The first chapter is the introduction
 Constitution: the constitution is a component of the law, it reflects the actual comparison between the various political forces concentrated, provisions of cardinal tasks and system of the state, social system, national system principle and the state power and citizen's basic rights obligations. The constitution is the fundamental law, the highest legal effect.
 The Constitution and the law:
1, it is the will of the ruling class, are the specific program enacted into law
2, by the state power to ensure the implementation of the will of the ruling class performance
 Lenin said: "the constitutional essence is: all the country's basic law and about the election of representative organs of the voting rights and the representative organs of the limits of the law, have demonstrated a practical comparison between various forces in the class struggle.
 The different characteristics of the Constitution and other laws:
 The constitution is the fundamental law
1, the content of the Constitution: the constitution is the most fundamental, the country's most important system and the most basic national policy.
The effectiveness of the 2, constitution: the constitution has the highest position in the whole legal system, legislation of other general laws
3, the Constitution: the constitution is the fundamental rules of behavior
The formulation of the 4 constitution, and modify the program: the formulation and revision of the constitution than other general legal procedures more stringent
5, in a certain sense, the Constitution and the law are the strength comparison between classes performance
 Revision of the Constitution in our country:
Proposal: above the Standing Committee of the NPC deputies to the National People's Congress, 1/5
By: 2/3 above the National People's Congress
American constitutional amendment must be agreed by both houses of Congress members of the 2/3, or 2/3 State Council request and a constituent assembly, can we put forward; and the amendment must be approved by the State Council or the 3/4 3/4 state constitutional convention.
 Classification of constitution:
1, to the essence of the constitution as the division standard, divided into the socialist constitution and constitution of two types of capitalism.
2, the constitution has uniform code form as the standard, divided into the written constitution and the unwritten constitution two.
 The written constitution: constitution is a unified code form of the constitution. All the basic right and obligation system, fundamental form and citizen political organization of the relevant countries to a code form and legal effect, is a written constitution. Division of a written constitution and the unwritten constitution criterion is whether the constitution has the uniform code form. Cheng Wenxian has the highest legal effect on a country's legal system.
 The unwritten constitution: the unwritten constitution refers to the form of the constitution of a country code of origin is not uniform, but in habit, or scattered in several constitutional document, or the legal precedent. The unwritten constitution is not absolutely no words, but do not have the uniform code form. As the British constitution is the unwritten constitution.
The differences between the 3, in effect and modify the program as the standard, divided into flexible and rigid constitution constitution.
    Rigid Constitution: rigid constitution, based on the effectiveness and modify the program is different, can be divided into rigid and flexible Constitution Constitution constitution. Where the effect of higher than general law, constitutional amendments must be more complex and rigorous process than the general law of the constitution, is called the rigid constitution.
Flexible constitution: flexible constitution, where the validity and the general laws of the same procedures to amend the constitution, also the same with the general law of the constitution, is called the flexible constitution. The British constitution is called flexible constitution. The implemented method is better than the former method principle, does not believe that the constitution has the highest legal effect.
4, to develop different organs as the standard, divided into the imperial constitution, constitution made by the people, the agreement constitutional
    Imperial Constitution: Imperial constitution, according to the constitution of the organs of different, can put the constitution set the constitution as the imperial constitution, the Constitution and the civil agreement. Whoever formulated and promulgated by the constitution, known as the imperial constitution. The 1889 constitution of the great Japanese Empire is the imperial constitution.
Constitution: the constitution shows agreement agreement, where the monarchy and national assembly agreement and Constitution called the agreement constitutional. French emperor Louis? Philip and congressional agreement and the 1830 agreement constitution is the constitution.
People set Constitution: the Constitution made by the people, and by the national representative body, the constituent organ or by the "national vote" vote on the Constitution Constitution made for the people. USA constitution, the French constitution are farmers constitution.
Constitution: constitution is the sum of legal norms to adjust the social system, the national system's fundamental principle and the state power and citizen's basic rights and obligations of social relations.
