The original address:Lose the "Angang constitution" workers or leadership classAuthor: Wang Zhongxin

Eleven edge Mao Zedong Thought consequences of (I)

Lose the "Angang constitution" workers or leadership?

 

1954Years9Month20DayThe first meeting, the people's Republic of China, the first session of the National People's Congress passed, new China first constitution of the people's Republic of China Constitution "". In the first chapter, "master" Article 1: the people's Republic of China is the people's democratic countries, led by the working class and based on the worker peasant alliance. China system basically is led by the working class, the working class to solid guarantee implementation of enterprise, to the leadership of the state, "Angang constitution" is a great creation. But since the reform and opening up, "Angang constitution" has thrown a few without a trace. The workers have become wage earners, but also leading enterprises and the country? Not leading enterprises and state what the leadership class? As the basis of a large area of the people's Republic of China state collapse, the state can not tilt, the state can not collapse?!

One, "the constitution" is the key of Maanshan Iron and steel workers have no right of management

Capitalist enterprise, capital is undoubtedly the property owners, nature also is management. But the socialist enterprise property rights to the national and collective all, then, who are managers, which directly determines the nature and direction of development of socialist enterprises.

"Constitution" of the basic content of Maanshan Iron & Steel co..After the founding of new China, how to grasp the state-owned enterprises, then copy the Soviet model, is the implementation of the "constitution" of Maanshan Iron & Steel Co.--The Soviet Union's most representative enterprise management mode--Magnitogorsk metallurgical combine enterprise experience, its characteristic is: the implementation of "the chief" responsibility system; to rely on a small number of experts to carry out scientific research, technology revolution not to engage in mass; a set of complicated rules and regulations management, the workers when the object management; implement in substance to stimulate production, denied the spirit forces. "Magang constitution" management mode, basically followed the capitalist mode of enterprise management. The workers on the production elements of the category management, let workers management passively accept, let workers management obey simple.

There is no right of management workers."Magang constitution" play a certain role in the new Chinese start-up industrial economy, but with the passage of time, but also exposed many problems, including the bureaucracy, rigid, workers no enthusiasm. The most prominent problem is the "constitution", Maanshan Iron and steel will be no socialist enterprise and capitalist enterprise management, distinguished fundamentally, "Ma" is not out of the capitalist constitution mode of enterprise management. That the Soviet Union labor efficiency is low, to disintegrate, with no reform "Magang constitution" is closely related to the mode of management.

In this regard, Chairman Mao once profoundly pointed out: the Soviet Union made clear"All right laborers to enjoy, not about labor management, management, management of national military enterprises, management culture and education authority. In fact, this is the biggest rights under the socialist system, the most fundamental rights. No such rights, working rights, right to rest, the right to education and so on the right, there is no guarantee"(read "Mao Zedong socialist economic talks with inscription"275Page). The workers have no right to the management, there is no other warranty! Workers do not have management right, without the right to administer the country, will never be able to become the leading class. Management right, is leadership! In combination with the30Both sides of the reform of state-owned enterprises Chinese years of Mao Zedong, that is how to look far ahead from a high plane!

Two, "Angang constitution" in the Far East, in Chinese appeared

After the founding of new China, how to find a suitable Chinese conditions of state-owned enterprise development, to ensure that the working class can be in power, to ensure that the working class's leadership over the economic work, to ensure the leading position of the working class, to ensure that the development direction of China socialism. The "four guarantees", directly reflects how to ensure that the leadership of the working class of the industrial economy, it is the major task that urgent.

In the withdrawal of Soviet experts in such a historical moment, Anshan municipal Party committee reported Anshan Steel Corp "about carrying out technological innovation and technology revolution industry front to report to the Central Committee",1960Years3Month22Day, Mao Zedong instructions in this report, declared that the "Angang constitution in the Far East, in China appeared".

