Both sides play the constitutional faction 

Deng Xiaoping in talks with Poland leaders said: "we both the original political system are from the Soviet model, it seems that this model has not been very successful in the Soviet union. "

 

The party state system is not Chinese characteristic, is from the Soviet Union. Lenin's "the proletarian revolution and the traitor Kautsky" is the theoretical foundation of the party state system. Lenin created the Soviet's party state system of the female parent. In the words of Lenin: the party state system "is directly by violence and not subject to any legal restrictions regime. This system not only destroyed the civil society, also destroyed the ruling party. In the Soviet Union's Central Committee in seventy percent after the seventeen congress of being shot, in the Cultural Revolution Chinese is seventy percent of the Central Committee is interrogated, detained, many people were persecuted to death. The party state system so that the political organization and the ruling party have become obedient tool dictator.

 

The party state system of Mao Zedong is "creation" and "development", "Marx added his formula is the emperor". Marx of the skin, for the law, under the banner of the dictatorship of the proletariat to the emperor. He put the theory of the party state system and the system, become the root of the Chinese man-made.

 

Mao was not ashamed look down the conversation

 

The party state system has four characteristics: one is the ruling party members respect the constitution; two is the military does not lie with the government; three is the government two yuan; four is the civil rights of virtual. The party state system is a careerist in army, to usurp party, country lever.

 

In 1954, Mao Zedong drafted the first constitution of the people's Republic of china. It is the constitution that year, Mao Zedong at a meeting of the Party Central Committee, made a constitutional explanation of speech, laid the theoretical foundation for the party state system. He said:

 

We have quite a few comrades, is a superstition that constitution is the constitution, safeguard a country of a ready-made panacea, attempted to take party in under the constitution. I never believe in the law, do not believe that the constitution, is to get rid of this Constitution Science I. The Kuomintang has the constitution, also very seriously, but not by us to Taiwan? Our party has no constitution, defy laws human and divine, the result is not the victory?

 

Our great glorious and correct party is always not in favor of the constitution, however, after the founding of the PRC, taking into account the foreigner countries have formulated the constitution, and China intellectuals have not fully become obedient tool of the party, in order to reform and education of the masses of the people, consolidate the leadership of the party, or to the constitution. The constitution, essence is the negation of the leadership of the party, in politics is extremely harmful.

 

Of course, the constitution is made, do not execute, execute to what degree, but also to the direction of the party shall prevail. Only a fool and anti Party member will be from the Party leadership, implement the constitution.

 

This talk, full of the king of the mountain "enforce justice on behalf of Heaven" domineering. The main combat to Zhou Enlai as the representative of the party constitution dealers. Mao Zedong thought first unified senior cadres: the constitution have no alternative against one's will, it is to deceive the public figure, all have the party says, who on behalf of the party, my hair.

 

But there is a saying of Mao Zedong said: "the constitution, essence is the negation of the leadership of the party". Mao Zedong muttering incantations of the leadership of the party, is the formation of Mao Zedong's individual leadership, the tradition is only on behalf of the cpc. Under the Constitution Act, Mao Zedong will have absolute power. In law, the party may not be higher than the constitution, "Wei Guangzheng" party also can not be higher than the constitution. The ruling party must engage in the activities under the constitution, the constitutional to be impeached. The constitution or not, under military control, military government, others say you dictatorship, you'll crustily skin of head against; you must transform from a revolutionary party to a ruling party, admitted that "power for the people" from the popular Fu, find the legitimacy, political constitution, we must consciously jumped into the Constitution of the cage, like George W. Bush said, standing in the cage on the public speech. Although the constitution is drafted you lead the party, or are you Mao Zedong drafted, but your party, you Mao Zedong himself, must obey the constitution.

 

The hair of the play six major violation of constitution

 

Mao Zedong's open attitude is to implement the constitution. One nine five four in June 14th he at the thirtieth session of the Council of the Central People's government said: "an organization must have a constitution, a country must have a constitution, the constitution is a set of general rules, it is the fundamental law. " he also pointed out:" by then, the people of the whole country everyone to implement, especially the staff of state organs to take the lead in the introduction, first you must implement the. Do not implement is a violation of the constitution. "All of you" course should consist of Mao Zedong himself.