 The constitution after the adjustment of social relations:
1, the relationship between the state and citizens
2, the state organs inside
The relationship between the 3, the state organs and state organs
4, national and ethnic groups, enterprises, institutions, and other social organizations
 The characteristics of the constitution:
1, the highest of
2, extensive
3, the principle of
4, general
5, adaptability
6, no specific punitive
 The origin of the constitution refers to the form of the specification, which is the carrier of constitutional norms. The constitutional origin situation: constitution, the amendment of the constitution, constitutional law, constitutional jurisprudence, constitutional interpretation, constitutional convention, treaty, science
Which belong to our country constitutional origin is: the constitution, the amendment of the constitution, constitutional law, constitutional interpretation, constitutional convention
The current constitution of our country system: a total of 138, the 31 amendment of the constitution, the modified 4 times
Constitution: referred to as the creation, is refers to the constitution, the framers of the constitution according to certain guiding ideology and principle of constitutional norm activities create.
The revision of the Constitution: referred to as constitutional amendments to the constitution, that is, refers to the competent authority in accordance with legal procedures, certain provisions of the constitutional text word or structure to change, add or delete activity.
The oldest written constitution in the world was enacted in 1787, the constitution of the United States, there are 27 amendments to the constitution.
The new Chinese constitutional mode:
1, a comprehensive revision, to draft a new constitution text. China's 1975 constitutional amendment, the 1978 constitutional amendment and the 1982 constitution, all adopt this way.
2, by the National People's Congress resolution part of the Constitution can be modified by the way.
3, by the National People's Congress adopted amendments to the constitution amendment to the constitution of the part, and the amendment in sequence in the text of the constitution at the end of the way.
The constitutional explanation is that the framers of the constitution or constitutional provisions enjoy according to constitutional interpretation of the state organs in the implementation of the constitution, the content limits and spiritual explanation. Belongs to the Standing Committee of National People's Congress the power to interpret the constitution of our country.
The general principles of the constitution:
1, the principle of the sovereignty of the people
The western most early proposed the concept of sovereignty is the French thinker Podan. Later, Rousseau founded the theory of people's sovereignty. The people's sovereignty theory promoted the early bourgeois revolution, is the theoretical basis USA "Declaration of independence" and the French "Declaration of human rights".
2, the principle of human rights
3, the principle of the rule of law
4, the principle of "separation of powers"
The British bourgeois Enlightenment thinker Rock's first season in the modern theory of separation of powers. Montesquieu completed the "separation of powers" theory.
The basic principles of the constitution of the PRC:
1, adhere to the four cardinal principles
2, the principle of people-oriented
3, the principle of the rule of law
4, the principle of democratic centralism
Constitutional role:
1, consolidate and norms of state power
2, to protect the basic rights of citizens
3, to promote the coordinated development of Three Civilizations
(1) the constitution of our country to promote and guarantee the construction of material civilization
(2) the constitution of our country to promote and guarantee the construction of socialist political civilization
(3) the constitution of our country to promote and guarantee the construction of socialist spiritual civilization
4, the constitution plays a necessary role in terms of
The system of constitutional supervision refers to a specific state organs according to certain procedures, examine whether the ruling laws, and regulations and administrative command and other normative documents in accordance with the constitution, in order to maintain the authority of the constitution, to ensure implementation of the Constitution and constitutional rights protection system.
The basic types of constitutional supervision:
1, the supervision of the people
2, the legislature of the constitutional supervision
The constitution supervision 3, heads of state
4 common court, constitutional supervision. 1801 Marbury v. Madison case.
5, the constitutional court's constitutional supervision. Austria has established the special court of constitution
The content of the constitution supervision:
1, whether the censorship laws, regulations and regulatory documents other contravene the Constitution
2, to examine the state organs and their staff behavior is consistent with the Constitution
3, review all political parties, organizations, enterprises and other organization behavior is consistent with the constitution.
