any damage of turnout.
  (four) the train running monitor and record device retrieval
  The 324 time this locomotive DF4 type No. 2520 train running monitor and record device host (length - 016), from the locomotive sealing connection unloading the evacuation of Yueyang locomotive depot dump retrieval.
  Record data:
  Signal display: 324 train at nine thirty-five from Changsha to drive Rong Jia Wan Station signal, the display lights.
  Stop speed: Rong Jia Wan Station, 117 km per hour.
  The wind pressure of the train pipe: Rong Jia Wan Station of 600000 PA to 1454 kilometers, 12 meters, pressure of 550 kPa, 3 seconds to zero.
  Crash location: 1453 km 914 meters.
  Retrieval results show that: 324 the train into the Rong Jia Wan Station signal display green light, the 1 line is passed. The locomotive crew found wrong into orbit, immediately take emergency measures.
  (five) the cause of the accident simulation test
  On 9 May 3, 1997 03 to ten twenty-six, technical investigation group according to the "approval of 4 · 29" accident investigation team "the 4.29 serious accident investigation team simulation test outline", the scene simulation test in April 29th 324 passenger trains and 818 passenger train tail conflict reason. The results of simulation experiment show the cause of the accident.
  Three, the wrong connection diodes made Tao days
  After investigation, simulation test and analysis results show that, the cause and process of the traffic accident is: in April 29th 8 when make, Changsha paragraph Rong Jia Wan signal area foreman Wu Rongzhong, Hao Renzhong, Xie Lanying to arrange signal Rong Jia Wan Station of No. 12 turnout section to cable box switch and semaphore south. The wiring arrangement, with terminal splenic and internal cleaning, Wu Rongzhong himself as a link in the signal tower. About eight thirty, Xie Lanying walk to Rong Jia Wan Station of No. 14 turnout, start on the 14 cable box cleaning, with terminal card number; Hao is riding a bicycle to No. 12 turnout at the beginning of operation, Hao first open the switch No. 12 XB transformer box, half the 1 end to cable off, unauthorized the use of diode sealing connection, 1, No. 3 (now No. 12 terminals are sealed and connected switch in position), then the HZ 24 cable box is opened, the wiring arrangement. At ten twenty-two, the station for the 818 time the passenger train into the 4 meet the car line, Hao Renzhong found No. 12 turnout by positioning to reverse, immediately call to ask Wu "now ascending what car into 4" Wu "is the 818 answer?". Wu told Hao "after the 818 pit stop I take the car", and Hao stop operation. The Ten thirty-five train, 818 into the 4 road parking, Hao Renzhong used the telephone contact with Wu Rongzhong, asked "uplink and car", "Wu answered up a car". But Hao is not timely will diode sealing connection unloading, recovery of 1 terminal cable, but sitting in the toolbox and chat groups was Rong Jia Wan works area trackwalker peng. At ten forty-two, the station for the 324 time the passenger train E through route, console II ascending import station signals show green, II through approach display white belt, No. 12 turnout display positioning (because the Hao diode sealing connection not unloaded, bypassing the 1 terminal line missed, so No. 12 turnout actually still in reverse). When Hao long see 324 trains will stop, not the diode to unload, recovery of 1 terminal cable, also do not take measures to stop the train, but hide the car at the side, until the 324 and the 818 tail conflict. After the accident, Wu Rongzhong in the operating room to call Hao Renzhong, asked Hao "Is it right? You supported what equipment, to check". Hao calls, hurried back to the 12 switch XB box, the diode sealing connection unloading, recovery of 1 terminal cable, riding a bicycle to leave the scene.
  Four, the conclusion
