AbstractThe implementation of constitutional politics is Chinese Communist Party after 60 years of arduous exploration, paying a huge price conclusion. Only practice the rule of law, the establishment of effective constitutional politics, it may really out of control of historical cycle rate, completely solve the long-term ruling of our party and national long period of stability of the system and the system. The implementation of constitutional politics and the leadership of the party in opposition, is very wrong. But the constitution governing, not constitutional ruling, which will not only undermine the rule of law, in violation of the party's basic line and policies. Not only do we have to talk about constitutional government, but also the construction of constitutionalism, to build a more superior than the capitalist constitutionalism constitution of socialist political China characteristics.

Key wordThe Constitution and political historical periodic law ruling

Question: how to break through the problem of historical cycle rate

From ancient to modern times, the history of human development, any future regime was founded, regardless of the feudal emperors or the bourgeois government, or socialist regime like "long live", hope to long-term and even not stand forever. This is the political philosophy of "Goldbach conjecture": human beings have no possibility of creating a strong regime, to ensure that the "Jiangshan existence, unaltered forever"?

Long before the new Chinese was established, the problem also pointedly put in front of the Communist Party of Chinese. Many people are familiar with the 1945 Huang YanpeiMao ZedongIn Yanan, the famous dialogue about historical cycle rate. Mr. Huang Yanpei said: I was born more than 60 years, hear not, the saw, the so-called real its Hing also, Yan dying suddenly, a man, a house, a group, a local, and even a country, many units are not able to escape the cycle rate of power. When the first concentrate one's attention on, there is no need of the heart, not a person is not hard, maybe then difficulties and hardships, only from the dead in a lifetime looking. Then the environment gradually improved, the spirit will gradually down. Some because of long history, natural inert attack, by a few acting for the majority, to conduct form, despite the strong, can not be reversed, and cannot be remedied. Also in order to expand the area step by step, it expands, some for the natural development, some exploits to demand driven, development, to the cadre talent gradually impoverished, difficult to cope with the increasingly complex environment when, back up, it tends to be weak control force. A history, "the idle Huan" also have ", that" there, "glory of humiliation" also have. In a word can not jump out of this cycle rate. The CPC members from past to now, I have to understand, is hoping to find a new way to jump out of this cycle, control rate.

Mr. Huang Yanpei is very curious how the Communist Party of China face, answer, solve this eternal problem. Mao Zedong after listen to, have a well-thought-out plan replied: we have found a new way, can we get out of this cycle rate. The new road, is democracy. Only allow people to supervise the government, the government would not dare lax. Only when everyone up responsible, don't renwangzhengxi.

At least from the start, Chinese Communist Party and every generation of collective leadership have been thinking, exploration of this important proposition: how to create a can jump out of the historical cycle rate dominated regime, the implementation of the party's long-term governance and national long period of stability.

In 2004, the Fourth Plenary Session of the sixteen proposed again: "sharp proletarian party seized power control regime is not easy, especially long-term control regime more not easy. The ruling status of the party is not innate, not put things right once and for all. We must be vigilant in peace time, strengthen the sense of hardship, deep draw on some of the world's ruling party promote decline success or failure experience, more consciously strengthen the ruling ability construction, always for the people hold good politics, power well." [1] to improve the ruling ability, can solve the problem of one thing, but to get out of control of historical cycle rate, completely solve the long-term governance and long period of stability problem, also must start from the system and the system.

At the end of 2012 12, the CPC Central Committee General Secretary Xi Jinping visited the central committees of the 8 democratic parties and the all China Federation of industry and commerce, in the conversation, the Secretary General once again mentioned in the Huang Yanpei and Mao Zedong in Yanan about the historical cycle rate of the dialogue, that it has to Chinese Communist Party are good mountain and warning. [2] the general secretary to the historical cycle rate, is to let the party do not forget the lessons of success or failure from ancient to modern times, find a system and the system can be long long jump out of the historical cycle rate control, ensure long-term security the party's long-term governance and state.

