1What law college

 

For law undergraduate students, if you can become aware of their own, and will be out of the ivory tower, you should make early preparations. Through all the efforts to make your resume. The following suggestions, also apply to the graduate program in graduate school during the life of.

First of all, a transcript or important.Nice report means the legal basis you played very solid. Therefore, your employer will be happy to know that you have a good report, for you to apply for study abroad will also play a decisive role. Moreover, outstanding achievement will also bring other benefits to you, such as a scholarship, which can directly reduce the economic burden on the university when you. However, if you are not the sort of good test person, do not have to worry. There are other aspects can compensate you.

Select the one or two economic magazines and newspapers, read carefully.Unless you want to study, otherwise I think, see law core journals can be said is useless. In fact, some of the possible even the author himself did not want to see, is only necessary to assess the title. When I was in graduate school, like writing, have invested a lot of publications. Non core periodicals sent me some, but the core journals have not made into a. In a later Editorial Department of core journal wrote me a letter, it is the article is well written, can send in the supplement, but to pay page charges. So I give up. Participate in the work, to know some editing, and finally in a legal core journals of the article. Compared with the law journal, I think, one or two copies of the mainstream economic magazines and newspapers, and regularly reading is very important, they can make you understand the true pulse of commercial society in advance. In the magazine, I recommend the "finance and economics", "Sanlian Life Weekly"; in the newspapers recommend "twenty-first Century economic report", "economy observes a newspaper" and "Southern Weekend". In English materials, recommended "The Economists" and "Financial Time".

Attending some lectures and salon.I remember a student cadre of Peking University students will once said, the most cattle of Peking University student, what celebrities are invited, minister also invited, but no money. Indeed. The university almost every day there are lectures, often need to worry about the lecture time conflict. After leaving school, even to the best law firm, it is impossible to have lectures or training every day. Socially valuable lectures and training are to be charged. Therefore, must not be wasted a good chance in the campus. If you are a potential employer, such as your favorite a partner in a law firm to give lectures, should strive for the opportunity to ask questions, to leave a good image, to practice their future or cover lay the foundation. Engaged in legal work and eloquence is necessary, when listening to a lecture, be good at learning the speaker's typhoon. If you can constantly try to figure out, if this lecture made me, I should say, I believe, will greatly improve your eloquence.

Participate in some social activities.The school will have a lot of community activities, formal, informal. Don't just limited to students formal organization like this, at least you should participate in some communities of interest, not necessarily to your professional and related. On the contrary, in some non legal professional associations should be encouraged. Because, what things as occupation to dry, will be very boring, and the legal profession itself is a boring professional. If you don't have any hobbies, what you do after that the class? Moreover, hobbies can bring you beat all harvest. For example, an expert in an interview he wrote a foreign law firm to Daniel, interview Par and he mutually offensive about half an hour, ask him seriously. Finally, there is a minute, do you have any other questions? He found the par office furniture is very special, ask your office, designers can I know? A large outbreak of Par self satisfied laughing, said of his own design, and then spent 20 minutes to explain the design idea, and then he jump out of the office. Of course, there are also some people what activities did not participate, but in resume their participated in these activities, and served as an important position. I'm against it, because this is a deception, and very easy to expose, in the time of the interview, experienced interviewer will ask some of the details of the activity or you feel, this time, a lie will need more lies to occlusion, and it is very difficult to do.

For the internship opportunities.If you plan to graduate in law, so should be considered in selection of suitable unit internship before graduation. If possible, the best lawyers, court, procuratorate, government agencies, companies have a try, you can use multiple vacations have tried a times. Practice often superficially, did not understand, but the practice must be more than not practice strong. Of course, practice some law firms are actually hired prelude, strive to internships, get offer, for this kind of practice, unit.

Make some like-minded friends.No matter how perfect you, you won't get all love. Birds of a feather flock together. Make some like-minded friends are very important. Of course, not necessarily the same professional, this will make their future occupation and life more and more wide. The reason I want you all to know.

Work.Maybe you have rich parents, don't need you to work. However, to think of a way to earn some money in the student is very meaningful thing. This allows you to raise the commercial awareness and business sense, is extremely important for legal workers. Because the law is the commercial activities of the lubricant. Also, if you find yourself having high business talent, you can also consider career or business, and may not take the law as the lifelong industry.

Fall in love.Feel the love and being loved is very important. For any person, a warm family will become the basis for your career development. For lawyers, families may be more important. Because of the initial stage of development, income is not high, need to support each other. Development of late, busy business, family need more and more demanding. Although the ratio of campus love to walk the red carpet is not high, but it can also make you experience this kind of special sense. When you leave the ivory tower, will find that love is a luxury, you may not have the time, also have no interest, to really do it, are likely to be hurried to find a man, put the marriage problem solved.

Adhere to a sports activities.Once you enter the nine to five life, and you had the misfortune to have went a long way to go to work, you will realize that physical exercise is such a luxury activities, especially to the lawyer this fee brain work. Such as business and legal circles both expert Li Jinghan (Kindu law firm partner, Shanghai No. three the Bund designers) said, he read it while at the University, playing basketball, football, tennis. But when Ayers law firm (Vinson & Elkins) after work, all of a sudden stop, the body not suited to. When tired, tired. Almost ten hours a day, not including the newspaper, drinking, Coffee training; even calculate their daily working time in time and mind are not...... As time goes by, more and more aware of their bottom line -- living floor, pressure limit, exercise can guarantee their own, in the constitution to overcome its own inertia, to ensure that they have more than the opponent's energy. So, he in the clearance time of work, training in the gym. Therefore, the university must lay good health foundation. I think, it is best to collective sports, such as football, basketball and other sports activities. But sports can further expand your social circle. If you are not good at confrontational sports activities, so might as well the development of running, walking or climbing this own independent complete sports activities. And to adhere to lifelong habit of practising.

 

 

2The relationship between judicial examination and legal occupation

 

The national judicial examination is the predecessor of the examination for the qualification as a lawyer, began in 1986. In September 27, 1986 28, two days, China held its first national uniform examination of the qualification as a lawyer. When 29000 people have signed up for reference, 1134 of them passed the qualification as a lawyer. Before the implementation of judicial examination, only the unified examination for the qualification as a lawyer, but there is no unified national qualification examination of judges and prosecutors qualification examination. Judges and prosecutors to hire, actually by the courts and procuratorates held separate exam, the exam is easier than the unified examination for the qualification as a lawyer, and admission fairness and transparency is not enough. It was questionable, why the lawyer qualification requirement is high, the judges and prosecutors requirements low instead? The main reason for coordination among departments, law belongs to the Ministry of justice administration, but the justice department cannot manage to judges and prosecutors to hire.

However, this situation made a breakthrough in 2001. In July 15, 2001, the Supreme People's court, the Supreme People's Procuratorate, the Ministry of Justice jointly issued a notice: announced 2001 newly appointed judges, procurators, lawyers qualification examination are no longer held separately, but included in the first national judicial examination in 2002 the implementation of the. According to the "measures" the implementation of the national judicial examination regulations, "the newly appointed judges, procurators, apply for lawyers and notaries must pass the national judicial examination, obtain the legal occupation qualification. The provisions of the laws, administrative rules and regulations provide otherwise except".

However, through the judicial examination (examination for the qualification as a lawyer) does not mean that the actual work, in fact, at present a large number of the judicial examination of the personnel did not engage in the three kind of work. But, at present there are a lot of foreign law firms in China, due to its inability to hire Chinese lawyer, therefore in the recruitment, candidates are not required to have also Chinese lawyer qualification. In addition, if the company legal position, because it is not a lawyer, nor for the judicial qualification examination. However, if the domestic law firm, the court and the procuratorate, the judicial qualification examination is still a necessary condition.

According to the "measures" the implementation of the national judicial examination, enter oneself for an examination the national judicial examination qualification is (a), with the people's Republic of China nationality; (two) supported the "people's Republic of China Constitution", enjoy the right to vote and to be elected; (three) with full capacity for civil acts; (four) undergraduates majoring in law graduation and has professional knowledge of law than undergraduate law degree or higher education; (five) good conduct.

However, any one of the following personnel, can not apply for the national judicial examination, invalid registration has to go through the registration formalities,: (a) has been subjected to criminal punishment for intentional crime; (two) has been the national authorities expelled from the public or has been revoked license, lawyer, notary certificate; (three) be imposed not to enroll in the national judicial examination period under or sentenced to lifelong not to enroll in the national judicial examination within two years.

Visible from the above provisions, judicial examination is not limited to the law school graduates, therefore, theoretically speaking, law school education and legal occupation without inevitable connection! This is a paradox Chinese judicial examination and law education. Knowledge of the Law School of law is to teach you basic. But the test requires skill, law schools do not teach you how to pass the judicial examination. There won't be any of a wide variety of judicial examination of school counseling. Another aspect, the number of judicial examination each year by the actual (and which part is the graduation of non legal professional) number is considerably less than the annual National College of law practice graduation (about 200000 people). If not through the judicial examination of the students, are not qualified students, that our legal education significance what in?

Another paradox is, before 2008, bachelor's degree graduates only after graduation to participate in the judicial test, so when he graduated without judicial qualification examination, cannot apply for court, procuratorate or a lawyer. And even if the successful candidate, also need some time after the entry of the judicial examination, otherwise it will be eliminated from the organs out, once again facing the employment problem. We can't help wanting to ask, where the legal education and judicial examination of the repetitive significance? However, in 2008 the national judicial exam the first time college reading students register for the judicial examination, to a certain extent solved the problem.

For non law graduates, if think through the judicial examination, to get the law occupation permit, but also somewhat too optimistic. Because, law school education and other meanings, for example, the employer will value you have graduated from law school, instead of just to see if you passed the judicial examination. School of law, but also helps you to know a large number of students, so that you can help each other in the future work. This is probably the so-called legal community meaning. However, for the non legal professional students, judicial examination and seems to be a trap, rack one's brains through the examination, but because the background reasons but did not find a suitable job. In addition to waste time and money in the purchase of judicial examination materials and attend remedial classes, the other where is the meaning?

According to the "measures" the implementation of the national judicial examination, the examination time and related arrangements in the three months before the examination is held to the public. national judicial examination, unified proposition, examination, unified examination, the results by the judicial. The topics covered by the Ministry of justice and the development of the "national judicial exam outline" shall prevail. national judicial examination exercises each year the national judicial examination and the qualified fraction by amount of line, by the Justice Department's Supreme People's court, the Supreme People's Procuratorate identified. Required test purpose the main test candidates professional knowledge and practice of law occupation ability. The exam includes: Theory of law, application of law, the existing legal provisions, legal practice and legal occupation moral.

Judicial examination to the low pass rate, is considered one of the most difficult exam China. However, the low pass rate, also gave birth to a large number of judicial examination in school counseling and guidance materials produced, must make a "contribution to the Chinese GDP growth and increasing employment rate". In addition, in China vast territory, large regional differences, to take a unified judicial examination is also questionable. In November 30, 2007 the Legal Daily published "the judge shortage survey of Sichuan: Here we judge did badly" a text of the disclosure, the judicial examination system since the implementation of Liangshan, Sichuan, Ganzi, ABA three minority area three state law, inspection system of nearly 1000 people reference, only through more than thirty people, Ganzi Quanzhou court only 1 people through the. Through the 8 people have resigned or removed from the. An old police in Zhaojue County, four open court, since, to the court from the township cadres work engagement, proficient in Yi customary law "Erbierji justice", a number of cases. In his retirement that day, hundreds of people spontaneously formed long walk him to ten miles to home. In the work room ceremony, he held his glass with tears in her eyes and said: "the villagers usually call me degu (judge), I think is a good de Gu, so I do my best, but I can not afford to test the judge, sorry everyone, only to retire ahead of schedule......" It make people sigh. In view of this situation, the Ministry of justice rack sth., came up with the backward areas to reduce the examination qualification threshold and reduce the fractional line two has to deal with this situation.

 

In recent years the proportion, see the table below:

Qualified line   year national qualified fractional line to relax the educational qualifications for registration area pass rate

  2003240 - 10.18%

  200436033511.22%

  200536033014.39%

  200636032515%

  200736032022.39%

  2008360315 unknown

As mentioned above, the 2008 national judicial exam the first time college reading students register for the examination, the number 370000 breakthrough 2008 participate in the national judicial examination, an increase of nearly 80000 compared to 2007, a record high. And from the above table shows, judicial examination has increased year by year the proportion of the trend. The judicial examination pass rate of competitive examinations from low to high rate of change through the qualification test of direction. However, if the judicial examination pass rate is very high, so also need what to do the test? Is law school graduation certificate itself is not able to explain the problem?

Judicial examination on towards the future, 2009 01 month 07 days, Southwest University of Political Science and Law high flying professor in the "Oriental Morning Post" published an article "culture test machine of the judicial examination will be abolished sooner or later", "put forward:" the judicial examination in a specific period, as to encourage citizens to choose to study professional legal and Control Co occupation post resources are the significance, but in the end it is best practice, training and appraisal law school as a way of judicial personnel selection of occupation, so, now the training test machine of the judicial examination will be abolished sooner or later".