The main way to supervise the implementation of the Constitution:
1, prior review. Prior review: prior review is a form of constitutional supervision mode, also called preventive review, refers to a way of the relevant authorities shall review the constitutionality of laws, rules and regulations in the. It refers to the process of making laws and other regulations, by the specialized agencies to review the constitutionality, if found to be unconstitutional, can immediately amend, correct, in order to avoid the adverse consequences in the formulation and effect. Prior review can ensure the scientific, logical and standardize the internal legal system of a country, to maintain the highest legal effect of constitution.
2, post review. After the examination: examination is a kind of constitutional supervision mode, refers to a specific organ to have effective legal, laws and regulations in the implementation process or in the application process, because the constitutionality of the doubt and review it, or because of certain units and specific person law, regulations relating to compliance with the the Constitution's request, to be examined. The results of the review is declared invalid, the law regulation. Most countries in the world have adopted post review.
3, incidental review. The incidental review: the incidental review, a form of constitutional supervision mode. Is a classification or partitioning according to laws and regulations, the supervision of the constitutional process has no litigation or dispute, also known as the review of specific review or case, different from the abstract review. Specifically refers to the judiciary or the constitutional court in the trial of constitution supervision organ specific litigation process, because of the laws and regulations, the applicable is unconstitutional, and review the law, rules of behavior. USA implementing this system, where the Supreme Court declared unconstitutional laws, not only the Supreme Court no longer references, and lower courts are no longer referenced.
4, constitutional complaint. Constitutional complaint: Constitutional accusation refers to the basic rights of individual citizens have the right guaranteed by the constitution is violated and lodged a complaint with the constitutional court, a system requires the constitutional court to review the law, legal documents and the behavior of the constitutionality.
Constitutional Interpretation -- -- the National People's Congress Standing Committee
-- -- the National People's Congress, the amendment to the Constitution
Supervise the implementation of the Constitution -- -- the National People's Congress and its Standing Committee
China's use of the legislature to exercise the constitutional supervision authority, and in subsequent examination and review.

The second chapter of the historical development of the Constitution
In seventeenth Century, the British constitution is the pioneer of modern constitution. (come to) the Great Britain is the earliest form of unwritten constitution state.
The world's first written constitution is the constitution of the United States in 1787 "". In continental Europe's first written constitution is "the French constitution". In 1791 France established the first constitution. The constitution of the "Declaration of human rights" in the constitution of the first.
The constitution of the historical conditions: has the profound social and economic conditions, ideological and political conditions of his generation.
The establishment and expansion of the capitalist relations of production is the social and economic conditions of the Constitution
The eighteenth Century European Qimeng thinker's merit lies in, they for the bourgeoisie seized power and establish a bourgeois democratic constitutionalism provides a powerful theoretical weapon. This is the constitution theory conditions.
From the political conditions of the premise, constitution is feudalism regime into a capitalist regime.
The capitalist constitutional role:
1, the constitution is to prevent the revival of the feudal weapon.
2, the constitution is the bourgeois adjusting internal contradictions, maintaining social stability and tools. The capitalist constitution has concealment, deception.
The Constitution and the trend of modern capitalism:
1, to adapt to the requirements of the bourgeois reactionary monopoly, strengthening the state power, the expansion of executive power
2, toward the democratic forces to make certain concessions
In 1918 July formulated the "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic constitution (Gen Benfa)", this was the first socialist constitution.
In 1908 September promulgated the "imperial constitution outline" and the great creed promulgated October 10, 1911 "" (referred to as the "Nineteen principles") is the constitutional document Chinese modern history, the earliest.
January 1, 1912 promulgated the "provisional constitution" is a capitalist democratic constitutional documents.
Cao Kun issued the "constitution of the Republic of China in October 10, 1923" (constitution of bribery).
In 1946 the "constitution of the Republic of China" is a confirmation of the Kuomintang despotic dictatorship rule of constitution.
