On the standardization of the bumper setTo ensure traffic safety

Zhu Yanyan    Zhou Weiguo

(Shandong province Heze City Water Conservancy BureauShandongHeze274000.

[AbstractTo] the bumper has an irreplaceable role in the automobile collision. Through in-depth study of the role of automobile bumper, analyzes the important role in the automobile collision bumper has, points out the existing problems of the bumper settings, and effective, scientific and reasonable suggestions to solve problems. To ensure traffic safety, reduce traffic accident casualties and property losses, is of great practical significance.

[keyword] car; bumper; set; SPECIFICATION; road safety

    

   A, the national road traffic accident casualties status

   Along with the progress of the society, the number of vehicles, traffic accident mortality. ministry figures show, in recent years, the domestic number of traffic accidents and fatalities have. In 2005 the national total of 450254 road traffic accidents, resulting in 98738 deaths, 469911 people were injured, the direct property losses amounting to 1880000000 yuan. In 2006 the total road traffic accidents happening decline compared with 2005, but also reached nearly 380000, killed nearly 90000 people, injured more than 43 people, direct property loss of 1490000000 yuan. 2007, a total of 327209 cases of road traffic accidents, killed 81649 people, injured 380442, direct property loss of 1200000000 yuan.

   From the type of traffic accident, vehicle collision, rear end accidents caused by vehicles is the main form of damage, casualties. Especially in the highway, due to fast speed, rear end collision casualties is greater, the vehicles involved are more. For example: major traffic accidents, Karatsu high-speed occurred more than 50 car pileup heavy casualties; Shenhai Expressway Fujian Ningde city Fuding road 14 car pileup accident, causing 5 people were killed and 32 others injured. In July 31, 2008, director general of the water resources department of Shandong Province, party secretary, China engineering design master, Shandong Province in the south to North Water Diversion Project Construction Headquarters chief engineer, province water transfer engineering technology research center chief expert Comrade Geng Fuming, in the highway traffic accident, the ride off-road vehicles and large trucks collision, unfortunately died. Behind the amazing digital is a vivid life of dies, is a family relatives between yin and yang.

    The definition and the protective effect of two, automobile bumper

   Absorbing bumper, ease the impact of the outside world, secure protection device body. Automobile bumper comprises a front bumper, rear bumper, side bumper, as its name, in the car collision to protect the vehicle occupant safety plays a key role.

   At present, restricted by the expressway development level, large car, mixed line, passenger, freight mixed situation is unlikely to change in the short term. Because the vehicle chassis height, body strength, bumper and setting different, small vehicles to absolute inferiority in the collision. Fig. 1 Comparison of rear end collision and disadvantages for small cars and large trucks.

 

 

Vehicle rear end collision of schematic diagram, see Figure 1

 

 

   If the vehicle bumper is unreasonable, the bumper can't on vehicles and drivers to protect. When the small car front lower and rear higher large truck collision, if the truck without bumper, or rear bumper is set too high, or the low intensity of useless, the front will car directly drill into truck chassis, A column, B column freight car directly hit the car (car from front to back roof column are respectively A, B, C column), causing car occupant body serious deformation, which directly endanger the occupant's life, see Figure 2 below. The occurrence of similar accidents, safety protection airbag and seat belt altogether, thus causing heavy casualties car rides personnel.

 

Large trucks without setting the bumper car diagram, see Figure 2

 

 

   If a reasonable set of vehicle bumpers, a collision of different vehicle bumper first contact with each other, to a certain buffer, protective effects on the vehicle body, can effectively reduce the occupants of casualties. See Figure 3 shows, the solid line in figure left for large trucks, right for small cars, dotted shaded for large truck bumper. Due to the blocking effect of the rear bumper cars trucks, cars have been effectively protected, the occupants.

 

Large trucks required to set the vehicle rear bumper diagram, see Figure 3

 

 

   The park bumper constantly violent collision in operation, however, personnel and vehicles are safe and sound, the reason is set to unity, bumper car has good performance in a collision bumper, effectively absorb the collision energy, protect the safety of vehicles and personnel. Therefore, standardized bumper settings, to improve the safety performance of automobile bumper, casualties and vehicle can effectively reduce vehicle collision damage, greatly improves the level of road traffic safety.

   From the above analysis we can conclude, bumper has a crucial role in the automobile collision. Setting reasonable bumper to drivers and vehicles can play an effective protective effect, not be, can not, or optionally installed.

    Problem three, the automobile bumper set

   Earlier, the bumper is made of steel, with the development of automobile industry, car bumpers are changing. At present, the car with the different models, the problem also each are not identical.