The Mao Zedong instructions: Anshan municipal Party committee the report is very good, make people more and more happy, don't think words long, a little longer would watch out, because this report is the fact, reasonable, attractive. Anshan Iron and steel is the first largest enterprises, about one hundred thousand employees, in the past they think the enterprise is modern, don't have the technology revolution, more opposed to all mass movements, two against a three combined ", opposed politics, only trust a few desolate to do, many people advocate a long system opposition party, factory director responsibility system under the leadership of the. They think "Magang constitution" (an authoritative way for a large Soviet steel) is not sacrosanct. This is the great leap forward in 1958 the previous situation, this is the first stage. 1959 is the second stage, people began to think of the problem, began to believe the mass movement, began to suspect that a system of Maanshan Iron & Steel Co., began to doubt the constitution. In 1959 July the Mount Lu during the meeting, the central received a good report, they claim that the great leap forward, the anti rightist, drum drive, and put forward a high index can be implemented. The central read this report is very happy, once this report wholesale various comrades, all the comrades immediately by telephone to the provincial, city, District, help the criticism Right opportunist struggle. Now (one nine six, March) of this report, more progress, not the constitution that a set of Maanshan Iron & Steel Co., but create a charter of Anshan Iron and steel company. Anshan Iron and steel company in the Far East, appeared in the China. This is the third stage. Now put this forward the report to you, and ask you to forward the big enterprises and the medium enterprise, forwarding all city municipal Party committee, of course, can also be forwarded the prefectural and city (small), and as a document, let cadres to learn again, inspired by their brains, think of their own things, in one nine six. In a year, leading to a ring, with a ring, a wave after wave of the great Marx Lenin's urban and rural economic and technological revolution(central forwarding "Anshan Municipal Committee on report" to carry out technical innovation and technology revolution remarks).

Three, "Angang constitution" to ensure that the working class leading enterprise status

Mao Zedong cheer passionate: the Anshan Iron and steel company in the Far East, appeared in the China. Then, the core and the significance of this Constitution in?

1"Angang constitution," the five basic principles."The basic content of Angang constitution" can be summarized as five basic principles, namely, to politics, to strengthen the leadership of the party, all the mass movement, the implementation of two a three combination, carrying out technological innovation and technological revolution. Among them, "two a three combination" include: the cadres to participate in the labor, workers' participation in management; reform the irrational rules and regulations; engineering and technical personnel, managers and workers in combination with production practice and technical innovation. The five basic principles that run into socialist enterprises, widely publicize and promote. "Cadres to participate in the labor, workers' participation in management" to break the division of labor, the traditional cadre management workers. Let the cadre management and learning skills and experience, a lot of management experience from the masses, it can reduce the friction between the cadres and workers, improve the efficiency of management. Workers participating in management, not only improve the work efficiency and management efficiency improvement. Launched the "mass technology revolution", for the enterprise to create vitality, enhance competitiveness.

2As the core, is a participation in management."Emerge as the times require Angang constitution", has very great significance. On this meaning can speak a lot, such as, the difference is fundamentally different from the factory of capitalism and socialism, adhere to the principles of socialism is in; break the shackles of the old system of division of labor, make people liberated from the single post, and humanity is free to play, effectively promote the all-round development of people; there is to improve relations between labor and capital, and ultimately bring improvement of operational efficiency of enterprises. And the core is actually "Angang constitution" one, is to protect the masses of workers and management state, management of the plant, workers rights under the socialist system, the largest, the most fundamental rights.

The China people, the birth of the people's Republic of China and the establishment of the "Angang constitution", has a very significant event. If the establishment of the people's Republic of China marks the China people stood up, will be along the socialist direction forward, that "the birth of Angang constitution" marks the stand up China people (especially Chinese working-class) how to ensure their own be in power found in the realistic social practice, and ensure the effective methods China society adhere to the socialist orientation for development. So, the only time the Mao Zedong and business management experience, on the constitution status, visible significant, far-reaching significance.