  The direct cause of the accident is: Changsha paragraph Rong Jia Wan signal area signal worker Hao is the No. 12 turnout cable wiring box finishing homework, past the station attendant, will switch No. 12 XB transformer box No. 1 terminal cable off, resulting in No. 12 turnout in the anti position not to rotate and position; unauthorized use of diode sealing connection, l, 3 terminals are sealed and connected by No. 12 point positioning, false representation, destroyed 12 turnouts and II through the interlocking signal. Hao Ren is the 818 stop after the train and found 324 trains will stop, neither will the diode to unload, recovery of 1 terminal cable, do not stop the train, the 324 passenger trains through the II should enter 4, collided and stopped at 818 times the road passenger train the tail.
  Therefore, the direct responsibility of the accident is still Changsha paragraph Rong Jia Wan signal area signal worker hao.
  Five, the nature of the accident
  Nature of the accident, there are two opinions. A thought: This is in the process of production accidents. Another kind thinks: This is illegal operations caused by accidents.
  Six, responsible for handling suggestions
  To constitute a crime in this accident, suggest their criminal responsibilities shall be investigated by judicial organs according to law; the other is responsible for the relevant personnel, led by the Ministry of supervision suggestions, supervision department of the Ministry of Railways to deal with according to the relevant provisions.
  Seven, the lesson from the accident and suggestions
  The accident lesson is painful. The accident reflects Rong Jia Wan times number area field operation control, signal interlocking equipment, lack of effective monitoring means, when the device is destroyed by man, cannot obtain the effective monitoring, at the same time, also exposed the Changsha paragraph lax management, weak against.
  To learn lessons from the accident, it is advisable to take the following measures:
  (a) from the thinking, firmly establish the concept of safety first
  In the current railway transport is very busy circumstances, must correctly handle the relationship between safety and efficiency, and effectively solve the contradiction between transportation production and equipment repair, strengthen safety management, ensure the safety of railway transportation.
  (two) to take preventive measures from the technical means
  To increase content of science and technology, the advanced redundant technology, to improve the reliability of signal interlocking equipment. Poetic couplet lock equipment to implement microcomputer control, automatic recording, automatic alarm, maximize the monitoring device, to prevent the accidents caused by human factors.
  (three) should strengthen the management to strengthen control of work
  Influence on the letter, stock, growth the normal operation of the equipment repair work, should strictly implement the double operation system, strengthening the work of mutual control, electric car, inter departmental joint control. Strict and repair work, points of contact, registration system, strengthen the daily repair and construction inspection guidance, plug security management on the net, the effective implementation of various safety measures
  (four) the need to reform the existing signal repair system
  The contradiction to solve equipment repair and use, the need to reform the existing signal repair system, change now use repair method running interval, scattered points, signal equipment necessary repair work included in the monthly plan or the "repair method of roof".
  (five) prevention to strengthen safety in key parts of the
  In the accident as a lesson, immediately in the whole range of extensive an "anti illegal, anti sabotage, ensure safety, ensure smooth" activities, strengthening the railway public security prevention and security key parts, review and strictly key types of work, improve the staff's political awareness and vigilance, to prevent damage, we should be especially vigilant in the operation process of destruction.