   (a) small car

   The small car design too much consider beautiful, cheap, fuel-efficient, while ignoring the vehicle's safety performance. A car bumper commonly used plastics and other lightweight materials, low strength, impact performance is poor; two is the bumper set too low, can not meet the needs of large vehicle collision.

  (two) large trucks

   Large vehicles over emphasize the loading capacity, road through capacity, neglects the protection of other small vehicles. One is not part of a vehicle bumper, rear bumper, but also because of the height from the ground is too high, the height of more than a small bus, not to any protective effect on small vehicles; two is the bumper strength is too low, the impact is serious deformation, low nominal.

   (three) large bus

   Large bus due to luxury, beautiful, and generally have a complete car shell. One is the rear car shell height is high, does not meet the protection of small vehicles; two is no rigid support effective internal rear hull, strength does not meet the requirements of collision.

   To sum up, China's automobile bumper ubiquitous security quality, strictly regulate the bumper settings, and comprehensively improve the protection performance of bumper, to ensure traffic safety be imperative.

    Four, strictly regulate the bumper is provided, to ensure traffic safety

   To bring into full play the key role in the automobile bumper in the vehicle collision, and reduces the vehicle rear end collision casualties, enhance road safety, must strictly regulate the bumper is arranged, strengthen management, strengthen, improve comprehensive security protection performance of bumper, to ensure road safety.

   Specific content is: standard vehicle bumper settings, so that all road vehicles have the front bumper and rear bumper complete; the bumper set height, size, strength can meet the security requirements of the vehicle collision.

   Standard setting automobile bumper, should include at least the following four aspects:

   (a) the bumper settings

   Regulations should be: all road vehicles, must the front bumper and rear bumper to set the vehicle. Other parts of the vehicle bumper to highlight to the body.

  Two.Automobile bumper height setting

   Automobile bumper height setting, whether they are big, in, small vehicles, or the front bumper and rear bumper, should be at the same height range, only in this way can we guarantee the first collision is a vehicle bumper, rather than other vehicle key parts. Because the vehicle in the no-load and full load, bumper height will be different. Therefore, must provide all the vehicle bumper can meet the statutory bumper set height requirements in no-load and full load condition.

   The actual height of the bumper, with different types of vehicles, cargo volume will be different. General small car bumper is low, large vehicle bumper is higher; higher bumper for vehicle when empty, full bumper height lower. For uniform height, the bumper can meet the height requirements specified in all cases, deal with all kinds of vehicles and by careful statistical analysis of the height range, determine the best car bumper. Small cars should be raised before and after the bumper height setting appropriate; large vehicles should be appropriate to reduce the bumper set the height, and the provisions of: small vehicles with rear bumpers edge should not be less than a certain value; the large vehicle when empty before and after the bumper lower edge should not be higher than a certain value.

   (three) the effective length and width of the car bumper

   Automobile bumper must have a definite length and width, in order to ensure the effective collision energy dispersion and absorption. general bumper length should not be less than the width of the body; the height of the bumper as different models, there should be different.

  Four.Automobile bumper strength

   Automobile bumper must reach a certain strength, can also protect the vehicle and other vehicles safety. Each vehicle bumper whether meet the requirements, should be determined through collision experiments.

   Vehicle front, rear bumper strength should satisfy: small simulation of vehicle a standard tonnage, standard bumper shape according to a certain speed frontal collision, the bumper indentation deformation should not be greater than a specified.

   The large vehicle bumper is set to low, may affect the vehicle's off-road capability. The solution is to design a large vehicle bumper into lifting, such as hydraulic, electric lift etc.. On uneven road, the bumper rises; in the highway flat road will be put to the specified height of bumper.

   Five, other necessary measures

   Specification for automobile bumper setting is a complex systems engineering, involving the government, enterprises and consumers, we must take comprehensive measures. One is to raise awareness of the whole society, attach great importance to the work of management of automobile bumper standards; two is to improve the automobile bumper, perfect legislation, so the law; three is to strengthen research on automobile bumper set standards; four is to further enhance road safety management work, and resolutely stop the illegal vehicles; five is to accelerate the transformation of the car bumper update and the existing vehicle bumper; six is to strengthen propaganda, popularize car safety knowledge.

Reference.

   1, "on the 2005 national road traffic accident report", the Ministry of public security website, 2006-02-11;

    2, "the Ministry of Public Security: in 2006 the national total of 378781 road traffic accidents", the central government portal website, in 2007 01 months 01 days;

    3, "2007 National Road traffic accident case analysis", Suqian traffic online, 2008 01 month 10 days;

    4, "bumper", people.com.cn, Xu Wenhua, December 18, 2001;

   5, "bumper the history and function of" Di family car, is the honing, in 2008 04 months 28 days.