Since ancient times, from 1945 to the present, this proposition has been repeatedly. But the correct answer in where? The historical experience and lessons of at all times and in all countries, the political, economic and other multi angle analysis of research, we can draw a conclusion: only practice the rule of law, the establishment of effective political constitution, namely constitutionalism, it may really out of control of historical cycle rate, completely solve the long ruling party and national long period of stability of the system and the system.

Constitutionalism, rule of law sense more fundamental than democracy

The so-called constitutional politics, is built on the basis of the constitutional politics, can be referred to as the "constitutional" or "constitution". [3] regardless of that, the constitutional politics or "constitutional government" has a special meaning. The author published in 2009 "about democratic constitutionalism rethinking of the relationship between" one article, [4] discusses three major concerns: first, any constitutional government, regardless of whether any leaders elected, in any case, [5] to accept the Constitution and laws, to accept supervision, not abuse their power, cannot corrupt, that the implementation of the "rule of law", the power under the law to go inside the cage. Even a democratically elected government, its behavior is also subject to rigorous supervision and restriction. People often put too much trust in a democratically elected government, it is easy to unlimited authorization, and reject any external supervision, the supervision how elected governments, to ensure it does not corrupt, not abuse, to prevent the elected government transformed into unlimited government beyond the constitutional law, will become the primary concern of constitutionalism.

Second, the constitutional government not only requires the government power must be limited, but also requires the allocation of state power must be scientific and reasonable, coordinated and efficient. How to configure a variety of state power, how to set up national institutions and the relationship between should be what kind of relationship, these should be scientific problems. Any country, must have one of the most suitable for the national conditions, history, customs, natural condition, geographic and economic conditions of the political system, the constitution, the task is to find the most suitable system. Law is a science, political science should be. [6] in the constitution should also be scientific. [7] the visible, constitutional in addition to emphasize the "rule of law", it must be scientific and political, is "scientific governance". Generally speaking, constitutionalism is combined with the "rule of law" and "scientific management".

Third, although some people do not participate directly in the government, but the state must guarantee the basic human rights, freedom and the basic rights of people to a certain extent.

Constitutionalism is initially generated in the uk. In 1215, the British made "Great Charter of liberty", by some scholars as the origin of the western constitutional government in Britain and. [8] at that time, the main purpose is not to democracy, let the people to elect the king and his government, but to restrict the king and the power of the government. Therefore, before the democratic and constitutional. Strictly speaking, can say, until today, the British had not realized fully democratic, heads of state, heads of government is not elected, non voters directly elected, but the constitutional government has set, already formed government under the rule of law, human rights are respected and guaranteed.

Historically, authoritarian governments are easy to abuse of power, but a democratic government may abuse power. The elected government and its leaders may carry the weight of public opinion, contempt for the law, its logic, law is nothing but the deputies to the National People's Congress (parliament) of creation, and the elected government is the people's own direct "birth". Is the law, or the elected leaders of higher? Of course, is elected leaders people directly elected than people indirectly through their representatives made law has more authority. Therefore, a democratic government may do as one pleases, if there is no strong legal supervision outside, the elected government and its leaders will be above the law, corruption and tyranny. In this sense, constitutional concern with democracy, but pay more attention to the supervision of democratic government, emphasize system to restrict the democratic government and its leaders.

This is the philosophical foundation of constitutionalism and the basic logic. Although any political system needed by people to operate, the operator's quality, ability and moral and political quality of the relationship, but the constitutionalism is more interested in, whether the political power by supervision due, design of the entire political system is scientific and reasonable. No matter how good the electoral system cannot guarantee to elect people must have both ability and political integrity of the best, the most appropriate. It is the function of the constitutional government, even in this situation do not worry, no matter what kind of people power, power limits are impassable constitutional and legal regulation, should be performed in accordance with legal version. The eye is covered, regardless of who is in the position of authority, regardless of whether you're elected, constitutional law to supervise you, bound to you, let what you cannot do as one pleases.

