Through old newspapers in the Shanghai library, read a communication, there is a real Shenzhen from Hongkong model, launched the first "mortgage" business, this is the first case in mainland China, are likely to produce such a profound influence on the mainland real estate market.

I looked at the time this newsletter, is1992Years4Month17Day, but twenty years from now.

Twenty years ago, the vast majority of the mainland people, "mortgage" is a new word, mortgage purchase was a new thing. But soon, the word fire, popular, it flew from Shenzhen to Guangzhou, flying from Guangzhou to Shanghai, flying from Shanghai to the inland city, it blossom everywhere, the air plant, in the twenty year after today, it has become China language system, one of the most frequently used words, every day listen, everybody understands, set the sentence words, called for having heard it many times, even woman and children all know.

Even woman and children all know, know is the mortgage meaning, may not know the mortgage. To the developers to pay a Shoufu, is to buy the house mortgaged to the bank, the bank for us to pay the remaining 1629, and then we'll monthly debt service to the bank, this process is called a mortgage, and we all know. Why is called a mortgage? Refers to the bank was on the ground, then monthly off a layer of skin? Absolutely not.

I checked the dictionary of Chinese latest revision, also landed on Wikipedia and Baidu encyclopedia, their mortgage definitions are the same, that mortgage is exotic, is a foreign word, is a trend of Cantonese to English wordsMortgageTransliteration.MortgageIs the mortgage meaning, pronunciation with "mortgage" this two word of Cantonese pronunciation (Mao Ji) are very similar, so the Cantonese for "mortgage" to "Mortgage, like we use "sofa" transliterationSofa, "Coffee" transliterationCoffee, "pizza" transliterationPizzaThe same.

From this explanation with the facts.

In fact, the mortgage is trading terms Chinese native. As early as in the Southern Song Dynasty, the Jiangsu and Zhejiang area has "from mortgage debt" argument. According to the production, refers to the use of industry for the mortgage; mortgage debt, refers to obtain loans. People in the Ming Dynasty "were written:" the collateral called "according to", the borrowing behavior called "Jie", the mortgage property documents called "according to the contract"The signing of the mortgage contract, called "expose the voucher". Obviously, the "mortgage" unlike "sofa", "Coffee" and "pizza", it is not a transliteration of the continuous words, but one can split phrase: Press, said mortgage; mortgage loans, mortgage, mortgage said.

The Qing Dynasty signed mortgage contracts, also often used the words "mortgage", contract format is so general:

Li Jie for certain people, because of this hand, exposing to XXX bank (or a pawnshop) money several, both sides say some monthly interest. Will a house (or land) as for several years, due to, silver lease square, do not have the perspective. If the interest due is not clear, the principal as the price, mortgage bonds as a bill of sale, will sell off. A verbal statement without any proof, this coupon to expose.

This contract than modern property buyers and banks signed a mortgage contract is much simpler, but points range: mortgage period, the mortgage industry, monthly interest, loans can not return the punitive measures, are already in the contract clearly marked.

If we pay attention to the contract documents of Qing Dynasty, can be a large number of mortgage contracts are used the term "mortgage" see. These contracts not only in Guangdong, also appeared in Beijing, southern and central china. In view of the Chinese speak English does not see more, people privately signed mortgage contract does not seem to have no need to use transliteration. As for the times more distant Sung and Ming Dynasty, the more impossible to put theseMortgageInto their own.

I have seen a judgment in twenty years, said the Jiangmen Zhen Guangdong Xinhui county (now Jiangmen City Xinhui District) a surname merchant for mortgage loans to banks, with the bank signed a "according to the notice", also is the mortgage loan contract. The official verdict the mortgage contract is described as "the notice", the word "mortgage" at least in the Republic of China has been the mainstream use. Just as the planned economy long-term implementation of our new China was founded, has been quite developed mortgage loans in the folk temporarily disappear from the scene, this word is no longer in use, so that recently twenty years when re used, most people will have a very strange feeling, make it wrong as the reform and opening up the introduction of the Europe and the United States vocabulary.