 

Mao Zedong is such a two faced, a maximum of two faced. He said that "the constitution" word play. He put the whole party to play, the democratic parties and democratic constitutionalism intellectuals play.

 

Before and after the two passage, senior party cadres letter which section? Zhou Enlai, Liu Shaoji, Deng Xiaoping, the letter which section? The letter before a. This speech in the central leadership has far-reaching influence, become ingrained, the constitution of the Communist Party of China view, still play a role. Please note that: "the constitution is made, do not execute, execute to what degree, but also to the direction of the party shall prevail. Only a fool and anti party elements will be from the leadership of the party, implementation of the constitution. "This sentence as Mao Zedong" supreme instructions ", the constitution is full of waste paper, the reform of the political system did not discuss. You to the leaders of the Communist Party of China proposed a constitutional democracy, he felt the words at the bottom, continue to play with you "constitution", absolutely won't listen. Don't hide this passage in the Legalists politics said, not to the individual dictatorship amulet exposed, not to push the guiding ideology of the ruling status of the Communist Party into an impasse, Chinese constitutional hopeless hopelessness, democracy. The difficulty Chinese political reform is the changes in ideology, the first ideological reform, everyone (especially the top) understanding, in order to have a democratic constitutionalism.

 

Mao Zedong created the party state regime, was a democratic guise autocracy, is sixty years China disaster continuous source of. Its constitution two times (the common programme and the five four constitution) by subversion, according to the constitution established representative body -- the National People's Congress, was stopped for ten years. It lacks the stability and procedural, happened six times of non program -- Mao is down with Liu Shaoji, Lin Biao and the gang of four, Deng era is dethroned Hua Guofeng, Hu Yaobang and Zhao Ziyang. In a party state system, the three major transformation, the anti rightist campaign, the great leap forward, commune, starve to death about thirty million people, the movement, the cultural revolution and the eight or nine storm, serious polarization and the party towards the whole of corruption and other major error.

 

Mao Zedong thought, a disciple of Han Feizi. Han Feizi put knowledge into two categories: method and operation. The first kind of learning is a method. Method subjects is education, guidance, control method of the world. The second kind of knowledge is the operation. The method of operation is the emperor, controls the subject, tips on the emperor, they are for your own use. So, Han Feizi states: "the method is explicit, and do not want to see the operation. "Or in the form of communication from all sides kilogram or in books, popular form of the school; art to keep secret, only to the closest population transfer from personal experience. Mao Zedong that about the conversation is surgery, is the modern imperial South of. The firsthand, within the party generation like Jiabao generally passed down.

 

The five four Party's Military Commission under military dictatorship reconstruction

 

Mao Zedong's party state system is the constitution of 1954 when the extraordinary as if done by the spirits like quietly completed.

 

In 1954 September in the first session of the National People's Congress, Mao Zedong was elected chairman of the people's Republic of China, Zhu De, vice president; elected Liu Shaoji chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, Song Qingling, Lin Boqu, Li Jishen, Zhang Lan, Luo Rong, Shen Junru, Guo Moruo, Huang Yanpei Huan, Peng Zhen, Chen Shutong, Darai, Liwayihan Lamar Tenzing Gia Zo Fuding, match for vice chairman, Secretary General Peng Zhenjian; according to Mao Zedong's nomination, decided to Premier Zhou Enlai Zhou Enlai decided; according to the nomination, Chen Yun, Lin Biao, Peng Dehuai, Deng Xiaoping, Teng Tzuhui, He Long, Ulav, Li Fuchun, Li Xiannian as deputy prime minister; by the National Defense Commission Chairman Mao Zedong, Zhu De, Peng Dehuai, Lin Biao, Liu Baicheng, He Long, Chen Yi, Deng Xiaoping, Luo Ronghuan, Xu Xiangqian, Nie Rongzhen, Xie Jianying, Cheng Qian, Zhang Zhizhong, Fu Zuoyi, Long Yun as vice chairman of the president of the Supreme People's court; Dong Biwu;'s Procuratorate to Zhang Dingcheng.