The most ideal regime is of course both constitutionalism and the rule of law, and democracy, such a system the most solid, the strongest earthquake, is the longest; second is the only democratic constitutionalism and rule of law, less; again is the only democracy without constitutionalism and rule of law; the worst, there is no democracy, no constitutionalism and the rule of law. That is to say, a country of democracy can be flawed, "deficit", not perfect, but without constitutionalism and rule of law, not a "constitutional government deficit" and "the rule of the deficit". The lack of constitutional government, the rule of law is much more serious than the consequences of the lack of democracy.

The Constitution and the constitutional law should focus on democracy, the pursuit of democracy, but should not take the constitution, constitutionalism and democracy these conceptual confusion together. Political science to study power where it came from, attention to democracy, constitutional law also should be concerned about the power is granted, - granted or people award, concerned about the origin of the problem of democracy, but its main mission is to guarantee the scientific configuration and human power technology, power of supervision and restriction of power, should be studied and right knowledge is power, scientific configuration, power supervision and protection of human rights theory. Constitutional law and political science should cooperate, rather than to study democracy, ignoring the study how to supervise power, standardize democratic.

Democracy is a necessary condition for national long period of stability, but not the only, sufficient conditions, democracy is only combined with the rule of law, the constitution form the political, constitutional, to jump out of the historical cycle rate control, realize the route one must take regime "long live". There are four main reasons. One is through the constitutional construction, power firmly bound within the Constitution and law, and provide clear rules of power operation, to avoid the power to become a runaway horse, harm to others, cause the regime of self disintegration. Two is the construction of constitutionalism, people can change the government through constitutional means, without having to resort to violence, the institutional, legal supreme power replacement, repair, replacement, the regime can be self perfection, self renewal, and always maintain the vitality of the objective. [9] three is the constitutional protection of basic human rights. Under the constitutional government system, national respect for basic human rights, the people have full rights and freedom, the people and government interaction between healthy and harmonious. The four is the constitutional government provides channels and methods to solve all legal disputes, put an end to the violence, the private relief. Look from the history, the fall of the regime is the main reason of the civil war. The main and the outbreak of civil war is a fair and reasonable solution cannot be obtained because of the long-term conflicts of all kinds, finally led to the civil war. The reason why these contradictions and disputes can not be fair and reasonable solution, because the country is no law, everywhere defy laws human and divine, or the law but the law itself is not fair, or legal equality but there is no way to obtain the very good implementation, people can only self relief, violence is inevitable. Therefore, the legal system and mechanism must be established a set of fair and reasonable, the contradictions and disputes, all kinds of political disputes, are incorporated into the legal track, so that it could achieve sustainable landscape solid, regime.

"A nation, a constitution, a destiny"

The ancient feudal regime is clearly not be able to solve "the Hing also rate period, Yan dying suddenly". No matter how wise monarch, regardless of I and his successors how competent, whatever his government to be clean, and ultimately have no way to break the "A man lives with his work., that" the curse of. To Chinese history as an example, from a clear written history began, many dynasties have only a few decades, one hundred years of "life", can be more than 200 years, only Han (426 years, divided into the Western Han Dynasty, the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Song Dynasty (319 years), the Northern Song Dynasty, the Southern Song Dynasty to Tang (289), years, including 21 years of the Wu Zetian administration), Ming (276 years) and Qing (268 years) of five dynasties. When these dynasties are more than 200 years, have entered the end, coming to an end, the historical cycle rate in attack, signs of decline has been very clear, until the last fall, crumble, was a dynasty replaced.

A very cruel fact is, "rich country" not necessarily "strong". Proof of two thousand years of the history of the world economy, China's total GDP is long the world first, [10] but we have not been able to put the "rich" into hard power state, not "strong", did not solve the problem of historical cycle, the reason is not in itself, but a problem of politics. Last Qing emperor 50 years (1861 to 1911), the total GDP China still among the highest in the world, especially in the wake of the second Opium War, the Qing government carried out the Westernization Movement for more than 30 years, the national strength increases, the total GDP still ranks the first in the world second, is Japan several times, but in the Jia Wu war failed.

