American legal program morphology (Reprint)

Legal news

In addition to conventional programs, there are still some "legal entertainment" category information program. They are involved in legal disputes and other celebrities to report object, provide relevant celebrity various law related lace news to the audience, which represents the column with CourtTV "Hollywood hotline", and "celebrity justice" (CelebrityJustice). News stories of this kind of program to tell the stars, and still pay more attention to the judicial process, its style is active, lively, relaxed, and packaging also pay attention to entertainment, from the presiding style to wearing makeup, from the scene props, lighting layout to the camera, splicing from editing technique to screen, even the slogans and trailer, behave fashion, jump. In order to cater to the young audience short-term attention characteristics, time of each part of these programs will not be too long.

In addition, some news interview programs, represent the columns are USA C-SPAN "USA and court" (AmericaAnd那个Courts). The basic strategy of such programs is based on interviews with experts to develop the case depth, to satisfy the audience to understand the details of the case to court to answer the reporter asks the way. "American and court" is 60 minutes long, interviews with experts on a weekly hottest cases, each program usually have two cases, each case by the studio interviews, double windows expert attachment and relevant personage to reporters of three parts, including outside the court, people outside the court reporters record for the longest time. In addition, the French television two comprehensive in-depth coverage columns "media weekly" also has a large number of legal content, it pays attention to the double windows and field reporter dialogue reporting, still studio and parties or authority responsible person, a forum of experts.

Case record

This type of great columns of America "Forensic Files" (ForensicFiles), "the ultimate evidence" (ExtremeEvidence), "master" (Masterminds), "the most wanted" (AmericanMostWanted) and crime to observe the British BBC-1 "" (CrimeWatch) etc..

"Forensic Files", "the ultimate evidence" in America high-profile television program uses a fascinating story to tell case approach. They are integrated into a large number of investigators, forensic and other technical knowledge, is used to explain the methods and skills of this case, engineers, chemists, computer experts and other special occupation personnel how to make full use of various means of science and technology for clues, the real reason which opened the crime, accidents. These columns also strive to be the audience "into" to the story, the program will continue to set the problem, solve the problem, let the audience to participate in solving cases analyzed and various suspicious clues, nicely captures the attention of the audience.

"America's most wanted" style and above and "crime" of the columns are different observation. "America's most wanted" each can choose 2 ~ 3 real case, usually one hour program is divided into 2 to 3 sections, taken after the simulation result to the case, and will arrange the personnel as well as the legal worker interviews on the show. It is sometimes also will show the criminal real photos, and provides the free hotline to report clues the audience. In addition, this one column and other content, including how to protect the safety of life and property in the event of criminals of the experience, legal organizations and groups of victims of American activities, the relevant law enforcement departments personnel interview etc.. "Observation" crime films are usually in a crime to shoot in the field, and will try to employ similar to the description of the criminal's actor to perform the entire process of crime. Accept host the case investigators or the police in the live studio of access, and will answer the call from the audience. After the programs are usually broadcast to the audience in the story, the latest case investigation. And, the program group specific cases in the program broadcast after keep still and detectives for months or even years of contact, so that the audience can continue to get relevant information case. "The most wanted" and "Crime Watch" broadcast help police uncovered many cases, it also makes more and the influence of these two programs more.

The trial class

In addition to broadcast on real trial, there are mock trial program. In the CourtTV program, the real trial show host usually has a legal background is strong, it will employ experienced lawyers and professional journalists to assume the task of investigating the interpretation and comment on the case analysis. Amount of information in order to enrich the show, broadcast images of filmmakers in court trial with a lot of subtitles, including legal news headlines, playing a trial rolling name, name, identity, a spokesman for the educational background, experience or criminal record and its relevance to the case. 　

Mock trial class in the most famous column as "judge Judy" (JudgeJudy). Host JudySheindlin has been a judge occupation, has rich experience in trial experience. Her hosting style tough, humor, spicy, this is of vital importance to the success of the show, the imitator to success. Because of the success of the show, Judy is worth billions of dollars, among the top 20 USA rich women.

"Judge Judy" is paramount to all, launched in 1996, 30 minutes long. Although the broadcast time for the afternoon, the program still captured many evening shift female audiences, especially maintaining very high loyalty in 25 ~ 54 year olds. "Each episode judge Judy" are 3 cases treated for 2 ~, the judge during the trial, will ask a dispute the two sides of the plaintiff and the defendant, and fast in court. As the main target audience of this program focused on work mainly to housewives at home, while the criminal cases and the audience without great relevance, therefore "judge Judy" the selected cases are less than civil compensation of $5000 in daily life, action by different things, the audience can be submitted online litigation case. The trial process used in the program to simulate the court basically normal, but the trial process without counsel, therefore, in the process of "the parties" statements of fact, often quarrel or even abuse scenarios, and thus reveal shocking background content from and stimulate the audience's mood. In the trial at the end, the audience will see the "bad" and "good" punishment awarded, it will feel very enjoyable. They also learned in such litigation tendency America high society, personal rights in the violations, what can be done to make personal interests are best protected.