1931 November held the first National Congress of the Soviet Jiangxi peasants and soldiers in Ruijin, adopted the "constitution of the Soviet Republic of China" (hereinafter referred to as the "constitution"), is the first working people personally make democratic constitution in the history of china.
In 1941 October promulgated the "ShanGanNing Border Region" the implementation of the "three three system" principle
Three different constitution requires three different forces:
1, from the Qing Dynasty, the northern warlords, the Kuomintang to pseudo constitution made by Jiang Jieshi
2, the bourgeois democratic republic constitution
3, is led by the working class, the people's Republic of China and based on the worker peasant alliance constitution, which in the people's revolution has been established according to the seed, in the new China become reality.
In September 29, 1949, the first plenary session of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference passed the "the people's Political Consultative Conference common program", play a provisional constitution in China at the beginning of the founding role.
54 years of the constitution:
Confirm that the citizen shall be equal before the law. Confirm the principle of socialism and people's democracy principle
75 years of the constitution:
Cancel the right to inherit private property of citizens on a series of ultra leftist urban and rural economic policy; cancel the president system; cancel the procuratorial organ, and the procuratorial functions into the public security organs; cancel the stipulation that all citizens are equal before the law, the abolition of the citizen rights and freedoms material guarantee
78 years of the constitution:
At or above the county level shall be established by local people's congresses at the county level people's Congress Standing Committee; the by indirect election to direct election; supervision between the superior procuratorial organs to leadership; the provisions about the constitution citizens have the "Da Ming, large posters, debate," rights. 82 years of the constitution:
88 years of the first session of the seven National People's Congress passed the two amendment, the right to the use of land may be transferred according to law
93 years of the first session of the eight National People's Congress passed the nine amendment, the theory of building socialism with Chinese characteristics was established as the pointer, the political consultation system will exist and develop for a long time, the State practices the socialist market economy, the county people's Congress of a term of 3 years instead of 5 years
99 years, two session of the nine national people's Congress passed the six amendment, the non-public sectors of the economy, is an important component part of the socialist market economy
04 years, two session of the ten National People's Congress passed the fourteen amendment, the National People's Congress Township, nationality township, town is elected for a term of 3 years instead of 5 years.
The third chapter state nature
Constitution: Constitution refers to the class nature of the nation, reflected in a certain class dictatorship, reflect the status of the various classes of society in the country.
Determinants of national:
The class of 1, the state power
2, the state power economic foundation
3, the social political civilization
4, social spiritual civilization
The dictatorship of the proletariat is the essence of Marx's state theory. The people's democratic dictatorship is decided by the characteristics of the China revolution.
The consistency of our people's democratic dictatorship and the dictatorship of the proletariat:
1, leadership: is the basic sign of the dictatorship of the proletariat and the proletariat in separate national leadership
2, the class basis: the highest principle of the dictatorship of the proletariat is the proletariat must form a strong alliance with the peasants
3, the functions of the state
4, the historical mission
"The constitution" the second provisions of the first paragraph: "all power in the people's Republic of China belongs to the people", is the essence of our national system
"Dictatorship" is a word derived from the ancient Rome, is intended to refer the "dictatorship".
The alliance of workers and peasants as the class base of the country, has a very important role and significance:
1, the worker peasant alliance is to establish, consolidate and strengthen the class foundation of the people's democratic dictatorship
2, the worker peasant alliance is to build China into a prosperous, democratic, civilized basic power of modern socialist country
3, the worker peasant alliance is the foundation of strengthening and developing the patriotic united front
4, the worker peasant alliance is a reliable guarantee for safeguarding the unification of the motherland and national unity
5, the worker peasant alliance is the main basis for making policies and laws
The patriotic united front: the patriotic united front is the workers, farmers, intellectuals as the main body of the socialist workers, all patriots who support socialism and who support the reunification of the motherland's political alliance. It consists of two union: one is all socialist laborers to workers, farmers, intellectuals as the main body of the alliance, the alliance of workers and peasants, is the foundation of the patriotic united front; one is based on the worker peasant alliance, wide alliance to include all the patriots.