The state economy is the flesh and blood, not flesh and blood, is not. Constitutionalism and rule of law is the national skeleton and neural network. No constitutionalism and the rule of law, the state has no skeletal support, there is no ideal value, political order, social anomie, rampant corruption, is a pile of messy, trampled upon the flesh! With no legal order, the country can be a disaster. Because it is not rich in rule of law or the rule of law is not perfect situation to obtain, no order, no fair; in addition, richer, more conflicts and disputes, if the law can not solve these contradictions and disputes, it can only be solved through violence. History has proven time and again, no matter how wise emperor, no matter what the wise ever-young of palaces and tombs, no matter how strong build, no matter how rich GDP countries, no matter how high (even the first in the world), ultimately unable to jump out the domination of historical cycle rate. Chinese feudal regime can not solve this problem, on one hand there is no way to realize the organic unity of the monarchy and democracy like Britain, we dare not develop democracy, is not willing to the construction of constitutionalism and rule of law, is the natural result of death.

At the end of the Qing Dynasty, the rulers had instinctively tried to jump out the constitutionalism, domination of historical cycle rate, but did not succeed. The constitutional reform in why eventually ended in failure, resulting in the death of a broken? Not the people and history gives no chance to the Qing government, the opportunities are many, the main cause of failure of the Qing Royal family and the government delayed reform, to establish constitutionalism, be of two about muddle with one's duty, passive, opportunity loss of constitutionalism constitution again and again, let the "constitutional moment" in their own hands missed. To realize constitutionalism is to save the last straw, determined action, already too late, the outbreak of the revolution has been unable to avoid. If the Qing Royal family and the government to actively promote constitutional, from top to bottom go to, not let people from the bottom up force, it very likely constitutional reform success; if the Qing Dynasty imperial family and government decided, strong willed and clear, eliminate all interference, leading the whole process can be successfully established constitutional constitution, constitutionalism, state not split perish, territory, sovereignty will not decay. Has been in a Chinese East Japan, mid nineteenth Century against the Western powers in the same circumstances, can rise rapidly, has entered the ranks of great powers, the main reason is that in the first Asian formulated the constitution, established the constitutionalism, constitutionalism constitution, smoothly completes the constitutional transformation.

At present, the world's oldest political system is the "Glorious Revolution" in 1689 the establishment of the constitutional monarchy system, has been running for 324 years. In this 320 years, the British had no what the civil war, realize the long-term peace and development. A system can continue to apply for more than 300 years still to run well, a country can be more than 300 years not to fight in the civil war, was a political miracle! Why can be so, because the establishment of constitutional system, provides the running rule of legal political, and any disputes can be fair and reasonable solution through the rule of law. It is precisely because of the established the constitutional, political system completely solves the problem of Britain, to be in the "security", quickly embarked on a road of aggression, to occupy the overseas colonies. A native of only 240000 square kilometers of Western European country, can occupy world 33500000 square kilometers of land -- the equivalent of 1/4 of earth's land, and almost all of the marine channels (open a map of the world, we will find that, most of the islands and the sea channel are British name).

America developed history also proved this truth. American second capitalist constitutionalism country. From the North American continent in 1787 13 independent countries (State) more than 50 representatives to develop today's USA constitution in Philadelphia, constructed with USA national constitutional system. [11] the constitutional system has existed and successful operation of 224 years, 200 years increased by only 27 amendments to the constitution. In a short span of 200 years, USA leap than all other countries, continue to enter new areas, to increase the population, gathered the best talent in the world, with the most advanced high-tech world, is the world's largest economy, has the history of mankind the most powerful forces, military or military presence in more than 70 countries. After compared with the British constitutional establishment 300 years so far, not to fight the civil war, USA constitutional country for more than 200 years, there has been only one civil war. But only in the past 60 years, American in overseas has played 170 times and. Not to say that outside the war is good, but that American can move, consistent foreign, because America in the early years of the Republic had "security", established in accordance with the American situation from our constitutional system, beginning to be completely solved the problem of system. "A nation, a constitution, a kind of destiny", in the American view, USA constitution to USA brings good luck. 12.

