One: before and after the Taiwan Department of information asymmetry will cause enough attention

The implementation of new rules of credit department approval separation system, the basic partition customers and credit department (background) direct contact opportunities, so that examiners can more objective, impartial review of credit. In fact, because of the credit investigation department (foreground) information management and technology is relatively backward, information gain is too narrow, there are different levels of information asymmetry problem with customers and the market, in a detailed understanding of the loan project in a weak position, some customers in order to obtain loans to conceal or distortion even the information to the bank false, and credit investigation personnel sometimes marketing loan or encountered when the time is pressing, can easily lead to the credit of the marketing process on the impulse, the customer data to follow suit, customers become the spokesperson. But in the current system of credit constrained by the hand back and sources of information poor, and credit review time constraints, is mainly rely on the Department's review of the information, to analyze and verify the detailed to declare material, as well as to the examination and approval decision stage has changed hands several times, so that the possibility of distorted information, deformation and distortion of the original increase, to reflect the customers true face, once encounter false information, will make the credit decision into "a blind man on a blind horse, danger midnight a deep pool".

Undoubtedly, the current credit management system and risk prevention in the sector balance (especially the moral risk prevention) has the positive side, but the cooperation and efficiency before and after the table has not harmonious. Specific performance in the asymmetry of information and to the project follow-up contradictions are not synchronized, such as some items for front and back views inconsistent and not approved or delay by. Therefore, front and back between the credit departments should strengthen communication and interaction. The Department in accordance with the regulations to the compliance and orderly marketing, not as a market failure and blind scraping, dislocation or offside, to identify the market positioning, intensive management and risk prevention awareness in marketing, spent great efforts to do the investigation before loan, the customer and the real situation of the market to find out well, trends and timely feedback to appear in the market competition; the credit management department should understand and appreciate the Department to win in the fierce competition in the market to be not easily won, customer resources and make various efforts, as far as possible communication matters before making decisions and business departments of the problem and take control of risk the measures, through the front and back together form a whole, improve the efficiency of examination and approval under the premise of guaranteeing quality, improving credit marketing success rate, reduce the opportunity cost, reduce the risk of information asymmetry may lead to.

　　Thinking two: quantitative analysis instead of qualitative analysis

Our analysis of a credit event, often focus on the analysis of some quantitative factors reflect the relevant financial statements, such as the enterprise's assets and liabilities, liquidity, profitability and solvency indicators, this is very important, but the quantitative index after all have considerable limitations. For example, the provisions of China's "contract law" in the system of anticipatory breach of contract, namely the unease demurrer: when one party to a contract have every reason to believe that the other loss of business reputation or loss of capacity, can not fulfill their obligations, this kind of judgment by is only qualitative analysis of financial data; enterprise account receivable is huge, total profit is larger, but the cash flow is small, or even negative, explained that the enterprise profit possession by others, the most likely cause liquidity problems, loss of due debt paying ability, from the enterprise profitability (profit) indicators do not see; a major legal dispute lawsuit or by the court to take mandatory measures will cause a fatal blow to the enterprise, the enterprise from the liquidity index cannot reflect the shareholders meeting; enterprise dissolution, termination of this reality is not from the enterprise survival ability (stability) index to reflect. The comprehensive judgment not of an enterprise can stay in the quantitative analysis of the current situation.

Qualitative analysis on the enterprise also must pay attention to the way to conduct and behavior of the legal representative of the enterprise. Any economic organization, the collection is not only the capital, but also the people set. Especially in the current corporate governance structure is not perfect in the environment, the enterprise credit depends largely on the legal representative of the character. The legal representative of a negative social evaluation, record or criminal record, is worth our vigilance. Qualitative analysis of the enterprise, but also pay attention to the figures in the prosperity under cover of "excessive trade" phenomenon. For example, an extraordinary expansion of business activities, the huge number of orders, sales, on the surface looks strong, strong profitability, but if this were prosperous beyond the enterprise capital operation to obtain financial support, at the moment of foreign debt to support the financing of hunger state, once a part of the debt chain problem, this "sandcastle" will be an easy job to collapse. Therefore, the excessive trade financing phenomenon reminds us: in the credit decision-making through digital prosperous surface potential risks, should not be fooled by the enterprise.

In the credit risk management also should pay attention to qualitative analysis. "The five grade classification" has replaced "one day more than two classification", because the latter focus only on the surface morphology of loans, such as to whether expire, the interest and the length of time overdue; the core of five level taxonomy is a qualitative analysis of the quality of loans, borrowers rely on normal operating income due the possibility, the principal interest in turn, is the reflection of the possibility and the degree of loss of loan loss. The essence of solvency is the core standard of judging the quality of loan assets, rather than a credit business of the surface morphology of concrete. If the production and operation of enterprises has been in trouble, even if a loan is also of interest to normal, but the essence of the quality of loans have been on the decline; business long loan or a credit business, which has been part of the risk, the other has not yet expired credit should not be classified as normal class, the new credit investment is more need to be careful.

