In October 1st, Congress missed to government funding after the deadline, the house majority leader Eric Cantor (Eric Cantor) and House Speaker Nancy John Bona (John Boehner) on Capitol Hill to reporters.

Washington -- October 1st is the beginning of American fiscal year, but because the Congress failed to grant, most of the federal government closed. The deadlock responsibility where, Americans are not a.

The debate focused cited often have several names, such as Obama (Obama), Reed (Reid) and John Boehner (Boehner), but may include Washington (Washington), Jefferson (Jefferson) and Franklin (Franklin). It is this three to assist in the development of document laid America foundation of democracy, and deliberately create can make a government shutdown condition.

In 1789, "the constitution" makers authorizes Congress to control government spending, so as to limit the powers of the president. Therefore, only the "prescribed by law, the government funds for the" America available funds.

In nineteenth Century, the government procurement to Congress by credit and reimbursement to avoid this restriction. In 1884, Congress responded to the loss of its powers practices, through the "anti overrun act" (Antideficiency Act). According to the law, without congressional appropriations and any overhead belongs to the crime, only pose an imminent hazard to life and property except.

Despite the new law, the Congress in nearly a century, still often miss the deadline for funding the government, often rely on the so-called continuing resolution this short-term appropriations measures to fill a formal grant funds before the vacancy.

The delay will give travel, procurement and contract delays, sometimes influence federal salaries. However, the legislative branch and the executive branch have never really tried to stop the work of the government, federal agencies continue to run, believe Congress will eventually provide funds.

A decision to change Washington

In 1980, Jimmy Carter (Jimmy Carter) President instructed the Minister of justice Benjamin Sivilletti (Benjamin Civiletti) considered "anti overrun act". Si Ville Siti considered the results permanently changed Washington's mode of operation.

Si Ville Siti in a formal opinion said: "legal authority to continue operations or the presence, or absence," and said, when this power does not exist, the government must allow employees to stop working. He also proposed the opinion, any failure to comply with the provisions of the administrative agency heads may be subject to criminal prosecution.

After the opinion submitted 5 days, because Congress for the Federal Trade Commission (Federal Trade Commission) permissions diverge, causing the financial institutions fail to allocate, led to the Federal Trade Commission to stop office, 1600 employees shall not work. The Federal Trade Commission became the first federal agencies closed due to budget dispute. Take quick action in Congress, the agency re operation for second days, but this delay to the taxpayers $700000 loss.

In October 1, 1980 the new budget year begins, Carter ordered the government to close. Many institutions funding is in place for a few hours later, but no employees were sent home.

Si Ville Siti in his near the end of his presidency, to further clarify the meaning of law, the military activities, air traffic control, the prison management and protection of personal and property safety of jobs are not included in the government shut down the list.

In part based on tax cuts and smaller government was elected on the promise of Ronald Reagan (Ronald Reagan) president, had skillfully use close government threats to promote his political agenda.

Senate Majority Leader Harry Reed (Harry Reid) October 2nd on Capitol Hill on the government shut down his comments to reporters, side was Senator Charles Schumer (Charles Schumer).

Reagan and congressional dispute led to later there were two day shutdown home of employees. Reagan's successor George Bush (George H.W. Bush) president only once used this technique, leading to the government shut down in October on a holiday weekend, part. At that time, affected mainly tourists, because it makes them unable to enter the National Park and Museum, the Smithson (Smithsonian museums).

Before civiletti writing opinion years, lasting a week or longer It is quite common for the budget impasse. In this opinion came out, in 1995 once no more than 3 days of stalemate.

Clinton to Gingrich

Once considered by many unimaginable federal completely shut down, and finally in the Bill Clinton (Bill Clinton) occurred during the administration of president.

President Clinton and house speaker Newt Gingrich (Newt Gingrich) differences at the time some of the most pressing problems, including providing for the elderly Medicare (Medicare) in the future, to provide help for the poor population, tax cuts and the federal budget deficit. The differences between the two sides have led the federal government closed two times, once in 1995, for a period of 6 days, another in 1996, for a period of 21 days. The government to government contractors and federal employees throughout the country to provide services for government and enterprise income close, thus causing millions of dollars in losses to the taxpayer, and damage to the America economy.

Public opinion in favour of the president, and the Congress finally in through its budget in most conditions accepted President Clinton. Although American voters once in the 1994 mid-term elections fully tend to support the Republican, but in 1996 they re elected a Democrat President Clinton.

2013The government shut down

Due to the lack of fiscal year 2014 budget, some departments USA federal government must stop the office since October 1, 2013.

House Republicans graph cuts "reasonable medical treatment cost method" (Affordable Care Act) funding, and this bill was one of President Obama's achievement as the government's most important. The Democrats had a majority of the Senate will contain the contents of the House bill shut sb. cuts.

In a government shutdown period, social security and other core services will continue, must maintain national security activities will not stop. In order to charge users for revenue service and there are 2013 fiscal surplus capital projects will continue to.

The administrative departments to determine which employees can stop office, which employees must be at least now continue to work without pay. In the former case, federal employee wages later reissued.

In October 2nd, would like to visit parks and monuments of the visitors were disappointed. By President Obama called this standoff "punching bag" federal employees feel anxious, some waiting to be recalled to work, while others expect will be notified to pack up and go home. Whether this situation how to solve, taxpayers are likely to lose millions of dollars.