"7.29" the railway accident
(in trouble made private insurance)
One, the accident survey
            1998Years7Month29Day, Xinxiang Xinxiang railway section signal section with the replacement of old Tian an uplink4No.,10Speed switch.4No.6Number and8No.10For double action switch (No.8No.,6Turnouts in7Month27DayComplete replacement). BecauseOn the downside, crossover switch effect range, in order to reduce interference to railway transportation.7Month29In the replacement of old Tian An station uplink4No.,10Speed switch, Xinxiang paragraph according to requirements for railway telegraph line6No.,8Turnouts technical measures were taken, the turnout by works nailed a straight, the station confirmed lock, by station assigned leadership care nailed turnout positioning. In order to prevent6No.,8Turnouts wrong action,7Month27DayElectrical construction personnel will be the speed raising turnout combination startup insurance unplug, plan7Month29After the completion of daily essentials20Minutes, up and down the blockade at the same time, the station to point before the new plug in to start the insurance, then do double turnout linkage test.7Month29Day8When the30Points, the construction personnel relay indoor, in not to up and down while blocking time, error8No. Switch startup insurance plug, at the same time, letter chain closed relay contacts,8When the39Electrical construction personnel into the10Turnouts test, the8Turnouts midway conversion error. Cause568Passenger train machine12,13,14,15A derailment. Small break caused by bus4A break down mainline traffic7Hours21Divided. A traffic accident.
Two, analysis of the causes of
              The cause of the major traffic accidents are: construction workers indoor electric, before receiving the skylight to the point of order, a serious violation of electrical safety regulations, sealed and connected relay contact, who will8Turnouts starting insurance plug, and electric test personnel to hear10The test requirements of turnouts request, does not confirm the console and8Turnouts starting insurance is plugged in568Train route has been established in the case of the blind, the10Turnouts test, the linkage to8No. The turnout conversion error halfway, cause568Train derailment.
Three, the responsibility of the accident
                Responsibility unit: Xinxiang paragraph
Four, the lesson from the accident
          1Construction safety control is not in place. Construction organization and the lack of targeted measures. So that in the key construction process has not been effectively controlled. Especially in recent years, tube continuously changing speed-up switches, did not appear to affect traffic and personal safety problems. The paralysis of thought on the part of cadres, construction caused by poor organization, improper technical measures.
         2Cadre Bao, implementation is not in place. Although the effective construction scheme formulated prior to construction, the cadres at all levels in the package security duties, but the scene in the job in charge of cadre Bao did not reach the designated position, not to stare post on the key link of cadres. Indoor construction responsible person not on unity of command in the driving room console, causing the construction chaos, operating out of control,8Turnouts starting early errors in insurance.
        3Weijian bus accident measures, poor implementation, on the bus didn't do high style, Yan Yidang. Particularly in the construction operation, handle the passenger train route, there is no strict card to implement control measures. Construction is completed when the experiment, violation of one man operation Weijian passenger accident ", a person, need to open the switch signal, to get the station attendant agreed rules can be used only for the". Station attendant, appointment of cadres, the train route is established, not on the console, to maintain staff not to stop blind operation of turnouts.
              4Construction technology, personnel arrangement unreasonable, main technical cadres are not glued to each key position construction on the construction. Three signal technology department cadres are arranged in outdoor work post, respectively in the operating room, key positions and mechanical room, no major technical cadres Bao Bao, resulting in construction operation out of control, the key link of construction work has not been effectively controlled.
               5, Construction safety prevention measures are not careful. Outdoor switch electric switch machine safety breaker without the person responsible for the disconnection protection, indoor switch startup insurance not to designate a person responsible for pulling, inserting and designate a person verification.
              6, The hook lock device installation position and the reinforcement effect has no specific provisions. Switch to the new replacement. Tongue tip rail part of implementing the measures for strengthening the new post, hook lock device installation position from the point too far, weakened the locking ability due. Underestimation of new power electric switch machine, follow the traditional approach of turnout reinforcement.
             7, The replacement of speed raising turnout at. Compared with fixed method to replace wooden sleeper common switch. Into the wood after the splint fixed. In the switch misoperation, not to the security, protection.
Five, to take measures
      1, seriously implement the safety production responsibility system step by step, strict cadre Bao responsibility. The key link of Bao Bao cadres should master the construction safety, and as a package to ensure the cadre responsibility. Construction plan should be a clear division of labor, the key security and with the Department must be responsible. Responsible for the construction must adhere to the operating room unified command. Key position of indoor and outdoor, competent cadres must be responsible for arranging, control the key link.
            2, Strengthen the construction safety management, revise and improve security measures, banned the closure of even the relay contacts, said insurance on disassembly switch starting, operation of opening closing the electric switch machine safety contact, test switch position, signal display key, must strictly implement the double double Gang, confirm each other, security and mutual control;Linkage switch end test must be two-way approach also blocked; train the deal, interlocking relations approach switch the test ban. In the construction of signal equipment, switch to start the insurance to establish management system.
           3, Interlocking test must be carried out strictly operated by one person, a person, one of the three "single command", to ensure the system construction work orderly and controllable. Outstanding safety bus, test to avoid the bus, to ensure the absolute safety of passenger car.
          4, The spike plywood nailed according to turnout setting fixed standard, fixed point by the person responsible for inspection. To conduct a clean-up of the global hook lock device, to prevent damage of the hook lock device for on-line use, use and management to further improve the hook lock device.