The Anglo American countries are able to bourgeois party in power for a long time, the national long period of stability, [13] is because the first constitutional, domestic political and legal, institutional, any problems including political problem, can be solved by law, any internal contradictions may not deteriorate into civil war, civil war, British people no longer hit the UK people, Americans no longer to fight the americans. In USA 2000 presidential election recount dispute as an example, on the 36 day of the vote counting disputes, despite fierce struggle, even intensified, but no violence, no army, no one died, the use of the lawyers and judges, they debate in court debate the right and wrong. The year December 12th night, USA Supreme Court to make a final decision, a field in other countries may have evolved into a long time of strife and civil war "struggle to the throne", as the Supreme Court gavel fell and a peaceful end. Indeed, in the American Civil War that these countries do not, even if the occurrence of similar as long as we "Cultural Revolution" period of civil strife is almost impossible, their constitutional system has ensured the success of hundreds of years of peace, political stability, rapid development, and has become a super power in the world. Many of the traditional powers, powers all feel ashamed of one's inferiority in front of these new constitutional state. Many countries for a long time, the restless, political instability and civil strife, civil war and the long-term struggle, anxiety, civil strife often trigger foreign aggression, foreign invasion, the continued loss of national sovereignty, further intensified internal problems, internal always make uncertain, mention foreign enter new areas.

Compared with the British 300 years not to fight the civil war, America founded more than 200 years played only a civil war, China from twenty-sixth Century BC to 1911 ad Shennong, the fall of the Qing Dynasty, in the long years of about 4500, recorded a total of 3791 times of war. [14] since 1912 100 years, Chinese also experienced many wars, especially the "Cultural Revolution" a lot like this should be avoided as long time civil war. The reason why there are so many civil war, one of the important reasons is that China has not established an effective system of constitutional government and the rule of law. Since the reform and opening up, Chinese continuously for more than 30 years did not happen, and the civil war, one of the important reasons is the 30 years of development of democracy and the rule of law, making a large number of disputes can be resolved by law is fair and reasonable.

We have to admit, the socialist countries have not very good solve this problem. The Soviet Union lasted less than 70 years (1922 to 1991), true it may be said "the Hing also, Yan dying suddenly"! The demise of the Soviet Union and one of the important reasons, it should be said that is democracy and the rule of law a long absence, not to the construction of socialist political constitution, construction of enduring constitutional system and mechanism. Just asDeng XiaopingComrades pointed out that the serious: "today we don't improve the socialist system, people will say, why some problems can be solved by the capitalist system, socialist system but can't solve? This method is not comprehensive, but we cannot therefore do not pay attention to.StalinSerious damage to the socialist legal system, Comrade Mao Zedong has said, such a thing in English, law, the United States so western countries may not happen. Although he is aware of this point, but not in practice solve the problems in our system of leadership, still lead to the 'Cultural Revolution' in ten years of catastrophe. The lesson is extremely profound." 15.

We dare not say that western countries would have resolved the eternal problem, succeeded in finding the jump out of the historical cycle rate control method, because the British system only lasted 324 years, American system can maintain for 224 years. 300 years, 200 years in the history of human being is just a.twenty. Perhaps, America soon also to "political reform", reform present system, establish the new deal. However, do not see signs of this and may. The capitalist system can solve the problem, the socialist system should also be able to solve, and should be solved better.

Constitutional politics China Road

As mentioned before, how to solve the problem of historical cycle, the proposed the first generation of collective leadership with Comrade Mao Zedong led the "democracy". But the practice has proved that the national long period of stability, democracy is necessary but not sufficient condition. In some countries, democracy, strong. But some countries democracy after declined, political corruption, social chaos. After the founding of the PRC, we tried to "great democracy", the negative results to democracy, that occurs as a "Cultural Revolution" of the tragedy, the national economy is almost to the edge of collapse. The first generation of collective leadership Chinese people to realize national independence, and has established a relatively complete national economic system, its historical contribution is indelible. However, we have to admit, they have not been able to solve the problem of how to ensure the party in power for a long time from the system, the national long period of stability of the historical problem.