The patriotic united front task:
1, modernization
2, the reunification of the motherland
3, world peace
The political party system: part of the national political system, is the product of the political party
The functions of CPPCC: political consultation, democratic supervision, participation in politics
The superiority of the multi-party cooperation and political consultation system under the leadership of the Communist Party of Chinese:
The multi-party cooperation and political consultation system under the leadership of the Communist Party in 1, China is conducive to the stability of the government and the stability of the policy
The multi-party cooperation and political consultation system under the leadership of the Communist Party in 2, Chinese can fully reflects the democratic, reflect the will of the people, to represent the interests of the people
The multi-party cooperation and political consultation system under the leadership of the Communist Party in 3, Chinese conducive to mobilize and unite all forces, and strive for building a well-off society
Economy: economic system refers to the economic base or the economic structure. It refers to a dominant position in the development phase of human society history of production to the people who have, in the production process of the formation of the people, the three aspects of distribution of product of labor. The ownership of the means of production is the decisive factor, which determines the nature of the economic system.
The economic base determines the fundamental factors: the essence of national class. The sum is dominant in a certain historical stage of development in the countries of production relations.
The protection of private property system in china:
1, to further clarify the state of all the lawful private property of citizens are protected, the scope of protection include the life data, including the means of production
2, with property ownership instead of original in terms of meaning in the right, more accurate and comprehensive
3, establishes the expropriation and requisition system, is conducive to correctly handle the relationship between the protection of private property and public interest needs.
Social security: the state of the distribution and redistribution of national income through legal means, in order to provide security for various basic life cannot obtain the basic living needs of the citizens.
Political civilization and material civilization and spiritual civilization coordinated development is the important law of the human social development:
1, political civilization provides political direction for the construction of material civilization and spiritual civilization construction
2, political civilization provides the necessary political environment for the construction of material civilization and spiritual civilization construction
3, the political civilization construction and spiritual civilization construction contents intercross
Feature of socialist political civilization:
1, the leadership of the party
2, the people be in power
3, the rule of law

The fourth chapter regime organizational form
Its organizational forms: political organization refers to the specific social ruling class to take what kind of principle and mode of organization to oppose the enemy, to protect themselves, management of social authority. Our form of government is the people's Congress system.
Between the political power organization form and system is a kind of relationship of form and content:
1, the decision of political organization
2, the organizational form of regime has negative effect on the
The socialist countries form of political organization:
Can only be a republic, can be called the people's representative system.
1All state power belongs to the people
2Apply the principle of democratic centralism
3The working class political party is the ruling party.
The distinction between a republic the Republic of socialism and capitalism:
1Different economic foundation
2The content of different classes (class nature different)
3Different principles of organization
4The scope and different forms of democracy
Capitalist countries form of political organization:
1, constitutional monarchy. Divided into two yuan of constitutional monarchy and parliamentary constitutional monarchy. The typical national parliamentary constitutional monarchy in britain.
2, the republic. Divided into parliamentary, presidential system (the earliest implementation in America), semi presidential system (the representative of France, the Russian Federation, the Committee) (Switzerland).
The people's Congress System: the people's Congress system is China's form of government. It refers to: all power in China belongs to the people; people's representatives based on composition of democratic election, the National People's Congress and the local people's congresses as the exercise of state power organs; other state organs by the people's Congress, the people's Congress Supervision, responsible to the people's Congress Standing Committee; responsible to the people's congresses at the corresponding levels, people's Congress is responsible to the people.
