Automobile traffic accident happen

1, psychological state in all kinds of accidents of motor vehicle driver

A psychological reaction before the accident

In the driver of the car accident. Generally speaking, the vast majority of the driver's mental state was very easy. Because at this time the road ahead motion order all traffic participants in a normal state. The road all dynamic. Static. Like move not move. Dynamic running all kinds of barriers are seen to be crystal clear. And the obstacles of various forecasting analysis. Judgment. Thinking. Made in the normal state. Various obstacles safely through the operation procedure

This time. Driving dynamics of a vehicle by the visual and volitional control driver. Control. Such as car speed. Direction angle. The brake light. Heavy. Corrosion. Waiting. The driver of the time are optional for vehicle handling. Is handy. Because when all traffic participants. At all in a rational, self control. Self discipline. Benign loop. The road is a best running status. In the factor of safety driving a good dynamic operation. The car. Road. Relationship between the system environment. Mutual action. In accordance with the highest code we car society. "The specific implementation rules formulated the law on road traffic safety" and the traffic management departments at all levels. Methods. Provisions. Orderly. Specification. Running

When the central nervous drivers in a relaxed state. Psychological not much feeling of oppression. The tension. In driving operation is all the way. The direction angle to hit the number of how many there are. Auto speed control to how fast. Slow. Just how fast. More slowly. When the driver of vehicle handling and monitoring the most out of will. In a completely regular, a program. After a long period of training. An operation technique in recent test automation

In this frame of mind. The central nervous drivers in a state of paralysis. The driver in front of all the traffic information according to the conventional, arrange the various operations. Handler. He (she) are thinking idle. He (she) who may be thinking to some and when it before driving things go. Maybe they will recall some of yesterday and meet today some joy. Anger. Sad. Happy things. Especially when I think of yesterday and meet today happy thing. They feel more exciting. Maybe unconsciously will speed. Referred to a higher speed. Some would think of yesterday and today some unpleasant people and things. Such as the husband and wife quarrel. Lovelorn.. brother, younger children. Parents. Colleagues. The unit leadership. Conflict between friends,. Such a mental state would make him their depression. This depression driving is the most dangerous. He. They may be yesterday or today all discontent. Make him to the road. They do not feel comfortable with other traffic participants out visually. You drive if you encounter such a mental state is to immediately calm down. Think of some happy. Otherwise the consequence is unimaginable. As The driver was thinking about all kinds of pleasure and fear of injury events. On the road to various pedestrian and are in accordance with the (car society) of various laws and regulations formulated behavior. Normal. Specification. The circulation time

 

2, motor vehicle driver psychological reaction in the accident

Suddenly I do not know from what place out of a daredevil. Daredevil is perhaps others. It. His car. Or are you. Not in accordance with the regulations. Do not say a principle. No tricks. Regardless of life and death. On a gun kill. Emergency braking without the brake places. Without the the direction of the local Hu cookin. Without the place to overtake forcibly overtake. In a no parking space emergency stops. Where should not drive on the left when. Suddenly on the left. pedestrians. Without the local walk casually walking. Due to this Chang lost ghost suddenly appeared. Disrupted traffic order the whole car society. The other traffic participants on the highway be taken by surprise. Upset them according to various operating procedures of the conventional formulation. This time. Car road. The running order. Environment of this system fully disrupted road a chaotic scene

Two. The physiological and psychological reactions in the accident

Because of the objective information on the road to appear suddenly or beyond the unexpected changes in routine. The driver routine to formulate a set of original operating procedures are disrupted. At this moment. The vast majority of the brain basically is a blank. Because in such a short time. The brain is unable to reflect new business new operation. Program. Due to the brain to complete the whole process needs three major control mechanism

An external information transmission mechanism

Two treatment decision mechanism

The output mechanism three

An external information transmission mechanism

This is the driver every perception part. We drove. The driver's eyes is not fixed in a certain objective information. But scattered on the road. Later. Left. Right. The sky. The ground. All traffic related information. This information includes dynamic. Pedestrian and static. Various objects. Stacked on the road on both sides of the road. And all kinds of natural mountains and rivers. Rivers. And dangerous areas. And those on the road like move not move obstacles

Objective information. Due to a mutation on the road

Two. When the driver needs to transfer catastrophe point eye, a certain objective information

Three. To adjust the light onto the retina. The information center of the convex imaging

Four. And then determine the type of information

Five. If we determine that information is a man. The old man

Six.. he was from right to left in across the road

These processes is the need of time. In theory. The perception of time less than a second. However, practical operating. According to the driver's gender. Ling. Culture. Response time is very different. In general. The whole process of perception takes about one to two seconds. A few perceived slow driver. May need three seconds to finish the information perception process

Two. The treatment decision mechanism (i.e., objective information on the perception of judgment. Processing. And decision making mechanism measures) reaction process

We perceive is an old man in from left to right across the road. We must analyze his walking speed, fast or slow. It is running or brisk walking. The old man found him straight to the car is provided. The old man would suddenly backward sidewalks. The old man will not walk in the middle of the road suddenly standing don't move. The old man will be from the fast walking slowly. The old man suddenly we heard of his commands? (honk) the old man willing to follow our orders. According to the analysis of the driving speed and the old man across the road and the vehicle speed, the car can and the old collided. And if the mutation information. The motor vehicle is a dynamic. Also we should perceive is what color car. Is a cart or trolley bus or truck. Is. Is empty or heavy car. The car's speed. Thrown to the left or right angle after the car much. The car to the left or right out of the road both sides have much space. A space this car can by the car why thrown out. The car out, will not immediately back to the original lane. The car to the left or right out. Will again left or right out the objective information Analysis of processing is not immediately will be completed. Many complex processes in the brain's reaction to the following

A           The first is the perception of the existence of the objective information

Two.           Feel the objective information is a very strong stimulus

Three.           This strong stimulation information into the input nerve cells

Four.           The various sensory organs exercise

Five.           The objective things into the subjective effects

Six.           Then the psychological activity

Seven.           Produced a variety of sensory nerve cells impulse

Eight.           Nerve impulses through the thalamus (except smelling. All external sensory information through the thalamus. Again. Must be transmitted to the cerebral cortex. Thus visual. Listen. Taste. The skin feeling. Etc.)