To Comrade Deng Xiaoping as the representative of the second generation of collective leadership after the "ten years of catastrophe, the Great Cultural Revolution", summed up the "Cultural Revolution" occurred in the efforts to explore the reasons, to avoid tragedy from happening again, achieve long-term ruling system. Comrade Mao Zedong was compared for solving this eternal problem given the "democratic" prescription, second generation collective leadership put forward solutions, in addition to democracy and legal system, "". Comrade Deng Xiaoping realized the real cause of the "Cultural Revolution" tragedy is system and system. He said: "we all kinds of errors occurred in the past, though with some leaders of thought, style, but the organization system, work system problems is more important. These aspects of the system to restrict bad guys, bad system can make good people to do good fully, and even go to the opposite....... Not to say that the person is not responsible, but that the system of leadership, organizational systems are more fundamental, overall, stable and long-lasting. This system, whether to change the color relations between the party and the state, we must attach great importance to the party. [16] he also pointed out: "I have a point of view, if a party, a country is pinning its hopes on the one or two person's prestige, not very healthy. So, as long as the people have changed, there will be no stability....... I think the role of any one individual." He said: "I have never believed in exaggerating the role of any one individual, because that is dangerous, difficult to continue. To a country, a party's stability based on one or two personal prestige, is unreliable, very easy problems." [17] so, must seriously implement the socialist democracy, strengthen the socialist legal system, the democratization, legalization, so that the system and the law has the stability, continuity and great authority, not by leaders of changes, not to change the views of leaders and the changes of attention.

In the aspect of solving this eternal problem, given the party's second generation of collective leadership is a way of "democracy and legal system", which is a great progress! The "rule of law" is the essence of constructing system, the establishment of rules. Any of a long-standing organization, whether government or company, enterprise, social organization, internal rules and regulations must be very perfect, not by force, can the independent body self operation. Otherwise, the internal chaos, or simply take the law of the jungle "jungle principle" to solve the internal contradictions, such organizations could not long, not out of control cycle rate.

The party's third generation of collective leadership with Comrade Jiang Zemin at the core of the banner of socialist democracy and legal system, as well as the Party Central Committee with Comrade Hu Jintao as general secretary to, to push forward the cause of socialism democracy legal system in china. Especially in 1997, the 15th Party Congress established the "ruling the country by law, building a socialist country ruled by law" is the basic strategy of governing the country, and written into the Constitution in 1999, from the implementation of the "rule of law" to "rule of law" leap, the rule of law is not only the means, tools, more important is the strategic target, is the important direction and value orientation of national development. Focus on the construction of rule of law is not only the public and the society, but into government and leader cadre, use the law to define the limits of authority, regulate the operation of the power, building the rule of law and the rule of law government.

Comrade Jiang Zemin presided over the 1999 January people outside the forum, the constitution was amended sections that advice, the constitution is the fundamental law of the state, has the extremely vital role in national life. The constitution is the core and foundation of the legal system, is the fundamental basis for the rule of law. We speak of the rule of law, building a socialist country ruled by law, the first is the constitutional basis for governing the country, nation building. He emphasizes, maintain the dignity of the constitution, to ensure the implementation of the constitution is very important. This first needs to establish and perfect the legal system of safeguard constitution implementation, a series of the principle of constitution through legislation to implement. He said, China's socialist democracy and legal system development, not only the legislative achievements, and law enforcement work has made great progress, the rule of law and social environment are gradually formed. During the "Cultural Revolution" occurred in flagrant violation of constitution that things have gone for ever. But we also must see soberly, in real life, the authority of the constitution has not been fully reflected, the constitution implementation still exist such problems. 18.