Of course, the "mortgage" to the Cantonese pronunciationMortgageEnglish pronunciation is really like, I think there are two possibilities: first, it is a very fun. Far western exchanges between two, perhaps earlier than we imagine, perhaps China "mortgage" is a word in a dynasty by Guangdong businessmen spread to the west, the last being Westerners transliterated intoMortgageAnd perhaps, "mortgage" is from the west, in the early Southern Song Dynasty before the West business to China.

In factMortgageThe British people are undoubtedly exotic, because the word around17A century later ("the complete works of Shakespeare" in there, Shakespeare is a master of language, all of his dramatic works mentioned mortgage can be around a lot of bending, useBorrow, impawn, pledge and so a lot of words to describe, and can use the mortgage so simple words), it is derived from the FrenchMort gagé.MortIn French means death,Gagé refers to the collateral,Mort gagé, meaning unless repaid loans, or mortgages would have been at the death (frozen) state, it summed up the image features of mortgage loans.

That is, the ancient Chinese although he had to mortgage loans, the mortgage is with our modern people usually speak of mortgage is not the same. We said mortgage, generally refers to buy a house when can't afford or do not want to suddenly have to pay 1629, has not been fully property as collateral in the bank to pay the balance of the purchase of property, please. And the mortgage refers to when the economy is tight or short of money, has already have full rights as collateral to borrow from the industry, bank, bank, pawnshop or natural person, they don't like our modern people to buy a house, but the mortgage. Or in other words, there is no ancient China mortgage, mortgage purchase.

Mortgage purchase from what began to appear? The Republic of China, and Shanghai in the Republic of china.

For example.1927Years, Shanghai famous doctor Chen Cunren in the south of Shanghai City, buy a house, two storey home look, asked twenty-five thousand ocean, Chen Cunren, the money is not enough, only fifteen thousand ocean, so he first sign over the deed to the house, and then with the deed to the bank mortgage processing procedures, the bank to pay the seller ten thousand oceans. The next day, he only needs to bank debt servicing, as we modern people to the bank mortgage.

There are "news".1936Years3Month4"Declaration", reports said:"Shanghai real estate is completely different from the mainland, the mainland owners must have the spare money, to purchase, the children left, the world kept its industry, and taxes heavier, less transfer. Shanghai is completely the nature of business, to become the three or four pad, to Chinese and foreign merchants mortgage loans into six or seven, the purchase of industry." It is buy a house in other city, must pay in full, the threshold is very high, but in Shanghai you can mortgage, property buyers to pay 30% to 40% on the line.

In the era of the Republic of China, Shanghai prices topped each big city, far more than the capital city Peking and after the victory of the northern expedition was upgraded as the capital of Nanjing, only Guangzhou housing prices can occasionally with Shanghai (Republic of China twenty years of racing together bridle to bridle, Southeast Asia overseas Chinese have returned, gathered in Guangzhou real estate speculation, so that local housing prices skyrocketing). At the same time, Shanghai's real estate market is the most developed and mature, in the Anti Japanese War before the outbreak of Chinese,, and only Shanghai this city has the mortgage purchase, some banks operating in Shanghai and Shanxi banks even opened a two mortgage business: the mortgage property buyers also mortgage to a certain period of time, when the feeling insufficient, but also by virtue of the mortgage contract and payment list to apply for a loan, rob Peter to pay Paul, lest because the default by the banks to take it.

Note appended.In addition to the literature, this paper also made reference to "the home will be used for class", "things complete life history" silver age,"Chinese the contract made in", "the contract documents collection (1990.)","Guangdong land contract documents","Guangdong High Court in 1931 second monthly" No. fifth "Liang Xianrong and Zhong PEI for mortgage litigation case against ",Shanghai Real Estate Institute in 1933 version of "Shanghai real estate records", commercial press in 1934 Chinese "bank".