The constitution is the fundamental of national politics, is the basic safeguard of rights and interests of the people. Can also be understood as the people to the party's authorization contract

Constitution making is a matter of science."

In June 14th, Mao Zedong chaired thirtieth meetings of Council of the Central People's government, through the "draft constitution of the PRC" and announced on the constitution draft resolution, requirements of local people's governments at various levels throughout the country generally discuss immediately on the draft constitution in the people, mobilize the masses to actively put forward amendments to the draft constitution. They also asked the constitution Drafting Committee to continue its work, collect people's opinion, to study, to complete the draft constitution amendment in the first session of the first National People's Congress is held, and ready to submit a draft constitution report to the National People's congress.

Mao Zedong made "about" the draft constitution of the people's Republic of China to speak at the meeting. He confidently said: this draft constitution, seems to be very popular. Why? Mao Zedong explained: the main is to draft a constitution to take the leading organs of the views and opinions of the masses combination. This draft constitution combines the minority leader, announced after the opinions and more than 8000 people, but also by the National People's opinion, discussion, the views and the views of people across the country are combined. Mao Zedong predicted: after the publication of the draft constitution, will receive the unanimous support of the people, will have great influence in the world. Meeting the requirements of people's governments at various levels shall immediately organize extensive discussion of all walks, the proposed amendments, also asked the constitution Drafting Committee to continue to work, to collect the views of the people, before the first National People's Congress was held, to complete the draft constitution amendment.

At the time, has been proposed to the Constitution called "Mao Zedong constitution", the draft constitution is written into the glorification of Mao Zedong text. Mao Zedong firmly rejected, and delete the praise the draft constitution own provisions. Some people say that delete these Provisions is Mao Zedong "modesty". In this regard, Mao Zedong seriously at the meeting: can't explain, this is not modesty, but because that is not appropriate, unreasonable, unscientific. In the people's democratic countries such as us, should not be written as inappropriate provision. Not should write out of modesty, don't write. He said: science without what modest immodest questions. Constitution making is a matter of science. In addition to our science, what all don't believe, that is to say, not superstition. Chinese or foreigners, the dead or the living or,,, right is right, wrong is wrong, otherwise called superstition. To do away with all fetishes and superstitions. Whether ancient or modern, or, the correct letter, incorrect not letter, not letter but also criticism. This is the scientific attitude.

The constitution is not a seamless heavenly robe, there will always be a disadvantage.

6 month 16 days, "people's Daily" published the full text of the draft constitution, and entitled "on the people in the country widely discussed the draft constitution of the people's Republic of China". Then, a national debate with the fastest speed, the most short time spread rapidly in nationwide. Discussion lasted more than two months, the number of participating in the discussion of as many as 150000000 people, accounting for 1/4 of the population in all aspects, and put forward the views of a total of more than 118. Based on these observations and recommendations, the constitution Drafting Committee on the draft and revised.

In September 9th, the Central People's Government Committee on the thirty-fourth meeting to discuss the adoption of the draft again after the constitutional amendment, and decided to formally submit it to the first session of the first National People's Congress for deliberation.

In the meantime, Liu Shaoji presided over the drafting to the first session of the first National People's Congress made "on the draft constitution of the people's Republic of China report". This report is on the draft Constitution states, is an important historical document. Mao Zedong on this report made several amendments. September 9, 1954 morning 2 when, Mao Zedong in change part "on the draft constitution of the people's Republic of China report" draft, decisions about Political Bureau Standing Committee to discuss the draft report of the first two chapters, the first chapter is "the draft constitution of the people's Republic of China is the historical experience", "the second chapter on the basic content the draft constitution". He signed a memorandum to the Secretary General Gao Zhi, he used the telephone to inform Zhou Enlai, Zhu De, Chen Yun, Deng Xiaoping et al: now afternoon 5 when before and after 7 pm, see Comrade Shao Qi constitution draft report of the first two chapters, so that night at about 11, and Shao Qi, Alberta, to my office to talk about the two chapter some of the problems.