3By the western enterprises, prostrate oneself in worship.Whether "Su Dong" of the enterprise according to the "constitution" of Maanshan Iron & Steel Co., management, or the western enterprises according to the Ford type division system of management, have the labor conflict sharp, workers without the enthusiasm of sabotage, production efficiency is not high problems. Therefore, the Western capitalists are looking for new management mode, is how to mobilize the enthusiasm of workers, improve the status of workers.

Mao Zedong advocated "Angang constitution" appeared, with its earliest and clearly to Ford type division system challenges rigid and impressive. First Japan, then Europe and America, many industrial management experts, capitalists to prostrate oneself in worship. America Massachusetts Institute of Technology management professor Robert Thomas points out, "Maoist" is "the essence of comprehensive quality" and "teamwork" theory, which is fully carry forward the "economic democracy" -- a combination of two three -- is one of the key to enhance the efficiency of enterprises. "Two a three combination", is "the team cooperation". The so-called "Toyota mode of production" in Japan, the workers, technicians and managers "teamwork", each person does not stick to the division of the rigid, appear whenever and wherever possible to solve "stockless production" of the problem.

"Angang constitution" generation, deeply influencing the capitalist enterprise management. Now the Western business management, many factors highlighted the measures, from the "Angang constitution", also greatly reduced the labor conflict. Therefore, the "Angang constitution" has a profound impact on the world, it is not too much!

Four, "Angang constitution" reflects more leadership to the national management

According to the "Angang constitution" of the spirit, to ensure that the leadership of the working class and class status, Mao Zedong more directly in the working class promoted a lot of talent, direct participation in business management, to participate in the national management.

Even in the tens of thousands of, millions of workers, were promoted up the enterprise managers, leaders, the famous representative are: Ni Zhifu, Beijing Yongding Machinery Factory fitter served as director, until the Political Bureau of the Central Committee; Wu Guixian, Shaanxi province Xianyang city northwest of a cotton spinning workshop when factory workers, and vice premier of the State Council; Zhang Baifa Beijing third construction company project youth commando captain, vice mayor of Beijing municipality was; Li Ruihuan, Beijing third construction company workers, President of the Beijing building materials supply company branch deputy secretary of the Party committee and Beijing building timber factory party secretary, Party Secretary of Beijing timber mill building, until the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, standing committee, CPPCC Chairman etc..

Mao Zedong era working class is proud, what a feeling of exaltation upon fulfillment!

Five, "a long" lost the leading position of the working class

Is this a through hard exploration, through repeated practice, and established by Mao Zedong, become an important part of Mao Zedong thought, also let the Western business management to emulate "Angang constitution", since the reform and opening up will be the first to bear the brunt of the tide, to move. In the enterprise to implement the "one system", namely, the factory director, manager responsibility system. "Angang constitution" has no mention, "Angang constitution" into the dusty past. Sampling survey1000A40Under age workers, almost no one heard what "Angang constitution", without the "Angang constitution", it abandoned the leading position of the working class, the specific performance four:

1,The working class did not say to the reform.As Mao Zedong said: the loss of the management right, the "biggest rights, fundamental rights. No such rights, working rights, right to rest, the right to education and so on the right, there is no guarantee". Take the reform of state-owned enterprises, workers even words do not have the right to. The reform of state-owned enterprises Chinese scheme, which is generated from the workers? What is to follow the mass line? The reform and open policy blueprint as workers in the leadership class designed? Not at all! Are a group of elite behind closed doors, for the benefit of group interests, even as Western peaceful evolution method, reform programs and the design of.

Workers not only for the reform scheme has no right to speak, the reform process of fill one's own pocket no more right to speak. Reform is to own a perfect body, the revolution is on the whole social ownership changes, if the China reform is equivalent to the restructuring, it is undoubtedly the restoration. And China state-owned enterprise reform, it is almost equivalent to the restructuring, will40Million of state-owned enterprises price to sell, or even give them away, which fill one's own pocket all kinds of gain, workers may only allow someone to continue. Now China public ownership economy only in the city economy remaining28%Reform of state-owned enterprises reform, further more? If the change this part, the China or characteristic of socialist countries?