The professor's point of view, I think it . However, presided over the judicial examination after all is a merit of the Ministry of justice, they are willing to give up power? But the judicial examination breed follow-up of a lot of industry chain, each year 300000 people enter oneself for an examination, must purchase the corresponding regulations and textbooks, on any press, is a rich opportunity. Coupled with the corresponding class, and let the candidates took out a lot of money. If the abolition of, then these vested interests: where to go?

However, hark back to the subject, in the present circumstances, the law school graduates, pass the judicial examination will substantially expand the employment space, it should try to pass the judicial examination. About how to prepare for the exam, any garbage or not to waste the judicial examination guidance materials, are introduced and exercise more or less the same, there is no redundancy,

 

 

3How to enter law firm

 

The most basic information about the firm, can generally be found on its website. Lawyer website generally have for this column, but linked mailbox. So, can be directly through the online mailbox send the resume in the past, or through the post office to send past paper resume. This is the most the most stupid, of course, also some people succeed by this method. But frankly, this kind of method, the success rate is very low. Why? Because, some firms are perennial hung recruitment mailbox, received daily mail are very much. If the mail resume before, if the first call to the law firm, it can greatly improve the hit rate. You can play in front of the phone, and then asked to the head of human resources, or related staff. If they want to tell you, their personal mailbox, your success rate will be higher. If just in time for their lack of people, maybe this is your opportunity.

However, some firms will also take the initiative to carry out some recruitment activities, such as school to do presentations, or through the school career guidance center issued a resume, but such a large-scale recruitment activities is very difficult, the general top are also to the schools do teach. Also depends on the market, such as the 2009, due to the impact of financial crisis, I estimate the initiative to carry out recruitment firms will be less. But in the market blowout situation, actively carry out recruitment firm may increase.

Here need to say is, to practice law firm very beneficial for employment. And some firms from hiring new assistant intern. Because of this, for internships and job almost as intense, early action should be necessary. Top domestic and abroad on the interns will pay, some even to 200 yuan a day, or good.

Everyone recognized, through an acquaintance, submit resume and the chances of success, to be much higher than the sea vote resume opportunity. This point, external and within the applicable. Therefore, accumulated some contacts is important. For example, the elder sister or by a tutor to resume. Even in school, lawyers, it can use the end of the lecture the opportunity of porcelain, have a look have a resume or internship opportunity.

In addition, the firm is also a shortcut to apply for scholarship. Because some firms scholarship activity, is actually a disguised form of recruitment activities. Scholarship students will be invited to visit the law firm, even by direct invitation to practice. Some scholarships are open to a lot of schools, such as described in the following up, the scholarship, scholarship, a formal application procedures. If the application process, your performance is very good, it is possible to get practice and the chance of being employed. Some firms located directly on the school scholarship, the application process is to master completely by the school, the firm is not involved, therefore, these scholarships and employment in practice is not directly related to, but if we can get these scholarships, also have to resume.

In addition, if can participate in moot court competition will also be of great advantage, to find a job. Among them, interest, and everyone recognized as "CIETAC Cup" international commercial arbitration simulation arbitration court debate persuasion, "international commercial arbitration, the arbitration tribunal simulation debate" (Willem C. Vis International Commercial Arbitration Moot), and "" JESSUP International Law Moot Court (International Law Moot Court) this three. As far as I know, students have participated in the competition, big partner is as the judges of phase, which can easily find a job.

 

 

4Analysis of the actual cases and legal career path

 

We must frankly admit, at the current employment situation, a considerable number of law school graduates are unable to enter the legal occupation. Therefore, must face to reality. But in my opinion, and was forced to change, it is better to consider this problem, take the initiative to make a choice.

Change does not mean that the four year legal education waste, on the contrary, compared with many other professional legal education, although may not ensure a living job, but tell us the human society and commercial society what is the operation. And for many occupation, whether to understand this point may be different.

As for the career goal, I think, can be roughly follows the principle, first of all, have a look each other's needs, some occupation need special law students, although its itself is not a typical legal position, for example, a reporter or editor. Legal professional reporter certainly have an advantage in reporting the social legal system news. For example, the human resources job, which involves a lot of knowledge of labor law, law students also favored. Secondly, to see their own interests, for their interest in the occupation, even if the other party does not specifically accepted law students, also want to take every opportunity to contact with the industry.

Of course, there are business. Many people's intuition is, entrepreneurship is the science students of liberal arts students patent, it is hard to start a business. May do so in practice, in the Zhongguancun science and technology park business students to science students. But, I think, that the arts can not start, is a misunderstanding, although his master some skills can greatly improve the possibility of success, but not to venture entrepreneurs must have some kind of technology as the premise. Entrepreneurs are the most important qualities of vision, is to understand the market perspective. Bill? DOS Gates does not own invention, but from Seattle Computer company bought the 86-DOS v1.0 version, renamed the release of MS-Dos to the market, this is the first successful operation Microsoft's fortune system products. If you have this vision, the legal person can venture. And the legal person has the knowledge, in terms of corporate governance, play an important role as well as the company legal risk.

In general, I think, not what to fixed mode or path, in addition to individual conditions and interests, opportunities may also account for a certain title. I took a few people I know for example.

Zero chairman survey firmYuan Yue

Yuan Yue and I had once. Heard that the survey firm is zero, during my university time. When the zero set up a few years ago, is still a very young firms. The reason that zero, mainly because the zeros in the school recruitment of students' doing a part-time job, there are many students to work, and income in the students' opinion is quite considerable. Just beginning to hear the zeros of the name, I feel very surprised, it is midnight to investigate? Just know later, zero mean, does not mean it, also do not represent negative, avoid leaning to either side, is not the default position of meaning, the official survey firm need. I saw Yuan Yue in the zero company. At that time the impression, Yuan Yue is very friendly, tell us, he is also learning the law, also once in the justice department work, and gave me a book he translated America books of the law. Finally, I successfully got zero a sponsorship. But at that time, I was still a little wonder, good law, doing what the survey firm?

Now, zero survey firm fame has great, is not only China best survey firm, was listed as one of the most influential Chinese China small and medium-sized companies, Yuan Yue's reputation is not small, has a lot of fans. But in Douban, fans of Yuan Yue built his own group, called Yuan powder. I think, if Yuan Yue is from a successful example of a legal change, we should not oppose.

 

We may wish to look at Yuan Yue's resume.

1981-1985 Law Department of Nanjing University learning

1985-1988 sent to the Southwest University of Political Science and Law, master degree of law

1988-1992 years work Ministry of Justice

Since 1992 to create zero survey firm;

In 1993, went to American Washington State University (WSU) in China private sector short-term visiting research;

1997-2000 years of the Sociology Department of Peking University to study sociology dr.;

In 1997, went to England to University of Oxford in the floating population of Chinese short visit;

2000-2001 was awarded master's degree in public administration from Harvard University USA.

Social work:

The European public opinion and Market Research Association China (Beijing) representative; China Market Research Industry Association (CMRA) vice president and Public Relations Committee; Advisory Committee Olympic development strategy; China international economic and Trade Arbitration Commission mediation mediator; Beijing Consulting Industry Association (BCA) vice chairman; chairman of association of Beijing Consulting Industry Market Research Committee the private economy research; Chinese will (CPEA) director; visiting professor at the College of public administration of Tsinghua University, advisor Development Strategy Institute; Adjunct Professor of Southwest Jiao Tong University; Nankai University International Business School MBA part-time tutor.

Social activist, provide entitled American Carnegie international peace center, National Committee of University of Oxford, Sino US trade, Japan "Japan China Economic News" and other institutions.

The main works

"The rich", "civilian side there Chinese side America there", "effective negotiation: how to win favorable outcome", "public opinion survey theory and practice", "perfect", "nervous", "step by step to absolute zero - the upper body and the rest of the MSN online dialogue", "experience", "Harvard market survey Handbook", "observation", "China administrative legal responsibility theory", "the theory of offender rehabilitation" etc.

 

The occupation ideal

Why did Yuan Yue choose legal? According to Yuan Yue himself, were selected to study law, because the "Sherlock Holmes", attracted by the inside of the detective story. So, has a bachelor's and master's degree in law from the Nanjing University and the Southwest University of Political Science and Law. But Yuan Yue also found that, "but most of the law is not the. And this I did choose motivation is not the same. At the same time, I study law and general law is not the same, most people learn the law is to learn the many articles, and I pay more attention to motivation behind the law '' (public opinion), this thought and I chose survey industry is directly related to." In Yuan Yue's view, promote the progress of law, not in the provisions on progress, and is the master of the public opinion in the extent. For example, when reading a graduate student, Yuan Yue wrote "the public opinion and the embodiment of law", "civil information right legal protection", "commercial information -- a new object of civil legal relationship" this article. 　

 

Why choose survey

In 1988, Yuan Yue was assigned to the Ministry of justice work. But Yuan Yue felt, in the organs inside, can do very little. At that time, he and some international scholars have some cooperation, and received American Gallup delegation in 1991. Gallup (Gallup George) is USA mathematicians, is also the founder of the sampling survey method, the poll organizers. Created by Gallup Gallup Consulting Co. Ltd, specializing in market research and market research, is the world's largest public opinion survey and management consulting group, with 40 branches in 20 countries. Yuan Yue suddenly feel survey in this way good, do a industry and to embody his hobby to do research. Based on this consideration, he felt that the survey is a good occupation." 　

 

Entrepreneurial experience

In 1992, Yuan Yue and 5 partners to create zero survey firm. At first, the survey firm to do a lot of zero will not look profitable research, such as investigation, the private economy China national investment environment evaluation survey, basically no profit. However, in 1997, the development of zero survey firm into the fast lane, as has its own clients and its own research and technology companies, customers come. In 2000, Yuan Yue founded the forward strategy and index data company, founded in 2003, long-term investment company, we will investigate the industry chain to extend.

Yuan Yue belongs to the initiative to give up type. Yuan Yue graduated from the school originally selected is the legal occupation Road, and to work, the Ministry of justice theory, has been very smooth, as the national ministries, the Ministry of justice work enviable occupation, the law also is on track, to continue down the road is a typical civil servants. However, Yuan Yue is like tossing, unwilling to quiet life. And he is to survey the work more than office work interest only, so Yuan Yue gave up the civil service, choose to start their own business. Yuan Yue's legal professional background is not completely wasted, because the motivation behind the law is public opinion, so investigation and law have great relevance. But, more importantly, survey industry not only meet Yuan Yue personal interests, but also has considerable market demand, due to start early, the investigation has become the industry leader.

 

 

5Analysis of the industry, company law

 

In-house salary, mainly depends on the corporate legal industry salary. So the selection of an industry, is very important!

First of all, from the aspect of competition, all enterprises, can be divided into monopoly and free competition in the industry. Monopoly industries should include resource type industry, public utilities electric water, tobacco industry. From the perspective of monopoly, can be subdivided into what belongs to administrative intervention and the monopoly, or is formed based on the competitiveness of enterprises monopoly. For example, the oil industry belongs to administrative intervention and the formation of monopoly, in such monopoly advantage, as long as the national policies, enterprises have continuously from monopoly profit. But the risk is that, once the national policy loosening, monopoly advantage may crumble overnight. While the enterprises based on competition and monopoly, such as Microsoft, advantage is not affected by the national policy adjustment, but the drawback is that changes in the market situation, Mo Ce, if the enterprise innovation, it is possible to lose the advantage position.

How to judge the enterprise belongs to monopoly, or the free competition, a simple approach is to see how many of his competitors. For example, in the field of telecommunications, there were six, but in 2008, China Unicom merger and Chinese Netcom, basic telecommunication business Chinese Satcom into China Telecom, China CRC into China Mobile, the six major operators also remains three. Monopoly is no doubt.

Secondly, from the enterprise development time, can be divided into the mature development of large and medium-sized enterprises, and small business. In large and medium-sized enterprises advantage, all kinds of system of large enterprises more normative, treatment protection. But the drawback is that, enterprises are often a galaxy of talents, opportunities for increased co.. The advantage of small enterprises is the lack of qualified personnel, individual, space is very large, the opportunity to exercise more. But because the enterprise in the development phase, the system are not mature, so the risk is very big. I once read an article on the Internet, called "Zhu Geliang" occupation planning. The article mentioned, Zhu Geliang achieved a personal career success, occupation choice in the final analysis depends on the Zhu Geliang near perfect planning, one very important reason is, "to the eve, Cao Cao and Sun Quan two group have a galaxy of talents, large-scale, if Zhu Geliang goes to, most can only be a" middle management personnel "; and Liu Bei group was mainly composed of some generals, senior staff talent scarcity, Zhu Geliang may well have been promoted into the top leadership! Zhu Geliang was an orphan in former days in the troubled times, if not the correct occupation choice assistant, is likely to be drowned in the dust of history, never known! But aggressive and there is quite a chapter of Zhu Geliang through the perfect choice in the occupation plan, completely changed their own destiny". However, it needs to be pointed out that, although Zhu Geliang will have a huge space for development, but also faces enormous risks. Therefore, from a pragmatic point of view, I suggest, unless it is a detailed investigation, understand the company's background, or otherwise do not easily enter the small enterprises or family enterprise, otherwise, the corporate culture not only make you sad, but take your opportunity cost.