The people's Congress system is China's fundamental political system:
1, the people's Congress system embodies all state power belongs to the people of the essential requirements
2, the people's Congress system is the foundation upon which to build other system, is the source of the power of other countries
3, the system of people's Congress reflects China's political lives
The superiority of the system of people's congress:
1, the people's Congress system to protect people be in power
2, the system of people's Congress of the mobilization of all the people to join the socialist construction by masters of the state's position
3, the people's Congress system to ensure the coordination and efficient operation of the state organs
4, the system of people's congresses and safeguarded national unification and ethnic unity
The election law: the electoral law refers to the laws and regulations on behalf of the state organs and the election of Deputies of national public servants system. In our country is the sum of legal principle, organization, procedure and methods about the election of deputies to the National People's Congress and local people's congresses of the.
In 1979 the "election law" major changes:
The scope of people's deputies directly elected by the voters to county, autonomous county; change an election to the election shall be by secret ballot method
Use of money or other financial to bribe the voters or deputies, impede the voters or deputies freely exercising their right to vote and be elected, will be punished.
Principle of universal suffrage means the people's Republic of China over eighteen years of age of the citizens have the right to vote and to be elected; however, deprived of political rights according to law except. This provision that China highly popular vote and be elected, the extent of our citizens enjoy the right to vote is the electoral system in capitalist countries can not match.
Equal suffrage: every voter in an election can only have one vote; each voter votes cast by value and effect is the same; unlawful restrictions and discrimination on voting behavior. China's "constitution" provisions of the voting rights of equality is not absolute equality, it focuses on the substantive equality.
The election: the election can not call an election, an election is relative in terms of the number of candidates, is more than the number of candidate election. To implement multi candidate election will give voters or deputies to provide more choice, is conducive to better develop democracy, representative to select satisfactory.
The secret ballot: the secret ballot is also called the secret ballot, is a kind of method of election opposed to public vote. It asked the voters in the election need only be agreed or disagreed in formal candidates name, also can cause other people or waiver, without the need for signature. After filling out ballots by hand into the ballot box. The electoral mean the same is not open to the public, others have no right to interfere with no interference.
The organization of the elections: direct election, Election Commission; indirect election, the Standing Committee of the NPC
The constituencies: redistricting is a standard based on the division of regional representatives, produces a certain amount and based on. The constituencies can be divided according to production units, institutions, units of work. According to the provisions of the electoral law of our country, our country in the indirect elections take place place, namely in the people's Congress city not divided into districts, municipal districts, counties, autonomous counties, townships, nationality townships, the town of the quota allocated to each region, by the voters to vote for the election constituency. SelectedRegion based on a certain number of population, selective range size according to each constituency 1 - 3 Representatives is appropriate.
Voter registration procedures:
1Those who have reached the age of 18 years old not deprived of political rights of citizens should be included in the list of voters;
2The voters' list should be published in 20 days before the election day, and sent to the voter's card;
3There are different opinions on the voter list is released, can appeal to the election committee;
4The election committee shall make a decision on the appeal, in 3 days.
5After the confirmation of registration of voters eligible to long term.
The recommended way to represent candidate:
1, all political parties, people's organizations, can be combined or separate recommended candidates;
More than 2, 10 voters or deputies jointly recommended;
Legal procedures to recall deputies:
(direct elections at county and township levels): joint above the voters of the electoral districts of 30 people, to the NPC Standing Committee proposed requirements written recall;
Choose between (at or above the county level): two cases:
1, when the National People's Congress is in session, the presidium or above 1/10 can be made to the deputies, elected by the National People's Congress on the level of a National People's Congress of the recall;
2, two during the NPC session, the National People's Congress Standing Committee meeting or 1/5 above the component members of the Standing Committee to the Standing Committee of the joint, elected by the National People's Congress on the level of a National People's Congress of the recall;
Note: during the meeting, have the right to recall more than the Presidium and the 1/10 representative, director of the conference have no right to raise.