 

In senior positions of power system arrangement has attracted national attention, time, inside and outside the party officials to celebrate August 28, 1954, according to Mao Zedong's proposal, the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee made a reconstruction of the party's Military Commission decisions. In 1949 the people's Republic of China was founded, with the Central People's government the people's Revolutionary Military Commission, the military nationalization, Mao Zedong as chairman, Zhu De, Liu Shaoji, Zhou Enlai, Peng Dehuai as vice president, without the addition of the party's military commission. This regime CMC renamed National Defense Commission, a committee member eighty-one people, become a united front organization for former KMT senior generals of the uprising, and no command military power. The party's Military Commission reconstruction by Mao Zedong, chairman, Zhu De, Peng Dehuai, Lin Biao, Liu Baicheng, He Long, Chen Yi, Deng Xiaoping, Luo Ronghuan, Xu Xiangqian, Nie Rongzhen, Xie Jianying was a member of the committee. Liu Shaoji, Zhou Enlai is no longer as military, "Zhu De, vice chairman of the Central Military Commission Peng Dehuai by member, command of army command of Mao Zedong and concentrated on one hand, Peng Dehuai to the Secretary of defense identity presided over the Central Military Commission of the daily work. The big thing in the history of the Communist Party of China "timeline" not included, increase its secrecy and plot atmosphere.

 

But the constitution is repairing, rebuilding the party's Military Commission, the military from the regime of "stealing", is to do one thing under cover of another. This is the first step to building the Mao Zedong military dictatorship, he succeeded. Since then, his personal power is irresistible to swell up.

 

Five eight speech President for unloading the great leap forward

 

Mao Zedong made a president of the Republic, he will jump out from the cage. The kind of people inside and outside the party and stay on him. At the end of one nine five eight, Mao Zedong put forward the second president, do not do the party chairman, has a complex background and deep thought.

 

First, the great leap forward mess up, like in the defeat, the consequence is serious, he wants to shirk responsibility, to escape the constitutional accountability.

 

In April 15, 1959 two National People's Congress, on the eve of Mao Zedong, held the sixteenth highest state conference, in which he on the next national leadership explained. He said:

 

What the president candidate is Comrade Liu Shaoji, and not Zhu De comrades? Comrade Zhu De is very prestigious, comrade Liu Shaoji is very prestigious. Why is this, not that? Because our party presided over the work, I count one, but I'm no matter daily affairs. Sometimes a little, sometimes no matter. Who is often tube? Comrade Shao Qi. I left Beijing, he is the agent of my work. This has been for many years. Starting in Yanan is so, now to Beijing after ten years. In Yanan, for example, I went to Chongqing, agent my job is Comrade Shao Qi. He served as chairman of more appropriate.

 

Mao Zedong this speech in a natural and friendly atmosphere to push Liu Shaoji out when the president, but also to the national crisis caused by the great leap forward due responsibility called Liu Shaoji back. Because Mao himself "is a matter of routine.".

 

Two years ago, Mao Zedong was anxious when the leader of the revolution the ambitions of the world motivated, determined to launch the great leap forward movement, the backward agricultural economy Chinese the miracle in the short term, in order to focus on his thought that "a handful of rice", support the world revolution. After the anti rightist movement, the democratic parties and intellectuals have been subdued, nobody dared gossipy and meddlesome. He also criticized by Zhou Enlai right, put the suit. Premier Zhou Enlai is pragmatic Jishizhicai by the state, is an outstanding economic work leader, organizer and administrator, he advocated to respect economic laws, according to our capability, comprehensive balance, steer. His idea and vice premier Chen Yun, Li Xiannian, Bo Yibo et al. Support, don't put these people over, the great leap forward going to get up.

 

Since 1957 September the Third Plenary Session of the eight, Mao Zedong in the first half of 1958 and has held two meetings in Hangzhou, Nanning Eight meeting meeting meeting meeting, Wuhan, Chengdu until May held, to criticize the 1956 anti rash advance as the theme, oppose the right-wing conservative Meng Zhou Enlai, whole. After a series of meetings, forced Zhou Enlai and review, the correct views comprehensive balance, accord with the objective economic law of steady development, completely granted would discredit, as Mao Zedong to "left" bend "as the characteristics of the utopian socialist road opened up the road in the country.