2A lot of industrial workers, were stripped out workers.In the reform of enterprises, really the Mao Zedong said: no right of management, even the right to work are lost. Along with the state-owned and collective enterprises, it is nearly hundreds of millions of workers lost their jobs right unemployment, is the leading class the loss of social identity and change. With nearly hundreds of millions of state-owned and collective enterprise workers, is used ten thousand or twenty thousand yuan to the buyout seniority, but always out of the working class. A transformation into small private owners, have become part of the capitalist wage earners, more "50" type is unemployment. China working class led by class, suddenly a small class of society, but also the weak class, or a society wants to get rid of the burden, it is Rainbow Night. But "we go on the road" and "again", the two song to sing in two different age workers songs, is the fate of these two deep, vivid, the portrayal of the image, a is the era of song, a song is the time!

In the "Angang constitution" in angang,50Million workers laid off44More than. When the reform to turn, can reform of AISC to lose so many workers at the expense of Anshan Iron and steel company, profit? Anshan Iron and steel is not still a loss? This year, in addition to the Anshan Iron and steel, China86Total liabilities of large and medium-sized iron and steel enterprises have more than3Trillion debt rate, industry69.47%Liabilities and losses, to reach the peak of perfection. Chinese steel industry from the whole industry bankruptcy is not far, this also will be dragged down banking!

FAW is China first automobile enterprise, in the separation of laid-off workers, pay a huge reform cost, do not concentrate on developing the national brand car, ready toGermanyThe mass andJapanToyota work, FAW profits from foreign auto wage income, thirty years not create a quality brand. Last year, because of its Japanese brand car sales, FAW more into the domestic big ten enterprises only loss making enterprises. FAW beginning in ring a lot, while real estate "lying to also can make money" of the time, the FAW to early enclosure used to finance the levy to make quick money. FAW high-level also took the opportunity to play the "great Shift of the universe", after the transfer will be the "circle"100Billion yuan "Not the least trace was found.", FAW fell in the real estate arena, which highlights the state-owned enterprises lose the direction of reform and development.

3Go from bad to worse, the state-owned enterprise workers social status.The state-owned enterprise workers, should be most representative of China working-class, they once lost control, its social status also go from bad to worse.

Workers lost circulation up channel.Since the reform and opening up, is the only state-owned enterprises, workers to become managers, that is the fond dream!30Over the years, who have seen the state-owned enterprises from the workers to promote a director? Who has seen from the workers to promote a mayor? Now who's seen from the workers to promote a mayor? Now who's seen from the workers to promote a leadership of the Party Central Committee? The workers can not direct management of enterprises, the state, what are they leading class? But, because of various social injustice of corruption, but also cut off the workers, peasants and other workers with children, the other to the circulation channel. Chinese working class, what have one's day in politics?

The workers and the enterprise executive pay hundredfold difference.In state-owned enterprises, workers not only lost the identity of the managers, the labor remuneration, and elite management income, basically no difference by Mao Zedong era, up to now the difference reached dozens of times, hundreds of times. The wage earners90%In the2000Yuan, and some managers of state-owned enterprises have annual salary to tens of millions, or even billion yuan. In the distribution system so unfair, in such a social atmosphere, labor glorious? When workers glory?

Workers and executives from a world of difference."Angang constitution" stipulates that "the cadres to participate in the labor, workers' participation in management", now the managers of enterprises to participate in the work? They are too lazy to work site. Enterprise managers superior, workers can only work hard, enterprise managers and workers have formed a cat and mouse two class. In the face of the malignant accident enterprises rose sharply, so that countries repeatedly issued documents, requirements of coal mine managers to shift down, this is to the following requirements, are not implement. Mining accidents killed so many miners, do not see death a leading enterprises? Conversely, if the "cadres to work", mine can so frequently? Can the death of so many people?