Once again, from the industry point of view, the development level of each industry and profit rate in different. Can be roughly divided into sunrise industries and sunset industries. Any industry has its own law of development, in the initial stage of the development of an industry, due to fewer competitors, may obtain sudden huge profits, but once the industry mature, and industry does not have the threshold into the obvious, so the industry average profit rate will be reduced. From a long-term point of view, the industry average profit is certainly and the threshold of the industry, competitors many mutually linked.

And different industries involved in law may be completely different, such as when the law in publishing company, main legal problems may be treated is the copyright problem, but in the manufacturing enterprises, mainly the quality of the products, the purchase contract, loan contract and other issues; in the financial industry, is probably the main compliance problems. Therefore, when you enter a trade, is likely to be the last. We can imagine, a manufacturing in-house lawyers can easily move to the financial industry? So, when choosing profession must be careful.

 

 

6Company law PKLawyer

 

From the working pressure angle, in-house lawyers is easier than. Because the company is profitable sector is the business sector, so the business departments must be busy, and in-house if so busy, but that the company what went wrong. The corporate legal daily work more, generally work in progress are controllable, today take nothing can put off till tomorrow. Although a timetable, but not strictly, sudden events are generally not more than. And the company legal to use external resources is more also, such as business departments and external partners. If you can't come, also can put the big project onto the perennial legal counsel to go there. However, nothing is absolutely. For example, the boss of the company, or the legal department head is a workaholic, so in-house lawyers also hard than.

But law firms to make money is a lawyer, so of course hope partner lawyer ramped up work. The lawyer is not always busy, but there are a lot of emergency work. Because you cannot predict which customers what time will have what things suddenly broke out, and the client always wants you to put his things in the first place. And each project have a clear timetable. Therefore, lawyers often because of large projects to suddenly overtime. Even when idle, lawyers should also be made to participate in training or self-study, so can not keep up the progress of legislation and judicial.

From the perspective of interpersonal relationship. Any company, small but complete. There is always the boss, a vice president, business department, personnel department, customer etc.. A company is just the company's development objective law, everything should be subordinated to the company. Company law major is law, so it is risk averse; but the market sector income and performance is linked, risk preference is type. So as the company lawyers, not only to the head portion of the view of law in the face, but also the leadership of the company, and other business departments face. In general, the business department of the company to pursue efficiency, hope the legal departments of power as small as possible; the examination content less; review of time as short as possible. Moreover, the company legal the headache is, although the suggestion from legal risk control perspective, but suggest that often because must obey the global strategy of the company, which had to make the final compromise. And the business department of forensic not seriously, just wait until the problem that the legal department to wipe my ass. Some of the company's legal department level is particularly high, the legal department of the head is the vice president of the company, to speak more. If the law department head level is not high, and the management of the company does not support of legal department, legal department is often more passive. In addition, the internal pressure of promotion company, competition is intense, in-house lawyers may also promoted into management, and this and other departments of the candidates produced position competition, therefore, in-house lawyers often involuntarily into some personnel struggle to. In this regard, suggested going to do in-house rookie read about "Du Lala promotion" (Li Ke, Shaanxi Normal University press ), will have a very perceptual knowledge on company politics.

But law firms in the personnel relationship is much easier. There are only four kinds of people: a law firm partner, lawyer, lawyer assistant and secretary. In the domestic service, lawyer assistant just become a transitory, lawyers and law firm, in fact, there are only three kinds of people. The Secretary will not become a lawyer, without any relationship between competition, so only need to deal with the relationship between the partners, as well as other lawyers can. From the relationship between customers and the general view, the lawyer entrusted specific treatment is one thing, work, principal-agent relationship also ended. And legal documents, generally only need to consider the legal issues. Therefore, the relatively detached position.

From the pressure of life, general compensation company legal compensation depends on the company's industry, and the company's specific business situation, however, the corporate legal person does not need to pay concern, also do not have to worry about whether the business. For firms, if firms operate in the company system, then the lawyer's pressure is relatively small, but if the traffic is not full, will also affect the end of the year bonus. For the partner and lawyer commission system, the source of pressure is very great. If there is no stable source, the survival and development of the partners or lawyer may appear crisis.

From the occupation atmosphere aspect, the company, the working relationship, the various departments often need to work more, contact, and the company's number will generally be more, you can usually find the friends have the same likes and dislikes or Freemasonry. But the lawyer's job is to work alone, although lawyers have the team, but also for business exchanges and discussions. But after all, people usually less, cross business is not much, so the lawyer seems more casual. Unless it is the same in the law firm, will have a sense of community; to halfway into law firm, often can not find the collective feeling.

From the prospect of occupation, after the company law has developed to a certain level, the general is also responsible for legal department, basic occupation career went to the vertex, upward development almost no space, unless to do management. And with the position space to the vertex, salary, with peak, continue to increase the salary is not possible. In a small company, may not take too long, can reach the height. From the professional perspective, the corporate legal professional requirements, subject to the industry and the scale, if the company is small, it may just need some basic knowledge of the contract is enough, so the company legal work to do long, legal knowledge is likely to shrink. In law firms, nominally, reach the partner, also reached the peak position. However, partner of the business can still continue to widen, income also can continue to increase. From a professional perspective, the current law division of labor is getting smaller, so the lawyer's professional requirements is endless. Only become a true domain experts, can be a good lawyer.

For the new exercise, what is the company law, or law firm? This is the concrete analysis of concrete problems. As previously mentioned, only the top 20% law firms, likely hit the big. If you cannot go, so consider in-house, especially large corporate law departments, benefits and opportunities may is superior to the common law firm. In addition, still should see about yourself. We often talked about, lawyers should have awareness of business (commercial sense). That is to say, the lawyer's business, is ultimately what services to commercial activities, rather than independent of commercial activities. For example, why mergers and acquisitions? This is because it has significance in commercial development, not only destroyed the competitors, to expand market share, but also for the time. Discussion of company law have the opportunity to participate in the company's other departments, can greatly expand their business sense. But, in general, law firms do not need to consider the business problems, only need to consider the legal. A long time, thinking may become more and more narrow, drill into the legal horn can not come out. Therefore, if you think he is a commercial genius, that priority should be given to in-house, and then go to the pure commercial management. In addition, should also be considered, in-house lawyers from the character, but also a management position, management need to deal with people, not just with the abstract legal issues to deal with. If the good interpersonal relationships, it should tend to the corporate legal; if more love become legal experts in a field, you should tend to lawyer.

Of course, any work to the top, it is not live, just need to concerning the problems of heat to heat. Therefore, whether it is in-house, or lawyers, to really succeed in any way, it is not an easy thing.

 

 

7The judicial organ of VSLaw firm

 

Two years ago, Shanghai Xuhui District judge Hu Yongmin in "Dongfangluzhou" nickname in the Tianya forum issued a strong legal posts, "eight reasons" Shanghai judge legal literacy has surpassed Shanghai lawyer, a great impact. This article was included in the " occupation planning guide: judge" from law school student to expert and a Book (Legal Publishing House published in 2008). This paper made a comprehensive comparison of judges and lawyers occupation, have a certain effect on the new job orientation. Hu's opinion is reasonable, but the individual places there is not comprehensive, analysis is as follows:

For example, in the beginning of education, Hu judge, judge in Shanghai starting education is the legal professional master graduate student, but the beginning of Shanghai lawyer's undergraduate degree is not restricted by the professional. But, I think, this is not representative of the national situation, the revised "of the people's Republic of China" and the "law of the people's Republic of China Lawyer Law", since January 1, 2002, the starting point of judges and lawyers qualifications by the college to undergraduate, nationwide, judges and lawyers access threshold is the same. Moreover, even in the city of Shanghai, each law firm entry threshold is completely different, the top may brand school admission only master, but little is unable to graduate education and university one is graduated from picks.

In the recruitment examination, Hu believes that, despite a few big firms have also passed the written test to recruit a lawyer or a lawyer assistant, but the strict degree are lower than those in the civil service examination. In general, the court of Shanghai civil service examination of the open, equal, competition, preferred the advantages of Shanghai firms cannot be put on a par with the exam. But, I think, from the entrance point of view, the top law firms employ competition, the examination is very strict. Therefore, cannot lump together. More importantly, the difference between the two is that after entering the. After entering the court, the court generally do not take the initiative to eliminate, but adverse elimination. Super capacity, and ideas of the people, in general, do a few years after the judge, will consider to jump out of a lawyer. But law firms to fight in the market, the basic rule of market economy is the survival of the fittest in natural selection, survival of the fittest, often is the strong win.

On the job training, Hu judge, judge in Shanghai compared with Shanghai lawyer, training time longer because each of the actual, and were full-time paid while maintaining high training to heart, more conducive to improve the legal literacy. Law firms have only short-term training. But I think, short-term training law firms Hu judge to understand, just Lvxie mandatory training, and in the internal top law firms, training almost every day. But some law firms to establish a complete system of internal network, the training data is very rich.

In the professional division, Hu judge, Shanghai court and court have strict specialization. A court in Shanghai between the division of labor, including the court trial level division of labor and specialization. Division of Shanghai court interior, including the division of labor between between the court and the collegiate division. The lawyer for the case with a field to undertake, there are competition relations between each other, and the competition is mainly around the subject of litigation value to start. As long as the agent costs enough, lawyers usually will not give up the opportunity to undertake. Therefore, lawyers in the case of business types, have a tendency to a pursuit of expansion compared with the judge. The results will lead to the law than the judge is not comprehensive, professional judges. In this regard, I can only say that the law firms Hu for the division of labor within the understanding is not enough, in fact, a large law firm's work has been very carefully, in complex cases, is often the team work, could put more than a dozen or even dozens of lawyers working together, this is the court cannot compare.

In the case that the number of judges, Hu, Shanghai each judge years closed more than 120 pieces, which belongs to the full load operation. More than 7000 Shanghai lawyers, lawyers annual closing more than 20, equivalent to only a fraction of the judge. But, I think, lies in the statistical problems, some lawyers is non litigation business, never agents of any litigation, if this part of non litigation lawyer out, quantity statistics lawyer actual agent of the case will greatly increase. A good lawyer and legal, is to help clients nip in the bud, therefore, the importance of legal services in out of litigation, and how can easily ignore?

In the unit size, Hu believes that, in addition to the special court, Shanghai each district court work number in more than 200 people, including the number of judges are in more than 100 people. Shanghai has more than 7000 lawyers, law firms have 650 homes, the average firm only 10 more than person, not much difference between the early development and recovery of lawyers, and repeated scale expanded after the emergence of the splitting of the. But I think, some lawyers firm size is very small, but the number of such firms a lot. Therefore, an arithmetic mean, the lawyer is down. It's like China vast territory and abundant resources, but the per capita, even down. In fact, if you look at the Shanghai ranked among the top ten law firms, scale and the court quite. If you want to see Beijing ranked among the top ten law firms, far bigger than the court.

In the economic situation, Hu judge, judge Shanghai net income basically in 100000 yuan to 200000 yuan between, all belong to the middle class. Shanghai lawyer income on their own income, ups and downs; present polarization trend. A successful lawyer to be rich and cruel, left, behave in a vicious and unrestrained way, use unscrupulous divisive tactics is disgraced lawyer. I think, two stage differentiation phenomenon does exist. However, different incentive mechanism, for lawyers, the survival of the fittest, more pay for more work. The judge, fixed wages, work nature is less. But for newcomers, whether it is holding 100% death wages, or to try, to take only a 20% chance of getting paid? How to choose, depends on the individual character and strength.

In summary, Hu judge's view may not be comprehensive, conclusion may not be set up. Also, we need to pay attention to, China judge selection is not from the mature experience in the selection of law lawyer, but part company each going his own way in the university graduate, go on the road of different occupation.

Don't let all the law to the people to do the judge? I think, we should establish a principle, is the economic growth is mainly driven by the market, therefore, we should encourage outstanding talents to create wealth to the market, so as to promote the economic development. If a society is the most outstanding talent is not on the market, and are in the government agencies, is not conducive to the development of society.

 

 

8How many judges

 

If you want to be a judge, I have to congratulate you. Because you may not have noticed, Chinese is most likely to be the judge of the state!

Why do you say that, because the population average, Chinese is has the most number of state judge. China how many judges? The latest official statistics I don't find the Supreme Court in 2004, according to the report on the work of the Chinese people's courts at all levels, a total of 194600 judges. According to the 1300000000 population calculation, each of the 7000 or so people have 1 judges. But this is not we have a number of "part-time judge", according to a 2009 Supreme Court report, a total of 55000 people's assessors.

Let us have a look how the foreign. From the medieval court of King's bench set up to 1813, the country only dozens of British judge for the trial of cases all the. By 1986, the whole British about the judge about 500. In 1997, Britain has a population of 59000000, there are 954 full-time judges, including 12 judges, 25 appeal judges, 95 Senior High Court judges, 520 circuit court judge, 302 district judge, there are also about 2000 part-time judge. Germany in 2000 the national population of 82200000 people, the existing number of judges is about 2100. Japan's 2000 national population of 126700000 people, the number of judges is about 2224. Supreme Court of all 15 judges, the judges all 288 judges, local judges all 911 judges, family court approximately 200 judges, simple the approximately 810 judges. Mexico in 2000 the national population of 98900000 people, the number of judges is about 755, of which the federal court system has 409 judges, the state court system consists of 346 judges (judge Zhao Xiaosuo "Chinese amount to" load "people's forum").