In September 11th, Mao Zedong on this report from A to Z change again. In September 12th, Liu Shaoji chaired the constitution Drafting Committee of the ninth meeting, discuss the changes "on the draft constitution of the people's Republic of China report". The meeting finally decided to commission drafted the report by Liu Shaoji on behalf of the constitution. In September 13th, Mao Zedong and the report made a last-minute change validation.

In September 14, 1954, representatives to participate in the first session of the National People's Congress in Beijing. According to the Tibet and other areas of the National People's Congress's opinion, the Central People's government committee holds a temporary meeting, on the draft constitution was amended. Present at the meeting besides 44 government members, invited 21 celebrities conference representative group leader to attend the meeting.

On the meeting, Mao Zedong put forward the draft Constitution: there are two places to change, this is the National People's congress deputies comments, the better. One is "the first constitution" in our country, to "people's Republic of China constitution". These modifications are written, but do not change it. Over the past Chinese constitution of 8 (not including the draft): the "constitution",

Sun Zhongshan's "provisional constitution of the Republic of China", Yuan Shikai's "Republic of China Constitution", Cao Kun's "constitution of the Republic of China", Jiang Jieshi's "Republic of China Constitution" the period of political tutelage, "constitution of the Republic of China", Ruijin central workers' and peasants' democratic government promulgated "the Soviet constitution outline", Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference common the program of new Chinese "". The constitution is "China's first constitution", is wrong; it is "the people's Republic of China Constitution", is be worthy of the name. This is the nature of writing, but important changes, not less.

Another need to modify the place is in the third paragraph third: "all ethnic groups...... Is to preserve or reform their own customs and religious freedom." The problem lies in the "religious beliefs" five words, on behalf of the people present, said reform "religious" can, reform "belief" is wrong, and eighty-eighth had stipulates that "citizens of the people's Republic of China freedom of religious belief". The so-called "freedom of religion", that is: your religious or non religious belief, or you may believe; the religion, and believe that religion; the letter, and can not believe; was not letter, later can also believe. Since the provisions of article eighty-eighth, article third words "reform of the freedom of religious belief," he repeated. This is Tibet the comments made by the representative, said that writing is not good, it seems is not a religion, said "reformed" can also. The history of religious reform for many, such as Catholicism, Christianity, Buddhism, Lamaism reform etc.. I think this opinion is the reason, "and the religious belief" five words out, to "preserve or reform their own folkways and customs". Because there are eighty-eighth, delete the words never mind, lest misunderstanding, lest repeat, or text. Chinese scientists against wrote, "said the reformed faith.". This is a complete copy of the "common program". Visible, "common program" is not also have the disadvantage of. At this point, Liu Shaoji's draft report shall be mentioned in.

When it comes to the possible problems, Mao Zedong pointed out, the constitution is not a seamless heavenly robe, there will always be a disadvantage. "A seamless heavenly Robe", this book is said. "Tianyi" -- I have not seen, but also take not from heaven down to read, I saw the clothes are seamed, for example, I wear this dress is seamed. The Constitution and other laws,, are bound to have a flaw. What I found, can be made to modify, anyway, the National People's Congress once a year, can be modified at any time. Get over it, then don't change. Finally, Mao Zedong said, this is a more complete constitution. The first is the CPC Central Committee to draft, then to Beijing more than 500 senior cadres to discuss, in the country of 8000 people is discussed, then three months of National People's discussion, the National People's Congress, more than 1000 people discuss. The drafting of the constitution should be cautious, every one, every word was a careful scrutiny, but also can not speak is no disadvantage, a seamless heavenly robe.

In September 20, 1954, the first session of the people's Republic of China, the first session of the National People's Congress by secret ballot by the fundamental law of the Republic -- "the constitution of the people's Republic of China". Republic of the first constitution which was born.