 

4Vulnerable groups, migrant workers into the bottom of society.After the reform and opening up, in China appeared more than 200 million migrant workers, from the name, are not theoretically define, whether they are farmers or workers. Said the farmer, be they decades working in the industry; say, they have the land. Such a large group, with its extremely cheap labor, high speed driving China of reform and opening up30Years before, they are the most difficult social group, and is the most common social groups, the most despised group, the lack of social security group, the oppressed to group. Don't say that they are the leading class, they deserve the low pay, even their own basic personal rights are difficult to guarantee.

To abandon the "Angang constitution", the full implementation of "factory manager responsibility system", to deny the leadership of the party, to deny the leadership of the working class, labor unions representing the interests of the workers? Labor unions of the procuratorate, court, promotion and publicity department, organization department, a level of units, is the highest level of the mass organization unit, the chairman of the trade union or the local Party committee. What can the union, safeguard working-class what benefits? What a voice for the working class? Basically eat full, basic is deaf ears -- equipment.

 

Wangpo saying(105)

 

The author of this writing, how toTopic, have some experience and blog communication.

First, select the blank questions.Not to say that "no one at the wonders"? Not to say that "the highest level of competition, is to enter the non competitive field"? Choose no one research topic, fill the blank of research topic, here lies the significance. The author studies the loss of the "Angang constitution", lost the leading position of the working class theme, not only since no one study, has long been theorists and neglect to the extent forgotten.

Second, select themes.The theme is larger, greater value, or, subject value is greater, the greater the theme. This paper, the author studies can be said, is a very important theory problem, is also a major practical problem. Many problems China reforming and opening appeared, this problem is closely connected with.

Third, choose to crack the theme.History always solve the problem, especially to solve the problems can be solved in line. Xi Jinping became general secretary, proposed should adhere to the principle of "the working class is the leading class" Xi Jinping; appointed general secretary, clear all levels of National People's Congress to increase the number of workers; workers Xi Jinping "five one" interview, mostly from the grassroots post; Xi Jinping has asked to strengthen enterprise to the role of Party organizations and so on, which makes the author see, the historical time to solve this problem, I put forward this problem. Is proposed to the general secretary: I insist on the working class is the leading class, it must adhere to the "Angang constitution"!

 

 

(this is the author writing "marginalized Mao Zedong Thought consequences" series of Bo Wendi17Article (deleted a): is interested in the blog can click on the title of the 16Article:)

 

Mao Zedong thought so marginalizedThe(OpenArticle...
Use"The peopleStudents"ForGeneration"For thePeopleServiceWu"TheIsBackRebel...

No.CatchSiWant toConstructionThe party The Communist Party of China sinceDynamicSolutionIn addition toWuLoading

 

JiLawPineRelaxation DecreeHardOutIn theSouthThe sea
EliminationArcPeopleThe peopleThe publicAgency In theCountry100Years notYesAgriculturalIndustryNowGenerationChemical...

Ten negative shadow elimination of people's CommuneRingDeepFar

The polarization is veryYanHeavy The gap between rich and poorDistanceLin1949...

The polarization is very serious: breed three deepMomentDanger...

The polarization is very serious: Chinese rich original sin...

The widening gap between rich and poor will lead to tragic news agencyMeetingDynamic

The loss of communismWant to What is a communistThe party

Mao Zedong how heavy - handed catch cadre wayDe...

Officialdom corruption reach the peak of perfection form "nine"

In theChinese officialdom morality to "six." (...

In theThe official morals to the "six state" (under...

The causes of "Chinese officialdom corruption"

 

Closely related with this series of Posts and seven:
The first great man Mao ChinaZeEast(On theArticle)
The first great man Mao ChinaZeEast(Under theArticle)
Mao Zedong thought whether there isAndSalaryThe firePhasePass
Chinese must in Mao Zedong ThoughtRefers toLeadUnder theBeforeInto the

Mao Zedong era foreign softIt?

Mao Zedong why give up JapanCompensateCompensation

As a big country in the world must shoulder bearAvenueRighteousness