The foreign population and the number of judges than, Britain is 100000 ∶ 1; Germany 40000 ∶ 1; Japan is 60000 ∶ 1; Mexico is 130000 ∶ 1. China and judge the highest proportion of German art, also its six times.

Foreign judges, though small in number, quality and efficiency in handling the case is high but. For example, some statistics, America federal appeals court in 1990 a total of 156 judges, the total number of handling of the case was 36609, the average number of judges to deal with cases of 234.7 pieces; USA Federal District Court judge in 1990 a total of 575, handled a total of 266783 cases, the average number of each judge handling the case for 464 piece.

Then have a look China efficiency of the judge, according to the Supreme Court of the report, the number of cases of our court concluded in 2008 of about 9840000, divided by 200000 judges, the number of cases in China the average judge about 50, does not seem much.

Of course, the above simple numeric comparison hides many problems. Because, first, assistant foreign judges have a considerable number of assistants and clerks, can achieve a ratio of about 5 to 10 an assistant judge. And China judge, is several judges share a clerk and assistant. In addition to the trial work, Chinese judges must bear a great deal of chores, for example, pretrial exchange of evidence, presided over the organization of court mediation, the parties of the case, the agent receives, defenders, visiting and consulting documents, investigation, collection, and check the relevant evidence, adopt litigation preservation measures; even the family planning, land acquisition demolition, construction of health city, and all the rest. Therefore, if the total number of staff with a foreign court, compared between the total staff and Chinese court, may be more meaningful

Second, China area difference is too big, the average figures conceal our court phenomenon of unfair treatment. Part of the judge, in almost no other external help, the number of cases is an amazing number. For example, the Guangzhou Baiyun District People's court criminal tribunals Wang Wen in an interview said: "in Guangzhou it's really not easy." Wang Wen said, in 2005, the number of her year concluded cases has reached an astounding 504, ranked the first in Baiyun District court. She was tired and sick, and even serious enough to wear for cervical spondylosis neck hoop to the court. The number of Wang judge to hear the case, has already exceeded the number of American judge trial. But American judge is in legal assistants, clerks and secretaries to help to complete. But king judges, basically is the person to complete the trial and other chores.

 

 

9Legal study is non

 

I think in the study before, first, is to understand what students: what can I get? Why you want to study? And the study of worth in the end?

Of course, students first of all we can think of is to improve my english. But, to tell the truth, the students returned but the English still suck LLM handfuls of. Therefore, if you think a year abroad, the English training like Si like this, then I advise you to give up. However, by studying abroad, English is more or less will have a certain progress. This is because, going abroad, when LSAT exam, IELTS, was forced to strengthen an english. Study abroad for a year, listening, reading, writing essay (Thesis), English and there will be progress. But progress will amount to much, relies entirely on the personal efforts. I think, for the LLM attack the reader, to students in just a year, has made great progress in English, we must seize every opportunity. For example, in particular a wide variety of Party Foreign universities. If you try to escape from these social activities, or participate in, but always hide into a small corner does not speak, the harvest of course is very small. If you can meet this kind of situation, you will find a foreigner and can talk about things or pretty much. For LLM, everyone will be shocked by the teacher of reading material, reading those cases and the absolute is the grim temper, all reading is almost impossible. This is not alarmist, not just because English is a foreign language for us, I once asked a Canadian students, he said he couldn't finish reading it. But in the range of allowed energy and ability, to complete the reading material in advance, it can improve the effect of lectures. When the class, students are the biggest drawback Chinese is too shy, sometimes, foreign students can think of the answer, Chinese students also think, just afraid of the wrong, or if that's not good, so I can't say. But if you can get up the courage, to answer the first question, you will find the next question would be easier. Some schools will be arranged to write some small paper (Essay), and the teacher himself. This is a great opportunity, for the teacher to give your correction and comments must Study hard to understand. In addition, watch more TV is a good way, if you insist on reading for half an hour every day, BBC or CNN, English listening will have a great progress. In short, a year has passed very quickly, must make a conscientious.

Of course, studying abroad can also bring a diploma to you. Whether this diploma will contribute to the job? I think, should also points. If the cow school, on the job should be helpful. If the general school, studying abroad may bring additional value is not. Even the cow school LLM (or even JD), there is no guarantee that you enter the top the top, even within the. This is mainly determined by the supply and demand. Each year the number to go abroad to read LLM how much, no accurate statistics. But in recent years, each year the number of overseas students in hundreds of thousands of people, such as in 2007 150000 people. The number of America and Britain to most, the total should be sixty thousand people. In the fifty thousand or sixty thousand students, how much is the legal profession? No statistics, I think there should be thousands of people. But the domestic top law firms in each of the vacancy? But returned to face domestic competition of College graduates. So, study on employment may also help, also may not help. Of course, in addition to home, will have a certain number of LLM students each year, can enter the international host countries or Hongkong law office. The LLM degree, almost is a necessary condition for the entry, but this is only a necessary condition, but not sufficient condition. With the increase in the number of LLM China students entering a foreign branch, is more and more difficult.

However, if we think of life as an experience of words, and enjoy the exotic culture through the study and is not found in the domestic, this is perhaps the biggest harvest of studying. Therefore, please do not forget to go abroad, put a Lonely Planet in the bag (the best travel publications). But as long as the spare capacity to learn words, must go to travel. In this regard, I think to go to Europe than America advantage. Only in the Easyjet (a Budget airline company) to buy a cheap ticket, or buy a Europass can travel to Europe. But the European each country's culture and customs are very different!

WRSA vice president Wang Huiyao has talked about an interesting phenomenon, is the returnees "return to the native culture shock". He said: "when a person living in a foreign culture, experience culture shock, adapt to the foreign culture, to return to the motherland, often can not meet some of the symptoms. Called "reverse culture shock". From one culture to another, from one environment to another environment, from one value to another value, these contradictions and conflicts can exert an influence on their psychology and attitude". This kind of shock, I also experienced. Before going abroad, I for Beijing's crowded, sandstorm, dirty and polluted the air turned a blind eye. However, from Europe to Beijing, off the plane, I took a deep breath, immediately miss europe.

In Europe, as long as it is not cloudy, sky is always blue, not Beijing's haze, there will be no more sandstorms. Most of the European train station can calmly directly into the platform, and not like the Beijing Railway Station to a security check, and then to the waiting room to squeeze the smelly half, then sweat climb a bridge to the platform. In the European universities, graduate students live in a dormitory, don't like domestic universities as roommate must close contact, etc.. However, Chinese not America, not europe. If you intend to still take root Chinese, you must accept China status.

The Anglo American countries, can also enjoy the charm of the common law. Although the long history of Chinese legal system, but in today's Chinese law inside, almost no trace. During the period of the Republic of "Six Laws", from the exquisite degree of legislative technology, has reached a considerable height, is a milepost of legal transplantation. However, the new China since founding, "Six Laws" was as the historical old law abolished. The new law China experienced twists and turns, in 1978 to achieve greater development. The new China although nominally still uphold the traditions of continental law system, but at present in commercial legislation, such as the field of securities, almost completely copy Anglo american.

The fundamental reason for this situation is that, in the context of globalization, English is the language of the world really. Now, the global financial center in New York and London, but not in Paris or Berlin; the main commercial contract is in English, not German or French; even within Europe, such as the European Commission's internal, although there are a lot of working language in name, but only one language in real work, is english. Understand this point, the state is very important for everyone to choose to study abroad. Therefore, I personally recommend to English speaking countries such as the UK, Australia, American, instead of France and other European countries to study law. Of course, everything is not absolute, everybody knows French, English, German, Japanese people who know little. If the market segmentation from the point of view, to study in national minority languages, may later specialized to do legal business in the country. But even with this relative, legal services related to only is confined to the country. And now Chinese and French, German, Japanese exchange can use english.

From the choice of courses, I suggest you choose some of the company law, securities law, international economic law such practical course. Such courses to also use, is conducive to employment. You may be right in public international law, jurisprudence, criminology, such courses are more interested in, but as I said at the beginning, you should first think of home, and not just individual interest, unless you are determined to engage in academic work.

Last, but certainly not least is expensive, students. This is because the current foreign universities are seeing a LLM of this big market, in succession from which divides a cup of a thick soup. Read the LLM degree, tuition plus living expenses, American top law schools are now generally take 50000 to $70000, the most expensive in New York. Although the UK is slightly cheaper, nor less than 20000 pounds. JD is more expensive. Moreover, LLM basically no what scholarship opportunities. Some individual school scholarship, but places less, but the amount is not high. Chinese students can really get LLM award, a national estimate that several people.

Study abroad and the timing is also has the very big relations. Undergraduate graduation to go abroad directly, save time, avoid detours. But the work experience, and experience with strong words, such as ever in the national ministries, the world 500 strong companies, or top law firms to work, at the time of application, rather than directly from undergraduate programs study abroad students have the advantage, but also the chance to find a good job after graduation, but also some more. Therefore, some people say LLM is the icing on the cake, not timely assistance, it is not too much. And after working for a few years, have some savings, economic pressure is small. But if encounter good boss, willing to pay part of the tuition fee, but also to "steal happiness".

Notable is, as the 2008 financial crisis, LLM students have more and more difficult to find work trend. Earth rabbit Internet appeared even "labor price American LLM" charges. Post net friend called "see", "Beijing post mentioned: technical workers of construction site, now a monthly salary of more than five thousand yuan. Law returned less valuable, 500000 of the tuition fees do not know what month can earn back. American LLM really class time is 8 months or so, to learn things really co.. LLM it is a legal English training and American method entry of a degree, to improve English and legal knowledge is there, but was too limited. LLM is a American Lianqian machine, almost no scholarship. Recently the visa easily, America law school also appetites, Zhao Meng China students, the uneven quality of the students, what kind of bad people. Light New York University law school LLM project near 60 Chinese, a person spend an average of nearly 500000, calculate your own light New York University law school LLM project is how much money China students? All the people discuss with Global Pay case on the Internet, in fact can get Chinese almost is very rare, and even to get a decent job in America are few. Again the NY Bar (New York lawyer qualification certificate), the rate of this card Chinese almost more than 90%, to American read LLM can mix a NY Bar back, like four cards, we have, you find useful? Domestic firms had to LLM not cold, LLM way really not optimistic. Admonish the juniors, don't again in the USA LLM waste of money. 500000 in Beijing city to do a small business is enough, no need to American pull American economic growth, finish the LLM back to know that this is a cheap.".

 "Look at me" opinion, not to say yes or no. The global financial crisis of 2008, who are unable to predict, so the 2008 LLM employment situation is very poor, so it have be down on one's luck reason, Qin Qiong was also sell horses! But, then again, do the law in Beijing, 5000 yuan is also fold. If can enter the top, 500000 yuan of investment can quickly recover the cost, and profit. But, not being in the top of the can, or is the goal to be civil servants, I think, 500000 yuan LLM read is not cost-effective, of course, if there is a full scholarship is.

In short, I think, study abroad, what must want to know their chart, how to read after the employment situation, but also to be considered the economy do, and then do consider.

 

 

10To China lawyer industry

 

Beijing city law stand firm Liu Hui lawyers in its "person, quality and scale: who the Cailian dance in the sky? "In one article, put forward Chinese firms will show,Man, quality and scale are three types. I personally think that, in a more accurate to Chinese lawyer industry.

For individuals, the new "lawyer law" provisions of article sixteenth, the establishment of personal law firm, in addition to the provisions of article fourteenth shall comply with the conditions, people should also be set up with five or more years of practicing experience lawyer. He shall bear unlimited liability for the debts of the firm. In practice, I think that man can do further explanation, such as some nominally three or more partners, but in fact by a partner or control, named after the founder's name, this two kinds basically can be considered to be man. This kind of person, affected by factors such as the founder's founder, in a business super capacity, or network of deep, a person can be enough to support the whole law firm case and income. However, due to personal ability is limit, so if you want to become bigger and stronger, we must increase the partners. Otherwise, the individual will be stopped. Therefore, if you choose to personal employment, we must pay attention to its development limited.

The so-called boutique, is actually quite expertise in one area of the law firm. This is a bit like a hospital, for treatment of a disease at. This is, the bigger than men, generally have a dozen or more partners, has a considerable reputation in the industry. This class, the scale may not, however, in their own professional field, profitability is relatively strong, but the competition is also very strong. For the graduates, mainly to see this kind of expertise, Is it right? Their own areas of interest. For example, you wanted to become a securities lawyer, but to an intellectual property right, it may be completely waste time.