       "10.29" the railway accident
       (a connection point is offended disaster)




A,  The accident survey
                   1999Years10Month29Day6When the55Branch, Kunming to Chongqing162Passenger train (17Car,968Tons, length40.3) run to the Sichuan Chongqing branch pipe line Xiao Nan Ya Railway Station9~11Turnouts, machine14BitYZ43039,15BitYZ43027,16BitKD98230The derailment, no casualties. The bus is broken2A small break, generator car1Car; interruption Lane5Hours34Divided. A passenger train derailment accident.
Two,  Analysis of the causes of
              1,The traffic controller on the train operation order without clear aims, bad command. Blind layout of Xiao Nan Ya Railway Station3304 Goods train to pass, so that the line tension caused by adjacent station3304Xiao Nan Ya Railway Station2The main Park Road1Hours, resulting in bus162From small Nan Wu Station1Road side by.
              2,When the162Passenger train at Xiao Nan Ya Railway Station by9~11On the reverse position switch1Through time, station attendant and illegal pre arrangement8842Time1Road route, drive9~11The intermediate conversion, weight induced by train derailment.
            3,Electrical construction seriously violated the "Regulations twelve prohibited", the illegal use of insurance tube sealing9~11No. Switch locking relay contact, causing interlock failure. The construction is finished neither recheck test, and forget to remove the protective tube, buried great hidden danger to the accident.
Three,  The responsibility of the accident
                   Responsibility unit: Chongqing paragraph
Four,  To take measures
                   The accident as a negative example, education communication system workers deep check the job site construction, fault handling, equipment repair three key violation phenomenon, improve knowledge, put an end to the illegal.

                               
  
The mainland 30 years 8 major railway accident

In December 16th 78368 times 87 times in the middle of Yangzhuang Longhai railway station of Nanjing to Xining and Xi'an to Xuzhou collided, killing 106 people.

In July 9th 81Chengdu Kunming railway line in Niger to Hejian Li Zi Yi Da railway bridge, 442 trains crashed into the river, killing 130 people dead and missing, 146 wounded.

In January 24th 88The 80 express train bound for Kunming, Shanghai, to the line of expensive elder brother and midday to Deng Jia Cun, double side occurred, killed 88 people, injured 62 people, injured 140 people. Railways minister Ding Guangen to resign.

In March 24th 88The 311 train from Nanjing to Hangzhou, to the Shanghai outer ring Kuang Xiang station, train 208 times and was in Changsha to Shanghai collided, causing passengers and railway employees killed 28 people, including teachers, students killed 27 people in japan.

In July 10th 93Beijing to Chengdu 163 train to Xinxiang Beijing Guangzhou line south field to camp seven, and a truck collided, killing 40 people, injured 9 people, injured 39 people.

In April 29th 97The 324 train from Kunming to Zhengzhou, Rong Jia Wan to the Beijing Guangzhou Line 1 trains collided with another, killed 126 people, injured 45 people, injured 185 people.

In January 23rd 08Accident occurred in Beijing to Qingdao Quartet EMU train D59 to Jiaoji line Anqiu to Changyi, causing 18 deaths and 9 injuries.

In April 28th 08Beijing to Qingdao train T195 to Shandong to Wangcun Zhoucun Jiaoji railway between off-line, collided with the 5034 bus from Yantai to Xuzhou, the current has caused 70 deaths, 416 people were injured.
Electrical safety system
Referred to as the "three do not move, three not to leave"


Three no move
1Don't move, not registration link
2Performance of the equipment, do not know do not move
3, is being used in the equipment (that has dealt with a route or block device) does not move
Three don't leave
1, work is done, not thorough test is from
2, without affecting the normal use of equipment defects not fixed before (temporarily overcome shortcomings, should be repaired first disabled)
3The equipment is abnormal, did not find out the reason not to leave

Electrical maintenance and troubleshooting of safety system
Referred to as the "seven prohibited"
1, bypassing the interlock condition, borrow the power equipment operation
2Sealing, even all kinds of signal equipment electrical contacts
3The temporary line, pull in the track circuit on the circuit caused by dead interval, treatment failure or blind method for sending short track circuit to improve voltage
4, color light signal lights off, replaced by other sources
5Artificial structure, channel Cha false representation
6The use of the hand, not registration points converting switch
7Traffic officers, instead of pressing a button, check conversion switch, route, blocking and open signal