Thinking three: the second source of repayment should not become the decisive factors

With the enhanced awareness of risk, banks in approving the loan project, pay attention to provide strong compensatory ability of the guarantee or mortgage, but that's just a preservation measures loan principal obligation, is to prevent the first source of repayment in vain and preset supplementary measures. In practice, there are often credit personnel that, as long as there is a better guarantor or real estate or other property mortgage, basically there is no risk. If the credit decision-making personnel also agree with this view, that will lead to terrible troubles. We recall the past received interest income, when the borrowers to repay loans, how much is the guarantor assumed the responsibility to repay the initiative? We investigated the disposition of collateral, guarantees, or through legal means how much is cost? The realization of the second source of repayment costs and loan interest income ratio is much? If we focus on the second source of repayment, when a credit event is just because of the mortgage obtained by, does that mean we easily accept the risk of first source of repayment may lose? Or is willing to undertake the implementation of second source of repayment and reduce the cost of credit gains?

In fact, the second source of repayment is minor, it should not be a decisive factor, the first source of repayment (i.e. a borrower to repay the principal and interest of the capacity) is what we should always be concerned, the normal operation of enterprises sufficient funds (cash flow) is the most powerful guarantee to repay debt. Focus on the analysis of commercial bank credit should be the analysis and evaluation on customer first source of repayment, the main source of funds to repay the loan and the client whether there are enough cash to pay the due debt future. Should be clear, even if the enterprise net profit, also does not mean that it has enough cash to repay the debt within a specific time period required for profitability, some enterprises are very good, development is rapid, but the lack of payment of debt needed cash; conversely, some enterprises due to certain factors, although the profit situation is not ideal, but in a certain stage cash flow is sufficient. Therefore, the analysis of the source of repayment and cash flow is an important measure of credit business in the process, must take seriously highly, to ensure customer loan maturity have enough money to repay the loan. Emphasize the first source of repayment is not to say that the guarantee is not important, credit is a very important principle is, any loan at least two outlets are in different period of loan, guarantee is the so-called second way. Security is the first source of repayment supplement but not replace, should be based on the first repayment from a reliable source, and then select the feasible measures to enhance security, the second line of defence.

　　Thinking four: "not" is a high level of

In the credit, we often emphasize "is somewhat do not be somewhat". "Some" good understanding, quasi see, potential, development prospects of the high quality customers and the quality of projects to strengthen marketing, strive for, this is obviously; and can do "not", that is not to set foot in (or is no longer increasing) possible risks, it is the highest realm.

Credit lines do not have to use the foot. A total to determine the amount of credit to a business, that is the highest amount at risk to banks to control to the enterprise, in this limit, the risk is relatively controllable. There is often the case, business or enterprise actual requirement of credit in the short term on the full line of credit. Not because it is within the credit business will relax censorship, depends on whether the enterprise has the reality demand, this demand is reasonable. Credit, specific to each credit business, still need to carefully examine the production and operation of enterprises and financial conditions have no significant changes, the unreasonable within the credit limit credit funds to "not to do something".
The implementation of credit withdrawal must resolutely. Enterprises operating landslide, the deteriorating financial situation and risk early warning signals, such as non temporary or short-term no signs of improvement, we must resolutely implement exit. Unfortunately, the commercial bank has not formed a complete mature credit quit mechanism, for customers who are going downhill, struggling, handling personnel including decision-making layer is more hesitant, do not take drastic measures, even want to part of the new input for the "make the dead come back to life". But good intentions can't replace the cruel reality, when the enterprise is "unable to make improvements", we have to go back. So the exit must resolutely, if really "make the dead come back to life after the withdrawal of enterprises", we want to go, there are 50% possible, but if and when to retire completely, enterprise "death", is the possibility of further from zero.

　　Thinking five: how to achieve maximum benefit in controlling risks

The concept of risk is the basic concept of commercial banks in the credit operation and management, all the credit personnel shall abide by the standards of conduct, each link which runs through the entire credit business process. The pursuit of profit maximization is the goal of commercial banks. The basic functions of commercial banks is through credit means the social funds collected by the lowest cost, the most safe and effective means to put it on the money demand and finally secure their place, and get the best return. All the business activities of commercial banks in the final analysis must be subject to "this goal benefit", without the benefit of the bank is not a good bank.

Risk and return are accompanied, not without risks, one-sided emphasis on the avoidance of risk, must be restrained, rest on its laurels, weaken the reaction ability of the market, at a disadvantage in the competition, losing valuable business opportunities and market, resulting in the loss of credit shrinking market share and customers, not only affect the credit business, development will affect other related business of commercial banks and credit structure adjustment. In the credit management, it is necessary to emphasize the risk consciousness, more to highlight the benefit consciousness, deal with the relationship between the two. The blind can not operate regardless of the risk, but also can't take safety credit activities of the absolute, the pursuit of free risk management. Lose customers and market of the bank, its benefits will also become a source of water, a.

Therefore, commercial banks should firmly establish the "development is the first task, control risk is the first responsibility" concept, truly realize the credit marketing and risk management. On the one hand, to adhere to the effective development, actively looking for opportunities and customers, and strive to open up the effective market, change from passive to not accept the risk, to actively prevent risks and risks; on the other hand, to strengthen risk control, guidance, incentive and restraint of credit behavior, to eliminate the differences in understanding before credit, backstage staff, enhanced the reaction ability of the market and risk prevention capacity, improve the credit management level of bank credit business, promote the sustained and healthy development. Complete the game of risk and return in the credit business management activities, grasp the risk and return the appropriate ratio can be tolerated, accept credit risk and prevention, to resolve, to realize maximum profit in the process of risk control  

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