The scale, somewhat similar to general hospital, to provide a one-stop solution. The true sense of the scale, should be a large scale, the partners reached more than 100, covering all the major areas of the law, with branch offices in main city. For example, Jin Du Jun he should represent the size of the. The two firms are slightly different. Jin Du seems to pay more attention to the geography and population expansion. While the JUNHE on expansion slightly conservative. At present JUNHE besides the headquarter in Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Dalian, Haikou four branch offices in China, plus Hongkong and New York branches. While Jin Du besides the headquarter in Beijing, mainland China has eight offices, including Shanghai, Shenzhen, Chengdu, Guangzhou, Chongqing, Hangzhou, Tianjin, xi'an. In addition to Hongkong, Tokyo, Silicon Valley and New York branch. A lawyer for more than 600 people. In addition, these years expansion seriously big law firm. Now the city has been in more than 20 national with branch offices (including 5-6's approval), and established the strategic cooperative partners in Lanzhou, Nanjing, Shenyang, Fuzhou, Qingdao, Hohhot, Dalian City, has a nationwide network of legal services in accordance with the law; and the number of quantity and scale, a is a very big, but very strange, in the legal 500 without a name. However, I think, even size, can not be what all do, but is still concentrated in the highest profit sectors. As for the graduates, into the scale, like entering a lawyer industry "aircraft carrier", the survival pressure small. But the drawback is due to scale a galaxy of talents, people want to cut a striking figure, not easy.

If neither the scale, is not fine, also is the "mediocre". The development prospects of the law firm, one can imagine. For the graduates, should try to avoid being ordinary.

Law firm partnership system, determine the nature and the company's different. Close to, or you go away. So, Jun He law firm to rack one's brains to play the name "Jun", "gentleman force, Zhi Cungaoyuan". However, the vast majority of lawyers, to be kind, really is very difficult. Because of the general law firm, the biggest problem is that, once the big business, after the partnership number increase, the assignment problem is very difficult to reach an agreement. Therefore, if the system is not arranged, law firms are often faced with the separation of the problem again, it is difficult to do.

At present, from the firm's management, there are two kinds of, can be "company" management mode and "commission system" management mode. The so-called "company" management mode, generally refers to the law firm unity case, according to the case of professional requirements assigned with corresponding expertise lawyers work, can need according to the organization and deployment of the work team, to promote division of labor. In the salary system, from the partner to full-time lawyers, a hierarchical wage system. In financial management, law firm cost management, distribution of profits with each partner seniority depth, business capacity and whether in management positions and other factors, uniform distribution. Adopt a "company" management firm, usually focus on the unification of external professional image, to emphasize the division of labor and cooperation, relatively cohesive, service quality is stable. At present, the "company" management law firm is generally the scale and quality of the.

The internal law firm of company management, in accordance with the re classification of combination in the types of business, make internal competitiveness. For example, Jin Du divided into companies, financing, intellectual property, international trade and government affairs, litigation and arbitration block five. JUNHE is divided into foreign investment, mergers and acquisitions, securities and capital market, infrastructure and project finance, real estate and construction engineering, intellectual property, technology, 14 aspects. This decentralized business types, provide more service points for the firms, to avoid a single volume decline risks. Moreover, the financial crisis has proved, scale for financial crisis resistance ability is very strong.

And the so-called "commission system" management mode, is the essence of the case of income, divided into system between lawyers and law firms. As the name implies, "commission system" of the system, its focus is assigned lawyers fees, the distribution and balance of interests. In the "commission system" management mode, a lawyer to have the ability to open source, directly control the parties to form a business client resources, a complete business handling of the case, on the other hand, to follow up the charge process." The commission system "law firms, usually take the proportional distribution of cases of income or lawyer to pay management fees to the law firm in accordance with the amount of the fixed mode between law firms and lawyers. The overall costs borne by the lawyer law firm, lawyer expenses shall be borne by the individual lawyers. The Commission, including the mediocre, personal, and part of the boutique is.

Take the "Commission" law firms, for the case of rich lawyers, usually can get new envy business income, the new law on entry level, often because there is no case is also a lack of experience, it is difficult to have the opportunity of rapid growth." The commission system "management mode, for the worst problem is longer than the" go it alone "lawyer but lack the team cooperation ability, both the individual lawyers or law firms are relatively slow growth.

For starters, the commission system is very unfavorable, because, basically no new cases, therefore, not to mention, not even subsistence income. For mature lawyer, commission system is beneficial to improve the enthusiasm of work, but we act of one's own free will, and not conducive to the team. Now, more and more firms, including man, in order to increase the cohesion, the company system rather than the Commission system.

The lawyer's examination, many large law firm will set up a special department, working condition of each law review, for example, the provisions of a top lawyer, assistant should be no less than 1300 working hours of work into the lowest in the first year, including billing work hours and firms that may be included in the effective working hours non billable hours. Lawyers should be completed a year of not less than 1200 billable hours and 300 non billing effective working hour minimum workload, for lawyer partner, the partners according to the partnership agreement and the partners' meeting shall participate in decision-making, enjoy the dividends, the partner interests and lawyers benefit directly. for salaried lawyers (or lawyer, lawyer office), according to the labor agreement or employment agreement with fixed salary or. Lawyers, according to the number of salaried lawyers to complete a case case quality, working performance and customer evaluation criteria to assess measure salaried lawyers work performance. As the assessment for good, can be a bonus, travel, training, promotion partners.

The domestic top, now for the new into the lawyers are using the grade system, do a full year is a year, most calculations of seven or eight years, which seems to have more grade. Accordingly, each year, have a certain increase in salary. In general, the fifth grade above, particularly outstanding, will have the opportunity to upgrade to partner. Be slow, eight years, the rise to the partners almost.

 

 

11The foreign law firm VSChina law firm

 

That's basically is the case, then I would like to introduce is the representative offices of foreign law firms situation, also known as the.

Theoretically speaking, Chinese legal markets open to market access of foreign law firms, is limited, foreign law firms not engaged in China legal services.

According to the "Regulations" management representative offices of foreign law firms, representative offices of foreign law firms and their representatives, can only engage in the following activities do not include Chinese legal affairs:

(a) to provide the foreign law firm to the parties concerned have been allowed to engage in the lawyers law consulting, and consulting the relevant international treaties, international practice;

(two) by the parties or China law firm commissioned, handle legal affairs in the foreign law firms have been allowed to engage in the business of the national lawyers;

(three) on behalf of foreign parties, commissioned by the Chinese law firms to handle China legal affairs;

(four) through a contract with China law firm to maintain long-term relations of handling legal affairs commission;

(five) provide relevant Chinese legal environmental impact information.

In addition, the regulations also stipulate representative office shall not employ China lawyer; auxiliary personnel shall not provide legal services for a client.

 

The provision is based on China accession to the World Trade Organization and the development of the. We can see, foreign law firms to provide only the China legal environmental impact information. But what impact Chinese legal environment information? This is a very vague concept, I'm afraid the Justice Department officials could not explain clearly.

Compared with the fuzzy concept, practice almost no supervision, on the actual day do basically is China legal services. For example, the non litigation, such as consulting, due diligence and so on, foreign law firms don't need and Chinese judicial and administrative organs of contact, the services provided only firms and customers know how to supervision, judicial organs? As for litigation or to declare to the competent administrative organ China business, which may be after the completion of the vast majority of the work, to entrust Chinese law firm to appear in court or declare it. So, the vast majority of the profits were earned outside. Therefore, the actual difference between the foreign law firms in China and China law firm, so big is not absolute as prescribed by law.

In 2006 06 months 07 days "daily of the first finance and economics" has published an article entitled "Shanghai Lvxie survey: the foreign law firms practising" article. The mentioned, foreign law firms are largely publicly obviously belong to the China legal services of non litigation business, including the drafting of contracts, for China legal interpretation; through written, oral, e-mail, provide Chinese legal interpretation, opinions and advice; to participate directly in application Chinese law related investment, mergers and other project negotiations. In addition, foreign law firms to represent the client registration, alteration, application, registration and other formalities to China government propaganda; and foreign firms can engage in China legal services. According to the Chinese WTO commitments, foreign representative office and China firms to remain "cooperation agreement" and "direct instructions Chinese law" carry out legal affairs, can also provide a "China lawyer environment information to customers". It can play the "edge ball" is behind the scenes, foreign investment directly engaged in China legal affairs in the name of Chinese law firm, legal advice they make, also by the Chinese firms, to verify the signature, translation of foreign issued, in fact it is difficult to monitor.

In addition, this article also mentioned that there is a "puppet" outside, there is the director of the law firm is Chinese, lawyer and China, but capital is foreign control, they pay recruiters, lease office space, the purchase of office equipment. So it can provide China legal services. Such firms, I also heard, does also exist. Because of the firm's business mainly rely on industry self-regulation, as foreign firms representative office is not Chinese IBA membership, Lvxie around central tube also has no right to tube.

Previously, I thought the other countries in the legal service market opening level and Chinese similar. However, while studying in England, I and a India classmate chat just know, foreign law firms in India does not have a branch and representative office. Similarly, in South Korea there is no! Visible, we joined the World Trade Organization in time to open up or very large. However, there is no way, who call China join WTO too late? Although the foreign law firm charges are very expensive, but in the cultural and communications, Multi-National Corporation and international communication, in general than the direct contact with the Chinese law firm and convenient. Of course, now Chinese top law firms in the communication and service in China, and the almost does not have what difference. In particular, the lawyer in the two types of the flow is very large!

However, from the view of employment, the "invasion" China legal business it may not be a bad thing for you. Because of the Chinese also doing business, so it needs a lot of understanding Chinese law, English and good China students. In addition, which also directly from the China law firm poached talent. However, strictly speaking, the lawyer cannot claim to be the China lawyer. After Chinese lawyers licensed access to foreign firms, also will be in charge of the lawyer certificates temporarily reverted to the Bureau of justice, so it is not Chinese lawyer.

The salary and other benefits, is generally higher than domestic institute. It is understood, at present in Beijing and Shanghai of the British Magical Circle ("magic circle"), or USA Top tier firms outside, RMB 8000, is the first year salary year-end double pay, annual salary to 100000 yuan. Magical Circle is the five law firms in Britain, including Gao Weishen (Clifford Chance), Lida Secretary (Slaughter and May), '(Allen & Overy), Linklaters (Linklaters) and Fuld (Freshfields. Although the new starting salary is similar, but each year there will be an opportunity to review, so second years will be a big gap. For example, some will give legal assistant a 50% pay increase, while others are only nominal increase. Some are done after the first year wage the highest review scores can double, but not immediately get, to sign an agreement, can get not quit two years, so second years is about 12000 a month. Therefore, in particular, there are still some differences between the and.

With only a very few, the compensation generally lower than abroad. For example, qiupoem published in BBS SMTH four university law school student station on the "big" one firm visit records mentioned, a starting salary is 2000 yuan, undergraduate, master's 2500 yuan, 3000 yuan, combined with annual sales mission, and timing performance of duties. For example, 2000 yuan basic salary, must complete the task of a year of $70000, more than 70000 performance part, will get up to about 75-80% as a reward for returning, in addition, lawyers and cooperation of the departments, external doors, the hourly fee, 70 yuan per hour. Many times the opportunities for cooperation, if the individual ability to get everyone's approval, cooperation projects, then the individual actual salary in the 6-7 range.

Whether to go to the foreign good, or the good, each according to his lights. I think, outside and inside, each have advantages and disadvantages. How to choose, depends mainly on their own conditions. For an entry-level newcomers, the salary is higher, so more attractive. Similarly, the grade lower lawyer, the salary is higher than that of the. But the lawyer rapid promotion, do good, after six years on the possible promotion junior partner, but, the outside can never. For example, in Magical circle a, with offices in Beijing, there are more than 30 lawyers and assistants, but partners is only two, but is the devil. For the vast majority of which, in the process of promotion, can participate in some important business, even gradually accumulate some of your customers, but these two points in the outside is difficult, because the international customers tend to be long-term customers, even if is the new development of customer resources, firmly grasp in the partner hand, unique possibilities for lawyers to share customer resources. Of course, some people choose to work outside, accumulate a sum of income, then to the partner to do, many examples of. However, because the threshold generally higher, also some people go to the inside, then go outside, and then to the.

The content is only mentioned in China and the situation in the. For the foreign and Hongkong branch, the situation is different. In general, the British lawyer qualification is very difficult to get, to achieve after the British lawyer qualification, in LLM after graduation, also need to read a CPE program (Common Professional Examination), also need to do a year of Internship (Trainee), so to enter the UK headquarters Chinese students is really very rare. With USA lawyer qualification easier, so American law firm in the headquarters, or by American headquarters sent to Hongkong branch of the Chinese students more. However, the current consensus is, is LLM directly into the foreign is more and more difficult, the vast majority of LLM China are going home.

For the law and society closely linked to this professional, want to assimilate into the society and culture, and made great achievements, not to say impossible, but it is very difficult. I knew in England a Chinese girl, very good, in a Shanghai law school, read the undergraduate, and then read in English LLM and PHD, and passed the bar in the UK (Barrister) all the exam, is expert in the expert. But after she worked for a while in London, found the conversation topic is equestrian, golf, ski ah, ah, Wine ah, finally found themselves no way into big British lawyers groups, then choose to do a USA the London branch, to do the non litigation lawyers (solicitor).

 

 

12How to prepare legal examination

 

For the postgraduate entrance examination, must understand, it is only a matter of fact, long river of life, especially one of the exam China students long river of life. But, in any case, pay attention to it in the tactical, it can greatly provide the possibility of success.

Select a suitable for your school and professional. In many cases, the results identified in the beginning. So, know you enter oneself for an examination the school enrollment, correct evaluation of your exam, don't waste time.