In December 4, 2002, Comrade Hu Jintao pointed out that all walks of life in the Capital Constitution published twenty Anniversary Memorial performed in his speech to the general assembly, the constitution is the fundamental law of our country, is the general regulations safeguard a country, is to maintain national unity, national unity, the legal basis for economic development, social progress and Changzhi long ANN, is Chinese Communist Party in governing and rejuvenating the country, unite and lead the people construction of all ethnic groups in the country China socialist legal system guarantee. Implement the strategy of governing the country according to the constitution, the first full implementation. This is a basic task of the construction of socialist political civilization, and also a basic work for building a socialist country ruled by law, takes a long time to catch on, unremittingly to do a good job. Hu Jintao also pointed out, the full implementation of the constitution, must adhere to the leadership of the party, Party organizations at all levels and all Party members should play an exemplary role in abiding by the constitution, strictly in accordance with the constitution. 19.

In September 15, 2004, Hu Jintao delivered an important speech on the 50 anniversary of the founding of the National People's Congress in various sectors of the capital conference, formally proposed the "managing state affairs according to law" and "ruling by constitution, emphasizes the concept of" rule of law ", first of all to run state affairs according to law, ruling according to law, first of all to ruling by constitution". 20.

The 2012 meeting of the party's eighteen big again, the rule of law is the basic policy that the party leads the people in running the country, the rule of law is a basic way of governing the country, we should pay more attention to play an important role in the state governance and the rule of law in social management, comprehensively promote the rule of law, and building a socialist country ruled by law. [21] to achieve this goal, we must comprehensively implement the constitution.

In December 4, 2012, the CPC Central Committee General Secretary Xi Jinping all walks of life in the capital Memorial constitution published an important speech of 30 anniversary, this paper elaborates the new CPC Central Committee leadership of the constitutional concept. Points out that General Secretary Xi Jinping, the full implementation, is building a socialist country ruled by law and the primary task of the foundation work. The constitution is the fundamental law of the state, is the general regulations safeguard a country, has the legal status, the highest authority of law, legal effect, has a fundamental, overall, long-term, stability. The people of all ethnic groups, all state organs, armed forces, political parties, social organizations, enterprises and institutions, the country must take the constitution as the basic standard of conduct, and for the maintenance of the dignity of the constitution, to ensure the implementation of the constitution duties. Any organization or individual, may have beyond the constitutional and legal privileges. All activities that violate the Constitution and laws, must be investigated. 22.

Comrade Mao Zedong led by the party's first generation of collective leadership can not solve the problem of historical cycle, just put this proposition, and gave half the answer "democracy", but did not practice democracy. Comrade Deng Xiaoping led by the party's second generation of collective leadership to solve the historical problems, the other half the answer "legal", and made great efforts for democracy and the rule of law, have made historic contribution, I sincerely hope that the capitalist system can solve the problem, the socialist system should also be able to solve. The party's third generation of collective leadership with Comrade Jiang Zemin as the core, and the Party Central Committee with Comrade Hu Jintao as general secretary of the "rule of law" to further rise to the "rule of law", clearly put forward the rule of law, building a socialist country ruled by law; and put forward clearly "managing state affairs according to law" and "ruling by constitution, emphasizes the concept of" "the rule of law, first of all to run state affairs according to law, ruling according to law, first of all to ruling by constitution". "Managing state affairs according to law", "ruling" naturally "constitutional politics", constitutional politics has stand vividly revealed on the paper.

With Xi Jinping as general secretary of the Central Committee of the party, look far ahead from a high plane, know what one is about, in a highly responsible to history and the spirit of the people, once again raised the issue of historical cycle, warning the party and the country, to study and solve this problem. The Constitution and the fate of people's national future, is closely related to the constitution; full implementation, is building a socialist country ruled by law and the primary task of the foundation work. After several generations of collective leadership of the difficult exploration, about how to jump out of the historical cycle rate control, make the party can be long-term ruling, countries can long period of stability, the answer should be said has been very clear, that is "managing state affairs according to law" and "ruling by constitution", and the construction of socialist political constitution. The question is, how to build socialism political constitution, there is no determination, perseverance and courage, will, like grasping economic construction, political construction of the constitution to catch up, until the final success.