Nine.           And then transmitted to the central nervous system. Through the analysis of cortical processing cortical decision-making)......

(a lot of traffic accidents happen. We in the cerebral cortex. Processing. Decision making. This process. Because of the cerebral cortex in carries on the analysis processing of sensory nerve cells. It has a (echo. Echo loop) circuit. It is called a nerve impulse around between senior central and the lower center.After over in one's mind. Then launched effector response. This is the so-called "look before you leap this truth. For simple. Instinct. Some objective information nature. By low-level center are analyzed. Immediately launched the effector response. And more complicated. The strange burst. Analysis. Processing a variety of objective information. You need between the low-level center and senior center. And recycle. Repeated analysis of objective information. Judgment. Processing. Until there is a best scheme. To launch the effector response. The so-called" look before you leap. The increase of reaction time we deal various dangers. Resulting in a variety of road traffic accidents. So we are dealing with an emergency to avoid this look before you leap. The way to reduce the reaction time. How to reduce the reaction time. The other Wen Youshu)

The front......

Ten and then to the efferent nerve cells

Eleven to the spinal cord

(spinal cord; central nervous lower parts of the spinal cord by peripheral nerve. The same skin. Muscle. The bones. Keep in touch. The basic function of the spinal cord. Transmission of uplink and downlink nerve impulses. Adjust the simple reflex)

Twelve. Down to the effector organs (such as musculoskeletal)

Thirteen kinds of sense organs respond (such as facial features. Limbs. Various reaction)

Fourteen features. The limbs. After the reaction of stimulation produced act

FifteenOnce again to the input nerve cells

Sixteen then transfer to the thalamus

Seventeen to the cerebral cortex (cerebral cortex through comprehensive analysis. The returned stimulus information processing. Correct. Correction)

Eighteen to output nerve cell

Nineteen to the effector, facial features. The limbs. To further improve the action.

This completes the objective information perception. Analysis. Processing. The output. And the anti left back again to confirm correct information. The movement of her limbs. Facial features more perfect

These various reaction takes time. Theoretically, the time averaged one point five seconds. But in the actual movement of cars. The driver found the situation to observe their movements. To conduct the comprehensive analysis. Judge. Accordingly. The reaction are not simple reaction. But the selectivity of the reaction. So the reaction time will be greatly extended. So in order to save traffic safety margin. The international unified the reaction time for 2.5 seconds. But in the actual operation for motorists years Ling. Sex. Physical condition. The cultural level. Traffic environment. The climatic conditions. The objective factors such as the reaction time. A driver up to about three seconds 3, the driver of the motor vehicle accident response output action

We know from the front is one old man from left to right across the road. Through. Cerebral cortex senior center and lower central. On past the general elderly cross the road rules memories. And the speed of vehicle. Analysis and the car and the elderly distance repeated. Judgment. A slowdown. Parking let elderly people live the highway on the decision

When the cerebral cortex is made stop. Let the old man cross the road and then moving forward after the decision. But this is not to say that parking will be immediately to stop a car. It also has aBrake reaction time: this time the deceleration of the vehicle running, this distance is the braking distance.

These twenty processes including the external information transfer mechanism. Treatment decision mechanism. The whole process of motion output mechanism of these three institutions

The outside information transfer mechanism

A driver to observe clearly the front. The kind of information is an old man

Two. See the elderly. From left to right, across the road

Three. See the elderly cross the road speed

Treatment decision making mechanism

Four. Determine the vehicle forward speed and the collision may exercise

Five. The central nervous system, cerebral cortex and the brainstem decision command deceleration parking

Six. The output neuron will command issued to the ridge with the motor nerve

Seven. The ridge with will reach effector command

Eight. The driver limbs received stop command

Nine. The driver decided to take down. Stop action. To avoid a collision with the elderly

The output mechanism of action

Ten the driver accelerator pedal loosen

Eleven. Foot off the accelerator pedal, brake pedal (collected on the passage of time, space and the acceleration pedal and brake pedal distance have great relations)

Twelve. The brake pedal

Thirteen. To overcome the brake pedal free travel

Fourteen. The brake pedal, the brake master pump inlet valve open

Fifteen. The compressed air or brake fluid, through the pipeline to the brake pump

Sixteen. The brake pump skin mould, the brake pump cam to the maximum angle

Seventeen. The brake shoe outward expansion pressure to the brake drum

Eighteen. The braking force of brake is maximized

Nineteen. All the wheels stop turning

Twenty. The vehicle to a complete stop

The above twenty processes The first thirteen process involves the drivers, seven months after the procedure, mainly related to vehicle factors, in principle it is not to transfer the driver's subjective will, but also have a subjective factors, such as,Foot off the accelerator pedal toThe speed of brake pedal, brake pedal light, heavy, time is also on the braking distance and.

Is the need of time above all process. The whole process of completion time. According to the stimulation signal strength. The state of the environment around them. The technical condition of vehicles is good or bad. Vehicle speed. Sensitive degree of drivers. The bell. Sex, culture degree. Technical proficiency. And body fatigue condition. There is big difference