Must be to have a definite object in view. For example, enter oneself for an examination the Peking University law school and University of International Business and Economics in preparation for the difference is very big. The attention to the comprehensive study on various legal subjects, while the latter emphasizes on Anglo American law and foreign language ability test.

Must guarantee a certain time. No time to strengthen memory, no one can succeed in the entrance examination. The two eight principle is also applicable, should put eighty percent of the concentrate, into twenty percent topics for. No liquor, could not get high marks.

For master students, without contact and mentor. But, on the contrary, it seems. However, if has the opportunity to contact your goal of school teachers and students, is a good thing. However, you also want to see, even the University's students may fail in the exam, so, should put main energy in review.

Finally, whether Kaoyan and Cobb is just one of the many choices in life, success is not equal to success in life. One failure does not mean failure of life. The exam is just one of the skills of people, no matter how the examination results, do not see too heavy.

 

The choice of what kind of law school

 

There is a story for having heard it many times, a just attended the graduation ceremony of Harvard graduates enormously proud of one's success to just get the graduation card out, he would call a taxi. The taxi driver the brilliance of his face, saying, "what's happened Sir?" The graduates slightly arrogant to say: "I was at Harvard, just graduated!" The taxi driver deadpanned: "Oh, I am also a Harvard graduate, class 85!"

The story shows what? Have a Harvard diploma can't guarantee success, but not equal to success. Of course, this is only the case, can not be confused and probability. From the probability point of view, university graduates to obtain higher risk compensation, still higher than that of non University graduates. Graduates chance for higher pay, still higher than non graduates.

From the point of view of employment, the advantage of school is very obvious. For example, some units may not consider the non school graduates. For example, Britain's top law firm, director of human resources for them, actually has delineated a number of prestigious law school, if not graduated from the law school, didn't even have the practice and written examination opportunity, not to mention the recruitment examination from talent showing itself. Non prestigious law school graduates, can only choose to enter the second-line or three line law firm; or enter the second-line, three line city law firm. And I will discuss in the third chapter, in this case, the probability of success will be greatly reduced.

A similar situation, but also in the presence of a large number of other legal positions. Many large enterprises recruitment sites have active screening resume function, can automatically remove the non 211 colleges and universities or non designated college graduates resume. For non 211 schools, even if the Internet to fill in the resume, finally only "empty" draw water with a bamboo basket, unable to obtain the written examination opportunity.

However, in the civil service or judicial organs of the open recruitment, because does not allow in the written before graduating from college were selected according to non graduates, therefore, if the written examination play better, is entirely possible to enter the interview, and obtain employment.

Another aspect, the elite will be specially organized for the students recruitment, school students don't come in, even to creep, to recruit units basically does not consider. School and Employment Service Center in the school and the website, website will generally have a large number of recruitment information. But this kind of website is limited to the school intranet users outside the school, students cannot login.

Unfair? Does not do justice to what. School students all get good grades in college entrance examination, so there is reason to harvest the fruit. Not only in the China, all that is in the world the. Harvard, Yale, Oxford, Cambridge, like this. The good schools, it is more likely (though not necessarily) success; alumni resources more, graduates will be looking for a job. The brutal competition? Cruel. But this is the reality, that is life. In fact, both schools, or non school graduates; both major in law, or law majors, first of all have to accept the reality, tenaciously to participate in the competition. No matter what kind of difficulties encountered, to keep slogging away, to get his own way.

In view of the importance of "origin", so, for the non elite law school students, if students can pass the entrance examination to change over. I think for senior high school students, in grades, permitting, must be treated cautiously school choice.

School of law can be divided into three types, Comprehensive University School of law, University of science and Technology College of law and politics and law school specialized. In my opinion, give priority to Comprehensive University School of law, because this kind of university disciplines, school reputation, strong comprehensive strength, alumni resources. The second is the kind of politics and law school, the school is well-known schools more comprehensive school slightly inferior, advantages in the fields of law alumni have the advantage of resources. The last is technical or specialized school of law school, the school of law school construction time is short, weak teachers, alumni resources are scarce, the school even fame, is limited in other fields, such as geological, chemical, mining, agriculture, difficult to benefit to the law science, so proposal unless cannot but, try not to consider such a law school.

In addition to the employment problem, comprehensive university in the humanities edification has more advantages, as he claims, professional school it is difficult to develop and cultivate the thinking of College students. The reason to make adjustment, comprehensive university of each department are set up professional college, because that's when the country needs is to master a technology, can accomplish the assigned tasks, without thinking of the craftsmen, instead of thinking of College students. The thinker is to have a critical spirit.

Of course, everything is not absolute, professional colleges are not craftsmen, and comprehensive university culture may not have thought. However, we have to admit that, comprehensive university, more equipped to absorb anything and everything, freedom of thought. And this is my recommendation for more comprehensive university.

 

 

13Law school graduate, how to break out of an encirclement

 

I think, in front of the law school graduates, a total of six roads: first, continue to read, including graduate school and study abroad; second, lawyers; third, the civil service exam; fourth judicial organs; fifth, company law and other laws related industries; sixth, to. Of course, the first way is only delaying tactics, finally must return to the second to sixth choices.

We in the North 2001-2007 years of law school undergraduate graduation whereabouts, to have a look the proportions of different options.

01 years 02 years 03 years 04 years 05 years 06 years 07 years

52% 63% 68% 59% 51% 50% 46%

21% 7% 10% 9% 9% 14% to 22%

27% 30% 22% 32% 23% 30% graduate school 27%

The other 17% 6% 5%

 

According to statistics, Peking University School of law, average employment rate of undergraduate 01-07 years is 90.7%, especially the 06 and 07 years respectively reached 94.3% and 94.2%. The following 07 years of graduates employment unit:

Domestic law firms: Jin Du 3, Fonda 3 people, in 3 people, 1 people of 1 Jun, trade, Deheng 1 people, a total of 12 people.

Foreign law firms in China branch: Wei KAI 1, Fuld 1, Gao Weishen 1, China 1, Kai Shou 1, becomes 1 people, a total of 6 people.

The judiciary: the Dongguan City Intermediate People's court 3.

Government organs and institutions: China poverty alleviation center development exchange of 1 people, the Ministry of land and resources of Land Supervision Bureau, 1 people, 1 people of Guangzhou state tax bureau, the Bureau of personnel of Chongwen District of Beijing City 1 people, Henan Fire Corps 1, the Liaoning Provincial Public Security Frontier Corps of 1 people, a total of 6 people.

Bank: Bank of China north 1, North 1 Everbright, China Merchants Bank North Guangdong Branch of Agricultural Bank of China 1 people, 1 people, a total of 4 people.

The insurance company: mass 1, AIA 1 people, 1 people of 1 Ping, pong, a total of 4 people.

Securities companies: 1 Shenyin & Wanguo Securities co.;

Other companies: China machinery and equipment import and Export Corporation, 1 people, 1 people of Shanghai Alcatel, Founder group, 1 people, 1 people Biguiyuan company, 1 Volkswagen automobile finance company, a total of 5 people.

Although the statistics may not be very full, but evidently, Peking University law school graduate, a considerable number of choice directly as a lawyer, a total of 18 people, and are the basic top domestic or abroad. Choose to a total of 9 civil servants and judicial organs, almost just do the number of attorneys general. Select 9 people to financial institutions, after the law firm, shows that the financial institutions to become one of the preferred target for law school graduates employment. Choose to other types of enterprises, but also are generally well-known domestic or Multi-National Corporation. Statistical data of Peking University law school graduates, I think of the top ten law schools should have certain explanation.

But for rankings after law school, graduates may be completely different. Presumably, the possibility to enter the domestic top law firms is very small, but can enter the local firms; number of civil servants and the judicial organs may be many, but limited to the compilation, success may also limited; to do business will have a certain amount of justice; should also have quite a few select switch.

In 2009 02 months 16 days, "Qianjiang Evening News" published an article entitled "law graduates mostly avoid Recruitment" article. The reporter mentioned, a university in the two university in Zhejiang and Nanjing respectively to extract three (law class are one or two), understand the employment.

 

Sample 1:42 law class

Kaoyan number: 15

The civil service exam: about 35 people, including 8 people into the national civil service interview (who also study section).

The winter vacation leave, can determine the following 5 people had found work, is basically in the legal department Bank or counters or business department. The 5 students working in Hangzhou, Ningbo, Wenzhou, working in Ningbo for most of the people." Are looking for their own work, online resume, or riding home relatives and friends to find. Among them, the bank provides 4~6 million annual salary, is pretty good.

 

Sample 2:65 law class

Graduate students (including the:33)

The civil service exam: about 37

Has been found to work with 4 people, including 1 people find jobs that don't fit right away. In recent years, the legal profession has been the school employment, civil servants, study, work, about 30% each. Among them, can be admitted to the national civil service, a fifty or sixty person class is about 2.

 

Sample 3:35 law class

Kaoyan number: 15

The civil service exam number: about 30 people, the class has 3 students passed the national judicial examination, but no one signed agreement.

By the three sample can be seen, for the legal profession famous universities, graduates engaged in legal position probability. And the legal profession in Colleges and universities, graduates with employment for the first objective, therefore in the legal position wishes are not satisfied. This fully shows the legal position, especially the legal position treatment is good and promising are very scarce. Compared with scarce jobs, law graduates is begged for be more than the fact that does not dispute. However, in general, six way above still apply for law school graduates. The six roads, the following chapters will respectively, analysis and presentation.

 

 

14Why did you choose the law

 

In so many professional, why only choose the legal profession? I believe that in this problem, each law, people, have their own answers. I once called a "Athens garden" site, see a call "taxue method" of netizens put forward this problem. He said: "we asked a common question, why did you choose to major in law? Or is how to go on the road in the law, law related occupation?" The following is an excerpt from the part of a person's reply, I think these replies, should represent the different motivation of the legal profession.

Cao Peng: the question I often ask people. Ask yourself, I can only answer: by accident! College entrance examinations at that time, in the face of so many professional name, not a clear. Our school is slightly interested in politics, and thought that the law and politics is one thing, or are not far behind, so hurry to fill the legal profession.

Method: the blind users begin to choose this major, because in high school just think the law is the embodiment of justice, so do not hesitate to choose it. Although it is not like I imagine is so simple, but still a one-track mind to like it.

The Meideng: see more Hong Kong films than judges, lawyers or awe-inspiring righteousness, talk rapidly., sharp, pierce to the heart of the matter. Like the language of the professional category, so naive as to choose the law major, like language classes can become the second major.

Net friend on the road: Test and then can only choose law. May walk like this. A decision seems to be very important, but not what more reason. Cannot decide, can only swim. Not like it or not, just a living occupation

Liang Yan: I want to study law, because the society exists many unfair flaws, a lot of people, especially the poor people don't know how to use the law to protect their own interests, some rational but because of poor can not go on the legal way and swallow insult and humiliation silently, so I initiation study law idea, so I learn law I want to provide free counseling and legal assistance to them, so that our social grievances less, fair a little more.

See, the answer to this question all kinds of. Some people choose to the legal profession, because it is full of ideals and vision. Some people are confused, a careful not to enter the legal profession.

 

For the professional choice, Dean of the Peking University law school professor Zhu Suli had a wonderful speech. In 2002, Beijing University Law School Freshmen welcome meeting, Su Li did a problem to be "find your love.". He said: "I hope that our students don't recognize their own professional, early ready to hang in a tree. ''. You should make full use of the favorable environment to learn, understand; not only the law, but there are other; not only is the theory, but also the common sense; not only is the book, but also the social; not only for others, but also his. Do you want a little more 'individualism' in learning, where that efforts should be made to find and pursue their academic and occupation interest. Do not tell me, that you have chosen the law. In fact, in the case of insufficient information, it is hard to say you are making this a 'choice', or do you listen to others about your choice, or follow the 'trend'".

Suli stressed the importance of love, because love can inspire people endless potential, is the great driving force for success. But if you find how to do their own love not the law? If you can easily turn professional or career change? You should first look for a job to settle down, then development?

Conversely, if you find yourself in love is the law, whether you have the success of quality in the legal occupation? In the final analysis is about the legal system, the relationship between man and man, if this is what you are good at? The law has strict logic, if this is what you are good at? Do you know the law school, has been to produce the product oversupply, into the top law firms of the road is a single plank bridge? For the idealists, whether you also think, lawyers do first is to fill the belly, rely on public services and legal aid to feed himself? Law firm is a for-profit institutions, some of the time, the law is only rich people the tools and game? The lawyer must rely on to rich people to provide services to achieve the greatest success? Whether or not you thought of fairness, justice and draw further apart?

We must recognize that, in many cases, only love is not enough. In this regard, Dr. Li Kaifu's view can be a supplement. Li Kaifu in his best-selling book "do your best" wrote: "although the interest is very important, but when the choice, must consider four factors: ideal, interest, talent and employment. Most of the time, and points out the development trend of the four factors that are not completely consistent, the best combination of points must find four, and as a basis for determining the type of work and their own direction in life. If the graphical representations, find the best combination of points is similar to finding the four cross intersection in the four factors".