Finally, when the president and Congress to find all the people can accept or forward path is at least tolerable, the federal government will re open. This is precisely the purpose of the founding fathers.

U.S. Constitution Determines How Government Works, or Doesn 't

By Bridget Hunter Staff Writer || 02 October 2013

House Majority Leader Eric Cantor, left, and Speaker of the House John Boehner face reporters on Capitol Hill October 1 after Congress missed a deadline to keep the government funded

Washington - On October 1, the beginning of the U.S. fiscal year, lack of congressional funding shut down much of the federal government as Americans argued about who was to blame for the impasse

The conversations tend to focus on names like Obama, Reid and Boehner, but probably should include Washington, Jefferson and Franklin. The document the latter three helped forge laid the foundation for U.S. democracy and deliberately created the condition that allows shutting down the federal government

In 1789, the framers of the Constitution assigned Congress control over spending as a way to limit the power of the presidency. The U.S. government can spend money only "in consequence of appropriations made by law"

During the 19th century, the executive branch worked around this restriction by buying on credit and sending the bills to Congress for payment. Congress responded to this erosion of its authority in 1884 by passing the Antideficiency Act, which made it a crime to willfully spend money that had not been appropriated by Congress, except in situations of imminent harm to life or property

Despite the new law, Congress continued for nearly a century to routinely miss deadlines for government appropriations, frequently filling the gaps with short-term funding measures called continuing resolutions

These lapses delayed travel, purchases and new contracts. They occasionally disrupted federal payrolls. However, neither the legislative nor the executive branch seriously contemplated ceasing government activities, and federal agencies continued to operate with faith that Congress would eventually provide funding

THE RULING THAT CHANGED WASHINGTON

In 1980, President Jimmy Carter directed his attorney general, Benjamin Civiletti, to review the Antideficiency Act. Civiletti 's finding permanently altered the way Washington worked

"The legal authority for continued operations either exists or it does not," he wrote in a formal opinion, adding that when that authority does not exist, the government must send employees home. His opinion also stated any agency heads who failed to comply could be criminally prosecuted

Five days after the opinion, funding for the Federal Trade Commission expired amid a congressional disagreement over the agency 's powers. The Commission, the first federal office closed by a budget dispute, halted operations and sent 1600 workers home. It reopened the next day, after quick action by Congress, but the lapse cost taxpayers $700000

Carter ordered the government to prepare to shut down when the new budget year began October 1, 1980 Funding for many agencies did expire for a few hours, but no workers were sent home

Near the end of his term, Civiletti further clarified the law 's meaning to exempt from a government shutdown military activities, air traffic control, prison management and other work that protects human safety or property

President Ronald Reagan, elected in part for promises to cut taxes and shrink government, adroitly used the threat of a shutdown to advance his political agenda

Senator Chuck Schumer watches as Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid speaks to journalists on Capitol Hill October 2 about the government shutdown

He exercised his first veto November 23, blocking 1981, an emergency spending bill and sending federal workers streaming out of their offices. Hours later, Congress passed a three-week spending measure that met the president 's requirements and workers returned, at a cost to taxpayers of $80 million

Disputes between Reagan and Congress sent workers home for half days twice more. Reagan 's successor, President George H.W. Bush, only once used the tactic, which resulted in a partial shutdown during an October holiday weekend. Those adversely affected were mostly tourists prevented from entering national parks and the Smithsonian Museums

In the years leading up to Civiletti 's opinion, budget standoffs lasting a week or more had been commonplace. After the opinion, no standoff lasted more than three days until 1995

CLINTON VERSUS GINGRICH

The full-scale shutdown that many had considered unthinkable finally occurred during the administration of President Bill Clinton

Clinton and Speaker of the House Newt Gingrich disagreed on some of the most pressing issues of the time, including the future of the Medicare health program for the elderly, assistance to the poor, tax cuts and the federal budget deficit. Their clashes resulted in two shutdowns, one in 1995 for six days and another in 1996 for 21 days. The shutdowns cost taxpayers millions and harmed the U.S. economy by affecting incomes of federal workers, government contractors and businesses across the nation that served the government

Public opinion tended to support the president, and Congress ended up accepting most of Clinton 's conditions in the spending bills it passed. The American electorate, decidedly pro-Republican in the 1994 midterm elections, re-elected Clinton, a Democrat, in 1996

SHUTDOWN 2013

On October 1, lack 2013, of funding for fiscal year 2014 mandated that parts of the U.S. federal government begin closing

Republicans in the House of Representatives are seeking to cut funding for the Affordable Care Act, which President Obama considers one of his administration 's most important achievements. The Senate, in which Democrats hold a majority, has rejected House bills that contain the funding cut

During the shutdown, essential services like Social Security payments continue, as do activities needed to maintain national security. Services that are funded by user fees also continue, as do some programs that have operating funds left over from fiscal year 2013 appropriations

The executive branch determines which employees can be sent home and which must remain on the job without pay, at least for now. In previous shutdowns, federal workers have been paid retroactively

On October 2, tourists hoping to visit parks and monuments were disappointed. Federal workers, whom President Obama described as "the punching bags" in this impasse, are anxious, either waiting to be recalled to work or anticipating the moment when they will be sent home. Taxpayers are likely to lose millions, regardless of how the situation is resolved

Ultimately, the federal government will reopen when the president and the two chambers of Congress find a way forward that is acceptable, or at least tolerable, to all. And that is exactly what the Founding Fathers intended