The fifth chapter is the form of state structure
A unitary state structure characteristics:
1, from the legal system, the country only a constitution, a unified central legislature enacted pursuant to the Constitution Law
Look at the composition of 2, from the national agencies, national only a supreme legislature, a central government, a complete set of judicial system
3, from between the central and local governments, local governments the right to legal provisions or recognized by the state. Unified leadership of local acceptance of the central government, local administrative region unit not from the central and the independent existence of power
4, from the foreign relations, the state is a subject of international law, the citizen has the unified nationality
The main characteristics of federal countries:
1, from the legal system countries, in addition to the Federal Constitution, members and their respective constitutional
2, from the national agencies, in addition to the federal legislation, administration and judicial system, each member is also provided with the government and the legal system, the legislature
3, from federal and member of the division of functions and powers, the division of functions and powers by the Federal Constitution to make specific provisions, but the residual rights of ownership, some provisions in federal ownership, such as Canada; some provisions on belonging to the States, such as America.
4, from the foreign relations, some countries also allows its members to state some diplomatic rights, federal citizens have both federal citizenship, and members of the nationality.
China adopts a unitary state structural forms of reason:
1, historical reasons. Our country is since the Qin and Han Dynasty, has always been a unified centralized country. Historical proof, only unity can bring unity, prosperity and development of all ethnic groups
2, the national cause
(1) the distribution of various nationalities: China has 56 ethnic groups, scattered, small, big, small communities
(2) historical development of national relations
(3) the national external conditions
(4) the nation's militant friendship
(5) the needs of the socialist modernization
Our country adopts the superiority of the unitary state structure:
1, is conducive to the national independence and unity
2, conducive to the development of the country and the construction of socialist modernization
3, common prosperity and development for all nationalities. To help ethnic minority areas to accelerate the development of economy and culture
The system of regional ethnic autonomy: under the unified leadership of the state, in the areas inhabited by ethnic minorities as the basis, establish the corresponding autonomous areas, organs of self-government are established to exercise the power of autonomy, ethnic regional autonomy of national implementation, be in power, to manage their own internal local affairs.
The characteristics of the system of regional ethnic autonomy:
1, national unity and national autonomous combination
2, the combination of political and economic factors
3, the combination of ethnic autonomy and regional autonomy
Reasons for the system of regional autonomy of ethnic minorities in china:
1, long-term existence of a unified multi-ethnic country, is the historical basis to implement the system of regional ethnic autonomy
2, since the modern form in the fight against foreign aggression in the struggle of the spirit of patriotism, is the political foundation of the system of regional ethnic autonomy
3, the national mixed, small settlement of the distribution pattern of population, resources and development of regional disparity, is the actual conditions of the system of regional ethnic autonomy
Ethnic Township Mayor by the establishment of townships minority citizens
The legal status of the special administrative region:
1, the Special Administrative Region of China is a unitary state can not be separated parts
2, special administrative region is a local administrative region of our country
3, special administrative region is a local administrative region to exercise a high degree of autonomy
4, special administrative region is directly under the Central People's Government of the local administrative level
Special Administrative Region and other general administrative region in common:
1, is a part of the people's Republic of China can not be separated, is an organic part of our local system
2, the special administrative region is the region of the people's Republic of China administrative level, directly under the Central People's Government
Characteristics of Special Administrative Region and other general administrative region:
1, the Special Administrative Region will enjoy a high degree of autonomy
2, the Special Administrative Region to maintain fifty years previous capitalist system and way of life unchanged
3, Special Administrative Region of the people of Hong Kong, Macao policy
4, Special Administrative Region of the original laws basically unchanged
The Special Administrative Region of the central management of affairs:
1, responsible for the foreign affairs relating to the management and the Special Administrative Region
2, responsible for the defence of the region
3, appointed chief executive and principal officials
4, the special administrative region is in a state of emergency
5, the interpretation of the basic law of Special Administrative Region
6, modify the basic laws of the Special Administrative Regions
Special Administrative Region to exercise a high degree of autonomy:
1, administrative power
2, the legislative power
3, an independent judiciary
4, the Central People's government authorized the Special Administrative Region in accordance with the law to deal with Foreign Affairs
5, other powers