The ideal. A dictionary for the "ideal" definition is to think of better things in the future and hope. I think for the law school students, many people are carrying, achieve justice and fairness into law school. Also some people is the movie theme lawyers speak in excitement style "confused", carrying a big lawyer dream into law school. However, before long, you will find, the surface bright behind, is like a fish out of water, the wearer knows where the shoe pinches. However, I must admit, to great achievements in the cause of people, must have a high ideal. Some people say, not because you are what kind of person, but what do you want to do the kind of person, to move in that direction, finally you will succeed.

Interest. Einstein said, love is the best teacher. Indeed, love lets us forget pain, loneliness, advance courageously, no regrets. The law is actually a very easy to make people lose interest in the subject, ambiguous concept, logical contradiction, actually often forced to exposed the ugliness of human nature. Don't force yourself to do didn't like things. If you have no choice, you must find the time, you really love field.

Talent. I found, people of talent and sometimes really quite large. Don't force yourself to do not do, or things are not good at. Don't because of your classmates good foreign language, be able to apply to Harvard's LLM depression, probably ten years later, he was just a common law outside the. And you after domestic marketer, has become his customers, he must be put one's heart and soul into services for you.

Obtain employment. Three employment and mentioned above are not isolated, but interact. Because of your aspirations and interests determines your idea of a "good job", good job but not everybody thinks generally. "". In addition you must have enough capacity (talent) to deal with this challenge. However, even if these problems are solved, or may be due to the asymmetry of information, and blind employment. In the next chapter, I will try to help eliminate information asymmetry. You should begin planning from a into the university law school life, shaping the law of your life.

 

Distinguish five kinds of degree: Law School chaos

 

Judging from the current situation, provide Chinese law school degrees include: law specialist, undergraduate, master of law, legal master and PhD degrees five. Among them, master of law belong to the graduate education and master of laws. However, master of law and master of law in the end what is the difference? That looks naive question, in fact not naive, and indeed to the puzzlement of many people, because the search engine in the Google, the number of searches two degree difference exceeds one million times.

China officially began to offer master of law began in 1996. Before the master of laws, only the master of law. The first batch of pilot colleges and universities Master of law only eight law schools, including Peking University, Renmin University of China, China University of Political Science and Law: University of International Business and Economics, Wuhan University, Jilin University, East China University Of Politics and Law, Southwest University of Political Science and Law. Since then, the training scale master of law has expanded each year, as of 2006 September, China. The master of Law University has reached 60. According to incomplete statistics, in 2006 September, full-time Master of laws in the school size is close to twenty thousand people, the total number of graduates each year is also close to 5000 people, has more than graduates of master of law. Master of law system itself also continue to reform, for example, master of law law undergraduate applicants early does not limit, but currently only allows non law undergraduate applicants.

According to the official explanation, master of law and master of law from both reflected in three aspects:

First, the register condition different, for different requirements. Must apply for master of laws with undergraduate national education university degree (or equivalent degree) non law graduates, and the equivalent of graduates to work for more than two years; the equivalent of the college graduates to work for three years. Apply for master of laws no matter what major to learn, as long as the graduates (but the main legal professional) can be, but students do not recruit.

Second, recruitment methods, examination of different. law Master's exam to recruit through the national legal master professional pilot units combined, master of law is the qualified graduate recruit master of law in separate proposition (except public class. The country has the right to recruit master of law only a few colleges and universities; national key university and a part of the general undergraduate colleges and universities generally have to recruit master of law qualification.

Third, education, training goal. Every law has a master tutor, tutor guidance can be obtained during the reading, studying the knowledge of legal theory. Therefore, master of law professional division is fine, the general research domain in one direction only, but research has great depth. Culture is the main direction of academic research, teaching and scientific research, to the universities and research institutes, academic legal talents training advanced theory. Master of laws in general do not professional and direction, generally no instructor, students generally in a selected direction for learning. Pay attention to the practice and application, mainly the study of the existing laws and regulations. Training direction for judicial, administrative law enforcement, legal services and legal supervision departments and public administration departments of legal practice department training high-level interdisciplinary, applied legal talents, such as lawyers, judges, prosecutors and enterprise legal adviser.

However, the above is just the official explanation, master of law system has been controversial from the start. There are two overlapping master education in educational methods and goals, not be quite distinct from each other. Draw a clear boundary, system designers to consider just wishful thinking.

The biggest problem is the master of laws from the extreme expansion, in the undergraduate course of law and master of law graduates employment, originally already difficult circumstances, artificially created in the extrusion effect, makes the law undergraduate and master employment more difficult. Compared with the master of law, the education of master of law is more similar to the undergraduate education of law. Master of laws to recruit other professional university graduates, bachelor degree in law to recruit high school graduates, but both belong to the primary education for non law majors. And the master of law is the law of professional education. In theory, after the creation of master of law, it should reduce the law undergraduate enrollment, however, China's education administration and universities did not take this approach.

On the other hand, master master of laws and law and belongs to the graduate education, both in training and have overlapping. Because it was the same group of teachers to teach, therefore, in teaching, for the master of laws no difference, not to the master of laws alone to create "third" teaching method. As for the graduation whereabouts, master of law may also to study, master of law may also do practical work, almost no what difference. In addition, although the law Master compound professional employment advantage, but may also be that the law did not learn, the first professional did not learn.

He Weifang entitled "legal education" at the crossroads of the lecture, pierce to the heart of the matter was that, all kinds of projects can be found in the China are, but not a project to become the mainstream of our legal education. Legal education in various countries of the world, the legal education in the legal system of developed countries, it has a major degree????? A master, master of law, master of law, you don't know him master of law, master of law have what distinction, education is not what difference. Some teachers say to the master of law lectures very hard, because the law Master did not learn the law, and the law undergraduate, we read four years after the test is not the same as the master. You have four years. But he didn't read undergraduate, undergraduate not read the law, people read is the explosion of the professional, you always say we're going to discuss legal issues, the results of the students is not so positive reaction". He then put forward, should be a large reduction master of law undergraduate and law students.

Stop recruit master of law undergraduate and law, means that the revolution of Chinese legal education system. Because, the three degree, if the merger, the most direct consequence, is the student enrollment will be significantly reduced. But this does not accord with the interests of the colleges and universities. So, Mr. He's proposal did not, in the short term can not be accepted by the education authorities, the current situation is also very difficult to change.

In fact, in addition to the difference between the actual treatment highfalutin, master of law and legal enjoy in the school exists bigger difference. Wu Jizheng mentioned in his "master of law VS VS law Master of law undergraduate" in one article, taking Peking University as an example, master of law Master compared to mainly have the following different: one is in the cost, 02 master of law all fees, monthly fees and subsidies, have medical etc; while the master from 02 levels of all at their own expense, no benefits, no medical insurance, most student loans each year: 6000 yuan. Two is in the teaching methods, master of law, professional, dedicated and master tutor; not professional, to research two have special adviser, finally the thesis have specialized instructors. Three is in the test mode, master of law term papers or an open book exam; and master from 02 levels of all the closed book examination. The four is to study the opportunity, master of law are recommended to read the Ph. D. and master, no precedent, although both cobb. Five is in the teaching, master of law intended to classes, but a good lesson in general is overcrowding; and master are generally large classes, many lectures effect effect.

So, for a man, in deciding whether to pursue a graduate, must be carefully considered. If the non elite undergraduate professional law, can apply for school, considered by reading Master of law to change over. If other professional undergraduate course, and the employment situation better, must be careful. Should be carefully assessed, master of law as a graduate degree, whether can be better than the first degree of employment. If the conclusion is not sure, it is best not to take an examination of legal master. In fact, the famous university law graduates, in the market is still quite competitive. In a sense, even higher than the school non brand name of master degree graduates, especially in some colleges and universities will be shortened to two years in length of schooling condition.

Of course, master of law also has its own advantages, such as in employment, in order to tokenism, some units may be the recruitment of new staff have to master level. Some units may feel somehow is also a master of master of law, certainly stronger than undergraduate course. Some units may need special position based on the master of law, more complex background, such as the patent office is willing to recruit undergraduate master of laws of science and engineering, some foreign firms are willing to recruit undergraduate master of laws of foreign language majors. However, only from the perspective of the legal basis of the solid degree, four years of undergraduate law knowledge, of course, more than two years of study. Therefore, I think for the school of law graduates,, if we can find satisfactory working conditions, is the first employment, rather than continue to graduate. Graduate degree can be obtained through on-the-job learning.

A doctor of law, can not be denied, in Chinese junk diploma case, PhD also lost its sacred and respected. According to statistics, Chinese currently owned by the school doctor total has surpassed America, but we also need to take into account, America, there are quite a few foreigners read! It is worth noting that, although the doctoral degree is still academic career (to the university when the law teacher) of the astepping-stone to success, however, for not going to engage in academic readers, in my opinion, resolutely do not recommend reading dr.. Dr. graduation, compared with undergraduate postgraduate employment, not only reduced, but also the loss of the advantage of age. I study a few students graduates, are very good, but they chose to read bo. Their doctor of law read, to enter the best colleges and universities, has no seat, so in the end they can only go to the second tier University, or to some research institutions to. I think, if they can master of law graduate, choose direct employment, development results should be better.

Even for those who aspire to lifelong academic career and PhD students, I think also need to look before you leap. Because in the Chinese accelerated population aging situation, in the education business risks will be gradually increased. Because the number of education to further reduce the number of colleges and universities, Chinese will also further reduce. This means that the risk of future part of colleges and universities may face by merger or bankruptcy. Some colleges and universities to blindly expand the size, leverage, which will accelerate the collapse process. According to the "2007 Blue Book China education" disclosure, by the end of 2006, the scale of university loans to 500000000000 Yuan in 450000000000 yuan. Chinese universities will in the repayment period, taking Jilin University as an example, in March 19, 2007, Jilin University financial in Campus Online "a call for" forum held to solve the difficulty in school financial advice, disclosure of arrears 3 billion Jilin University. Chittagong announced that, from 2005 onwards, the school entered interest peak, the annual interest payments on up to 150000000 to 170000000 yuan, which makes the Chittagong to carry a very heavy debt burden. After all, is a key university in Chittagong, the government may try to resolve its debt problems, but for the second line, three line of colleges and universities, with the decline in the number of enrollment, debt servicing problems would be very prominent, the government does not have the ability to help all the dilemma, therefore, there will be a number of colleges and universities eventually had to close down. I predict, in the near future, the number more than 600 law school at present will decline.

Moreover, although Chinese is becoming increasingly important, but I think that, English will be the world language only in the future, the Chinese language and any other language will not replace the status of english. Because of China most teachers still can not teaching English, China is also very difficult to become the education state of the output. In the lack of domestic demand and not the introduction of a large number of students, students in Colleges and universities will Chinese case, the emergence of a wave of closures. Therefore, the work of colleges and universities, probably in ten years after facing unemployment risk.

 

 

15China law school life

 

I want to find out way before, law students today, it is necessary to review the development of law in the modern history of China. We have reason to be legal person once the achievements and glory, we must also understand what caused the legal dilemma today.

At the end of the Qing Dynasty, with promoting the reform and the abolition of the imperial examination, legal education has become fashionable for a time. In 1912, the national law school once reached 60, more than 3 students.

Having a great reputation in the period of the Republic of China law should be Chaoyang University and Soochow University, collectively known as the "Southern Wu, Chaoyang north". Chaoyang North refers to the Beijing Chaoyang University, in the first year of the Republic (1912), advocated by Mr. Wang Zijian, Beijing law society Tongren fund-raising founded. Is the first specialized research and professor of law at the university." Nan Dongwu "refers to the Shanghai Soochow University Law school. Soochow University School of law is a branch of Soochow University in Suzhou, is the law school founded by Americans a research mainly on Anglo American law, domestic law.

The two schools, rigorous school, talent, culture of the Republic of China legal elite large, there are a lot of nostalgic articles mentioned the two university brilliance, for example, Tan Jintu in the "review of Soochow University School of law" article mentioned, a preparation for studying law students first to finish the 3 years curriculum in Soochow University College of Arts and Sciences, and then on to law school specializing in law course, he spent 6 years of time can only obtain a bachelor bachelor of Arts and law. This binding law education is American famous law schools by way of running schools, it also greatly improved the teaching quality of Soochow University law school????? In 1920 to 1927 this period of time, only about Chinese method with several courses in Chinese teaching, while most other courses are in English teaching. Extensive English training enables students to study in Britain and USA successfully completed their academic.

But after the founding of new Chinese, "Six Laws" was announced as the old law, abolish the whole. Some people think that textual research, "Six Laws" abolish an accident of history (see Xiong Xianjue in the "spring and Autumn Annals" in 2007 third period published the abolition of "Six Laws" the reason and influence of a paper). The reason is, in the period of negotiations, Mao Zedong put forward must abolish the bogus constitution and pseudo legal system, is to play political cards, not referring to "six laws". At that time, the works of Mao Zedong consulting, speech, file, there is no mention of "Six Laws". However, Wang Ming in the drafting of "on the abolition of the six laws and determine the Jiefang District judicial principle instruction", the old law embodied in the "Six Laws". Zhou Enlai in the review of the document, clear instructions: "the old law, in the spirit of the law of new democracy, but also critically adopt and modify some, not the basic use, the future of the judicial work is still needed. This would be in addition to Comrade Wang Ming". but Wang Ming was no opinions in accordance with Zhou Enlai treatment, but it is reproduced.