Complete simulation trial program "second verdict" is USA PAX channel (in 2007 January changed its name to IONTelevision) launched in 2004. The entire program process, participants need not follow any legal clauses, and the role of the host just lies in connecting, does not add any comments, also does not provide any information. The biggest selling point is the program that the differences between real and simulated trial by jury. The members of the jury in the lounge of fierce debate and many different voting result, make the program easier to seize the audience's heart. The members of the jury during the program is always do not know real time trial results, so when the final voting results out, again playing real trial results, the montage effect to show to a climax.

Television drama

The most successful legal drama should be America's "CSI", namely "crime scene investigation" (CrimeSceneInvestigation). The play is American Cbs Broadcasting Inc's trump card program, Emmy Awards with 6 nominations, selected in 2002 American "ten best TV drama". CSI has its 6 season, it adopts a series form, each set to crime found opening, followed by another and another one or two cases are intertwined, investigation and case gradually, all the mystery has gradually clear up, until The case is entirely cleared.

"CSI" has strong, its full-time adviser served in the security sector in Losangeles for 15 years, engaged in crime scene investigation, employed by the 6 script writer for America graduate schools, and it is also the major suit converges cast.
"CSI" the story is based on real case, the real from the professional point of view of science and technology to shoot, show many leading high-tech cutting-edge detection technology: ballistics, forensic toxicology, DNA blood group identification, analysis of rupture, ichnology, high intelligent crime psychology. It took the reconstruction of the scene, the rational layout of various details, realistic feel to the audience be personally on the scene; the fast-paced narrative way, the number of concurrent whirling case case, the suspense is more compact, the plot cross each other, the content full and vivid. The attention of the audience will follow the investigators, to see how they start from the site, incomplete human hair fiber, fingerprints and nails and dust and so on various subtle evidence, detailed analysis and screening, to meet the audience's desire to explore, the plot also so full and three-dimensional.

The show aired a USA police necessary learning materials, including the British Scotland field, Japanese guards hall and French police are regarded as the textbook. At the same time "CSI" is also a forensic boom, many schools require students to open the medicine course.

The real record type

For example, CourtTV "capture" (Caught) and Fawkes's "Police Story" (Cops).

"Police Story" the video device to record the police under the police in the streets, law enforcement and other scenarios, the whole process of a true record of police law enforcement. The entire program tracking record, no explanation. The theme involves various kinds of cases, the police work in the various law enforcement process, the whole program is completely live video clips, very realistic.

"Capture" is set to some unknown test items in a public place, use of the form of capture people in the face of abnormal behavior of these test cases, such as the use of the stall keepers Street no one to test people's honesty. The goal of the program is to explore knowledge in no circumstances will people do what. It takes the general public for viewing group, aspect is the abnormal behavior of the figures recorded candid camera lens, meet people's lust of peep.

Composition of each program usually consists of 3 to 4 tests, each test items include test records, test design process of people behavior and psychology experts to explain the significance of the test, each test plate by advertisement and publicity for the separation channel. In order to create visibility to strengthen the program, to avoid problems objectively recorded this way may be slow, dull, specially to mobilize various means, such as playing at a fast pace and the screen in the background music, funny videos and so on, resulting in the rhythm of a degree of relaxation, and setting suspense arouse audience desire.

The game type

In the CourtTV program, in addition to "me, detective", this kind of program and the "camouflage" (FakeOut). It is usually in the night air, duration of 30 minutes. Each program had three volunteers, divided into three. Players set up through their own questions to judge whether the other party opponent lying, judge a player good will enter the final link, and from American agent FBI was the host face-to-face polygraph game, if the final victory over host can get a $20000 bonus. Every aspect of the game requires the player from each other's language, facial expression, gesture, determine whether the lie, once the errors in judgment, the contestant will be eliminated; and they will make every attempt to disguise themselves, try not to ask for the opportunity to guess the truth. The programme is also rich in professional knowledge, the questioner not only to judge each other's description is truth or lie, and later to my own judgements are described in detail, explain why will judge each other there is no lie. The host was in FBI responsible for psychological type case, he will be at the end of each round from his opponent's subtle movements and facial expression changes to give the audience a lie detector the most authoritative judgment, so that viewers learn psychology knowledge.