However, passing just six laws, and the generation of accepted the western legal education of the elite. "Abolishing" style of so-called "special file called the old ideas and old judicial". In 1952 before the "judicial reform" movement, a total of cadre of more than 28000 people's courts at all levels, the so-called "old judicial personnel" which has retained 6000, accounting for 22% of the total, they were mostly as trial work, in many large and middle city and province people's law in the hospital more judges, the proportion quite large, in the individual the court also accounted for the majority of. But in the "judicial reform" movement, they are all cleaned up, mainly because they learn "Liufa", think they have the old ideas and old judicial style, can not do the people's judicial work.

1952 began University "adjustment", to carry out the reform on the old university law school. The Ministry of education of the colleges and universities are adjusted according to the pattern of the Soviet Union, were set up eight law education institutions, formed a four line four. Beijing Institute of political science and law, East China University Of Politics and Law, Southwest College of political science and law, Zhongnan Institute four specialized legal institutions, legal system and the Renmin University of China, Peking University, Jilin University, Northwestern University, four university. Then adjust for Beijing, East China, southwest and northwest four Institute of politics and law, Renmin University of China, Jilin University, and Peking University, Hubei University four Department of law. Law department, the Billing Division of the Institute of political science and law and comprehensive university of new China law school form, became the basic pattern of the new Chinese law school after the existence and development of.

In the adjustment process, the law teachers considered is not clear "and" legal limits, deprived of their right to teach law, forcing it to be diverted or at home. For example, Chaoyang University Dean, law professor Ceng Zhishi to teach Chinese, Soochow University Dean, Professor of international law expert Ni Zhengo had now to learn russian.

In 1957 the "anti rightist movement", the law and the law is heavy disaster area, a large number of judicial cadres, law teachers, and even some students mainly because of the "old law" was branded as a "rightist". One such as members of the committee, the Supreme People's court tribunal President Jia Qian, the Beijing Municipal Higher People's court Wang Feiran, Qian Duansheng president of the Beijing Institute of political science and law, the people's University of science of criminal law and the young teacher Kong Zhao has participated in over the young cadre Fu Ji Peking court, etc..

After all the motion law of population, Chinese destruction, limited legal resources being destroyed. In January 9, 2003, Southern Weekend published "legal elite" forgotten 30 years the situation of law, for the elite. The article sets out a long list of strings, and a shock, a sigh ah at. Now from the articles published, and five or six years later, the name mentioned in the article, some have died! However, this let us recall mentioned in the article name:

Week Nan, Rome Live Dictionary, 1929 by Hu Shi recommended, in Belgium, became one of the 5 Chinese 1949 earned a doctorate from the University of Leuven in belgium. The mid 1950's, in the Qinghai Teachers College Library from the Southwest Branch of the Supreme Court under the work. In 1980, Zhou Nan entered Anhui University. In the big 10 years until retirement, because no house, week Nan had to return to Shanghai, live in Shanghai Nanchang Road No. 282, a dilapidated two storey building room two building, a dozen square meters of the house. The dark wood floor corridor, disrepair, walk up the creaking, everywhere is a spider web. A black and white TV, a single door refrigerator, is Zhou Nan all valuable possessions. Since then, Mr. Zhou Nan moved back to Anhui daughter home, because action inconvenience has been sitting in a wheelchair, and residence in Shanghai aged no sunlight, daughter to home also is the realization of the sun's desire in the indoor.

Lu Jun, doctor of the Harvard University, home appliance is only palm fan, 12 yuan of money to buy. More than 90 year old Lu Jun blind in one eye, wearing old envelope paste live side of the glasses, crouched in the quilt. Sick, afraid to go to the hospital, but also can not afford to eat medicine. The lean man is already be completely bedridden, until the death of "Harvard Law Review" are each to send him the book of the University, one of the only China Harvard JD, Dean of the Law School of Centre College.

Cai Jin, 1930 time for the Zhejiang District Court and the District of Shanghai court judge, in 1957 at the Shanghai Xiangyang middle school. He and his young son a live together, a small room, bamboo behind the screen, a bed, a thin quilt, this is his bedroom, the room live grandson and granddaughter in law. An old milk cans, filled with all of Cai Jin's "precious" items. A community hospital ill after Cai Jin lived in Shanghai in Nanjing West Road. If not the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, a man is responsible for its clear, is difficult to stay. Even so, he was placed in a closed balcony. Deathbed a memorable scene, Mr. Cai lying alone in a corner of the balcony, but another angle, it is the resting place of care.

Sheng Zhenwei, President of the first Chinese law Soochow University provost and later, was the "evidence law", "common law adjudication system" etc.. After being branded as a "counter revolutionary", was sentenced to 10 years of hard labor in Gansu, after the Song Qingling intercede, 6 years after the release. In the 1980's, redress.

Gao Wenbin, aged 81, served as the International Military Tribunal for the Far East translation, China prosecutors secretary, when he found out from the Books are numerous. material evidence, will Toihara Kenji, Itagaki Shiro these two original may escape war criminals to the gallows. After 1952, Mr. Gao is hit into "counter revolutionary", in the Poyang Lake dyke building, it is 28 years, dozens of times every day to go out of the soil, too tired to even the morning workers strike the Gong can not hear. At the beginning of the 1980's was redressed, shall give him compensation for loss, he said: "the best day of my life, money can come back?" He didn't want to.

Yu Weiyi, the Japanese invaders during the occupation of Shanghai, in his research, continue to study for master, lawyers and legal education, after the victory of Anti Japanese war in 1949, due to participate in the Tokyo Trial students stay in US military base work in Japan, was fighting in some political movements, even the life cannot save a degree.

Zhou Chengwen, in 1969 after returning home to Huzhou rural village documents. At the end of the 1980's, was hired to Hangzhou University at the time to teach, to become experts in Zhejiang Province, the drafting of legal documents, "wrote English, like a newspaper printed." Had long lived in unity households, shared kitchen and bathroom, each room is only seven or eight square meters.

Wang Yuhua, Indiana University of law, USA, work in the streets of non-staple food outlets for many years, until the 1980's to teach at Nanjing University.

Xu Kaishu, professor at Soochow University, after the war of resistance against Japan after 1979, identity special researchers he to Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences no preparation for the reconstruction of the legal system, rack one's brains in Shanghai. When he died in 1999, some people know -- he had served 30 years of high school teachers.

 The "Cultural Revolution" broke out, the new China Law School entered the period of decline. The 1966 law colleges and colleges across the country as stop recruit students. In 1971 the national education working conference to determine the "on the adjustment scheme", the abolition of the 106 universities. Beijing Institute of politics and law, East China University Of Politics and Law, Southwest College of political science, Northwest University of Politics and Law in the revocation list, four comprehensive university law department of the original retaining only the law department of Peking University and Jilin University. Until 1973, the Department of law of Peking University was restored for the worker peasant soldier student. The following year, law department of Jilin University also restored the enrollment.

 After the "Cultural Revolution", the law school began the restoration and reconstruction. 1977 to restore the Southwest College of political science and Law Department of Hubei University. Law Department of Hubei University and Peking University School of law, Jilin University School of law for the restoration of the college entrance examination after the first session of undergraduate law students. however, the legal system can be said to be. According to the Peking University Law Department in 1977 Zhou Zhenxiang (Professor, School of criminal law for vice president, China Youth University for Political Science has now die young) memories, at that time, the Beijing University Library only a few 50's translation of the former Soviet Union law books, class and no textbooks, only by taking notes.

However, 10 years of talent gap also gave 1977 law students brought unprecedented opportunities for development. Although they are ordinary as you and I, but now they have become the political, business, learn all aspects of the leaders. Peking University Law Department in 1977 and became for a time mark. There is a wide spread of Peking University Law Department in 1977 big three black and white photos. The middle elder is constitution, administrative law and political science senior Mr. Gong Xiangrui, when teaching in Law Faculty of Peking University. Gong old man on the right is Jiang Mingan (Beijing University Law School professor Chen Xingliang (left), Professor of Peking University School of law, criminal law). The back row from right to left, followed by Li Keqiang (Vice Premier of State Council Wang Shaoguang (now), Chinese University Hong Kong professor of politics and public administration), Li Qijia (Environmental Law Institute of Wuhan University vice director), Tao Jingzhou (now at the law firm Beijing representative office executive partner). Today's Peking University law school students, until 20 years after his roommate photos, can reproduce the magnitude 1977 event? Almost impossible.

Since the law department of Beijing University complex strokes, Southwest College of political science and law, East China University Of Politics and Law, Beijing Institute of politics and law, Northwest University of Politics and Law, law department of Renmin University of China in 1978 and have complex do after enrollment. Thereafter, the Ministry of education has approved the Nanjing University, Wuhan University and other comprehensive university set up the legal profession, established the legal system. The Beijing Institute of political science and law as the basis for the establishment of the China University of Political Science and Law, in the Department of law of Hubei University as the foundation, restoration of Zhongnan University of political science and law.

However, 80 years of law school reconstruction speed, expansion is not in any case at the end of 90's in the context of university enrollment expansion China law schools. In 1998 November, Tang Min (Center for research and development of the Asian Development Bank, the Economist) and his wife Zuo Xiaolei, on the expansion and the marketization of education to the state council. Reportedly, the book is the background of this -- that year, went back to Tang Min's relatives of the children seen single plank bridge in a powerful army defeated the college entrance examination, his frustration than. For sensitive to the economy from this, Tang Min immediately thought of the economic environment and domestic demand." They suggested in a letter to the University, enrollment doubled in 3 to 4 years, the new students at their own expense and the implementation of full, establishment of national student loan system, to provide loans to students who have difficulties in part. They stressed that the expansion of domestic demand, ease the employment pressure in the letter, the two points below the circumstance at that time very impressive.

Several reasons Tang Min had pressed the enrollment is: one, the number of college students is far lower than the national China equal degree of development level, 18 ~ 22 years old age youth enrollment rate was only 4%, Philippines 31%, Thailand 37%; second, the state-owned enterprises reform in 1998, a large number of laid-off workers entering the job market, if a large number of young people participate in the competition, the employment will be faced with the situation ; third, the country put forward to maintain economic growth target of 8%, the expansion of economic growth rate of 7.8%, the urgent need to expand domestic demand, education is considered to be the people most in demand object; fourth, when the average a teacher with only 7 students, the ability to digest expansion; finally education, higher national popularity of the Chinese.

After many discussions, the state finally decided in 1999 1310000 university students, compared with growth of 21% in 1998, this is the initiative of the government have increased since the 90's a student at. Then feel amplitude is not big enough, a few months later increased to 47%. Thus, Chinese higher education under the background of expanding domestic demand, embarked on the road to the popularization of a sharp turn.

A few years later, the college enrollment expansion in 1998 from the year before 1080000, soared to 6000000 in 2008 10 years accumulative total enrollment; enrollment of about 40100000, accounting for 30 years since the reform and opening up 75% of the total number of students.

According to statistics, 2001 years, the country has a higher school undergraduate professional is only 292, but by 2005 will increase to 559 by 2008 November, China has 634 law school. In 2007, the national law undergraduates enrolled 110000 people, about 90000 college students, more than 200 doctoral students, 20000 Master graduate 5000 people. A total of a total of approximately 220000 people. Thirty years, the national law professional enrollment from 223 in 1977 to 200000 in 2007, the number increased by about 1000 times. From 1998 to 2008 10 years, China's higher education gross enrollment rate increased from 9.8% to 23%, the current national ordinary college students up to 18000000, ranked first in the world scale.

Expansion of the merits and demerits of comment, only to later generations. However, in October 9, 2008, the Ministry of education has already started said at a news conference, 1999 to the national college enrollment expansion too fast. Future expansion of college enrollment expansion rate will slow down the pace, next year will not be more than 4%, the year after less than 3%.

Enrollment, which originally did not have the opportunity to receive higher education of young people, can get into the college education. However, what is their acceptance of the purpose of higher education? I think, ultimately, and must be full employment. If higher education cannot make them obtain the advantage in the employment in higher education, it will lose its significance. Between market economy and administrative management of the University, actually formed a disjointed. Colleges and universities according to the plan index to recruit students, until four years after the training faces the market, only to find the problem. Therefore, colleges and universities in the face of the market, adjust the speed is too slow. So, although the enrollment increased China college students employment difficulties of graduates, including the legal origin, but employment is not the expansion itself, but in Chinese education system of bureaucratic and administrative.

 

 

 

 

 

 

(students and teachers, sir and lady dear,

 

The East China University of politics and law "Oubo scholarship" to support the project"Young SolutionStudy on administrative law Watson occupation selection and planning forum"Collate release. This project aims to promote students in East China University of politics and law graduate and undergraduate students, their occupation selection and planning ability.

At the same time, "Zuo Anlei Young Solution" in Sina blog, Sina micro-blog "AlanZuo1009", "Zuo Anlei" Renren, watercress network "Leizi" website account to publish. If you have any questions, help,Please contact the person in charge of the project, the international law graduate Zuo Anlei,Zuoanlei0654@126.com, welcome to e-mail.

Welcome to the students and social organizations to support, cooperation. In the hope that after the event to continue to receive your support and recognition.

 

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